Ion-Selective Membrane-Coated Graphene-Hexagonal Boron Nitride Heterostructures for Field-Effect Ion Sensing.

An intrinsic ion sensitivity exceeding the Nernst-Boltzmann limit and an sp -hybridized carbon structure make graphene a promising channel material for realizing ion-sensitive field-effect transistors with a stable solid-liquid interface under biased conditions in buffered salt solutions. Here, we examine the performance of graphene field-effect transistors coated with ion-selective membranes as a tool to selectively detect changes in concentrations of Ca, K, and Na in individual salt solutions as well as in buffered Locke's solution. Both the shift in the Dirac point and transconductance could be measured as a function of ion concentration with repeatability exceeding 99.

Salty water and salty leaf litter alters riparian detrital processes: Evidence from sodium-addition laboratory mesocosm experiments.

Terrestrial and freshwater secondary salinization is a global phenomenon arising partially from anthropogenic activities. How low-level direct (e.g.

The assessment and exploration of forensic nursing concepts in undergraduate nursing curricula: a mixed-methods study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the importance and explore the inclusion of forensic nursing concepts in undergraduate nursing curricula.

Methods: This study used a mixed method design to survey undergraduate nurse educators (n=1,000) across the United States. Utilizing a convergent parallel design, data were analyzed independently, sequentially, and combined to synthesize the results and cultivate the overall conceptualization of the findings.

Alcohol policy compliance among retailers in Bhutan: a multisite community intervention study.

Background: Alcohol use is a major public health problem in Bhutan. Compliance with regulations at the point of sale is an important strategy in alcohol control. Retail outlets were briefed on sale regulations and provided notification of rules, which they were directed to display on the premises.

Search for New Phenomena in Final States with Two Leptons and One or No b-Tagged Jets at sqrt[s]=13 TeV Using the ATLAS Detector.

A search for new phenomena is presented in final states with two leptons and one or no b-tagged jets. The event selection requires the two leptons to have opposite charge, the same flavor (electrons or muons), and a large invariant mass. The analysis is based on the full run-2 proton-proton collision dataset recorded at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=13  TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139  fb^{-1}.

ExoPRIME: Solid-phase immunoisolation and OMICS analysis of surface-marker-specific exosomal subpopulations.

Exosomes encapsulate genomic and proteomic biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis and disease monitoring. However, exosome surface-markers heterogeneity is a major drawback of current isolation methods. Here, we report a direct, one-step exosome sampling technology, ExoPRIME, for selective capture of CD63 exosome subpopulations using an immune-affinity protocol.

Grip Strength Measurement in Baseball Pitchers: A Clinical Examination to Indicate Stride Length Inefficiency.

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament injuries are rampant in the sport of baseball where kinetic chain impacts, stemming from misappropriation of stride length or changes that occur in competition due to fatigue, have not been evaluated for dynamic elbow stability effects.

Hypothesis/purpose: To examine the relationship between clinical measures of grip strength and altered stride length in baseball pitchers. It is believed that shorter stride lengths would reduce grip strength in baseball pitchers.

A new species of Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 (Anura, Odontophrynidae) from Southern Amazonia, Brazil.

Based on concordant differences in morphology, male advertisement call, and 16S mtDNA barcode distance, we describe a new species of from southern Amazonia, in the states of Mato Grosso and Pará, Brazil. The new species is most similar to and but differs from these species by its proportionally larger eyes and features of the advertisement call. Additionally, genetic distance between the new species and its congeners is 3.

Struggling with the basics: food and housing insecurity among college students across twenty-two colleges and universities.

Objectives: To quantify the number and type of students failing to secure basic needs.

Participants: Students attending 22 postsecondary schools in the United States in Fall 2019.

Methods: The Adult Food Security Module and part of the #RealCollege Survey were used to measure food and housing insecurity, respectively.

The Effect of Music Genre and Music-Preference Dimension on Acceptable Noise Levels in Listeners with 'Normal' Hearing.

Background: The acceptable noise level (ANL) is the maximum level of background noise that an individual is willing to accept while listening to speech. The type of background noise does not affect ANL results except for music.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if ANL differed due to music genre or music genre preference.

Clay Nanotube Immobilization on Animal Hair for Sustained Anti-Lice Protection.

Topical administration of drugs is required for the treatment of parasitic diseases and insect infestations; therefore, fabrication of nanoscale drug carriers for effective insecticide topical delivery is needed. Here we report the enhanced immobilization of halloysite tubule nanoclay onto semiaquatic capybaras which have hydrophobic hair surfaces as compared to their close relatives, land-dwelling guinea pigs, and other agricultural livestock. The hair surface of mammals varies in hydrophobicity having a cortex surrounded by cuticles.

Influence of interface in electrical properties of 3D printed structures.

The aligned bond interfaces resulting from the layer-by-layer nature of material extrusion-based additive manufacturing (MEAM) leads to anisotropic properties in printed parts. This study examines the anisotropy in electrical impedance and its variation with print parameters. Samples consisting of a stack of filaments are used to study the interfaces, which are the fundamental building block of MEAM, in a controlled manner.

Robust three-dimensional nanotube-in-micropillar array electrodes to facilitate size independent electroporation in blood cell therapy.

Blood is an attractive carrier for plasmid and RNA-based medicine in cell therapy. Electroporation serves as a favorable delivery tool for simple operation, quick internalization, minimum cell culture involvement, and low contamination risk. However, the delivery outcome of electroporation heavily depends on the treated cells such as their type, size, and orientation to the electric field, not ideal for highly heterogeneous blood samples.

Faecal microbiota transplants: towards a healthy disgust scepticism.

This paper engages with the obstacle of disgust surrounding the use of faecal microbiota transplants (FMT). In discourse about the human microbiome and microbiota-based therapies (like FMT), disgust has become an unavoidable emotion for physicians, patients and caregivers interested in these therapies. Additionally, microbiota therapies and microbiomes are challenging our conception of an individual biological self.

Biofunctionalization of electrospun fiber membranes by LbL-collagen/chondroitin sulfate nanocoating followed by mineralization for bone regeneration.

It is of great significance to develop osteoinductive artificial scaffold for bone repair and regeneration. We constructed a biomimetic apatite interface on electrospun polycaprolactone fibers by combining layer-by-layer (LbL) nanocoating with mineralization to fabricate an osteoinductive artificial scaffold. After polydopamine modification, cationic type-І collagen and anionic chondroitin sulfate were sequentially adsorbed on the fiber surface.

Evolution of Ferromagnetic and Antiferromagnetic States in Iron Nitride Clusters FeN and FeN ( = 1-10).

First-principles density functional theory calculations on neutral and singly negatively and positively charged iron clusters Fe and iron nitride clusters FeN and FeN ( = 1-10) in the range of 1 ≤ ≤ 10 revealed that there is a strong competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states especially in the FeN cluster series. This phenomenon was related to superexchange via a bridging N atom between two iron atoms in the FeN cluster series and to a double superexchange effect via a Fe atom shared by two N atoms in the FeN series. A thorough examination of the structure-energy-spin state relationships in these clusters is conducted, leading to new insights and confirmation of available experimental results on structural parameters and dissociation energetics.

In Vitro Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide in Activated Macrophages via a Platinum Microelectrode Array.

Oxidative stress, an excess of endogenous or exogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the human body, is closely aligned with inflammatory responses. ROS such as hydrogen peroxide (HO), superoxide, and radical hydroxyl ions serve essential functions in fighting infection; however, chronic elevation of these species irreversibly damages cellular components. Given the central role of inflammation in a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and rheumatoid arthritis, a low-cost, extracellular, non-invasive assay of HO measurement is needed.

The Families and Schools for Health Project: A Longitudinal Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Targeting Children with Overweight and Obesity.

This cluster randomized controlled trial aimed at overweight and obese children compared three treatments. Two psychoeducation interventions for parents and children were conducted: Family Lifestyle (FL) focused on food and physical activity; Family Dynamics (FD) added parenting and healthy emotion management. A third Peer Group (PG) intervention taught social acceptance to children.

Odderon Exchange from Elastic Scattering Differences between pp and pp[over ¯] Data at 1.96 TeV and from pp Forward Scattering Measurements.

We describe an analysis comparing the pp[over ¯] elastic cross section as measured by the D0 Collaboration at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV to that in pp collisions as measured by the TOTEM Collaboration at 2.76, 7, 8, and 13 TeV using a model-independent approach.

Professional Baseball Player Type and Geographic Region of Origin Impacts Shoulder External and Internal Rotation Strength.

Background: Shoulder strength deficits are implicated in arm injuries and performance deficits in baseball players.

Purpose: To characterize shoulder external (ER) and internal (IR) rotation strength in professional baseball players, and compare strength across player type (pitchers, position players) and geographic origin (North America, Latin America).

Study Design: Cross-sectional.

Ionic Liquids Separating Rubber Latex from Guayule.

Danger to rubber trees () from South American leaf blight fungus imperils the world's source of natural latex for essential rubber products. Avoiding latex allergies also requires a non-Hevea latex source. The present methods for removing latex entrapped in the individual cells of guayule plants require environmentally hazardous chemicals.

Demographic effects of phenological variation in natural populations of two pond-breeding salamanders.

Phenology is a key driver of population and community dynamics. Phenological metrics (e.g.

Janus sand filter with excellent demulsification ability in separation of surfactant-stabilized oil/water emulsions: An experimental and molecular dynamics simulation study.

Developing efficient separation materials for surfactant-stabilized oil/water emulsions is of great importance while significantly challenging. In this work, a sand filter with Janus channels was prepared by simply mixing superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic quartz sand in a mass ratio of 1:1. Due to the imbalanced force of droplets in those Janus channels, better separation performance under gravity was achieved for both surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions than the superhydrophilic or superhydrophobic sand filter alone.

Negative Feedback Role of Astrocytes in Shaping Excitation in Brain Cell Co-cultures.

Glial cells play an important role in maintaining neuronal homeostasis and may thus influence excitability in epileptogenesis. These cells in the brain have glutamate (Glu) transporters, which remove this neurotransmitter from the extracellular space. Lack of negative (-) feedback makes local neuronal circuits more excitable and potentially contributing to epileptogenic phenomena.