Osteoporotic Fragility Fracture Is Associated With an Increased Rate of New Mental Disorder Diagnosis.

Introduction: Fragility fractures can be substantially life-altering with notable effects on patient well-being and mental health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of developing a new mental disorder diagnosis within 2 years following osteoporotic fragility fracture.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a large national insurance claims database.

Viral microRNA regulation of Akt is necessary for reactivation of Human Cytomegalovirus from latency in CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells and humanized mice.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) actively manipulates cellular signaling pathways to benefit viral replication. Phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling is an important negative regulator of HCMV replication, and during lytic infection the virus utilizes pUL38 to limit Akt phosphorylation and activity. During latency, PI3K/Akt signaling also limits virus replication, but how this is overcome at the time of reactivation is unknown.

Plant-microbe interactions in tropical and subtropical ecosystems.

Microbes regulate many dimensions of plant performance with multiscale implications for plant fitness, competition, coexistence, and ecosystem functioning. Yet, this fascinating and diverse arena of study has been limited to a few thematic areas, ecosystems, and regions. In particular, despite growing evidence that microbes may be critical players in the dynamics of plant communities in tropical and subtropical ecosystems, these regions remain poorly represented in studies of plant-microbe interactions.

Strengths-Based Assessment and Inclusive Language for Patients With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

Pediatric dermatology patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and comorbid cutaneous conditions often face barriers to effective healthcare due to differences in communication preferences and sensitivities to environmental factors. The clinical intake process serves as a potential intervention point to help better understand and meet patients' needs. Strengths-based assessment and considerations around identity-first versus person-first language are tools that can improve the clinical intake process in pediatric dermatology.

Pancreatic Eosinophilic Infiltrates of Infants of Diabetic Mothers Revisited.

Infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) frequently show eosinophilic infiltrates around the pancreatic islets. We review 2 IDM, describe the pancreatic histology and review the literature. Two term IDM died at 1 h and 43 days respectively.

Takeout or delivery? Reoperation rates in lower extremity long bone osteomyelitis treated with debridement and local antibiotic delivery systems.

Background: Early diagnosis and treatment of osteomyelitis is essential to prevent potential complications including sepsis, extensive bone resection, amputation, and death. Despite current treatment strategies for management of osteomyelitis, recurrence rates reported in the literature are upwards of 25 %. Current evidence comparing the efficacy of differing surgical treatments of osteomyelitis is inconclusive.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Cholesteatoma Diagnosis and Treatment.

Objectives: This investigation aimed to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on treatment delays and the severity of initial disease presentation in cholesteatoma patients treated in the prepandemic and pandemic periods.

Methods:  This retrospective cohort study was of patients who underwent primary surgical management of cholesteatoma between October 2018 and December 2021, split between the prepandemic (October 2018 to February 2020) and pandemic (April 2020 to December 2021) time periods. Data collected included time from referral to otology clinic visit, time of diagnosis, and time of surgical interventions.

Unraveling the link between language barriers and cancer risk.

Purpose: Clear patient communication with the physician is an integral aspect of cancer treatment and successful health outcomes. Previous research has shown improved cancer screening in cases of patient navigator assistance to limited English proficient patients, but no research has analyzed the relationship between language isolation and cancer incidence rates in the United States.

Methods: Using state-level data from the United States Census Bureau and the National Cancer Institute, we analyzed the correlations between language isolation and age-adjusted incidence rates across 19 different invasive cancers.

Assessing Attitudes and Perceptions of Unconscious Bias Experienced by Surgical Oncology Fellows.

Background: Racial and ethnic minorities remain underrepresented in the surgical workforce with well-documented barriers to diversity and inclusion, including financial support, lack of mentorship, and high attrition rates. Recent literature has documented race and sex discrimination in the training of surgical residents but little is known about the experience of discrimination at the surgical fellowship level. The goal of our study was to assess attitudes and perceptions of unconscious bias experienced during surgical oncology fellowship training at our institution.

Bark water vapor conductance varies among temperate forest tree species and is affected by flooding and stem bending.

Bark water vapor conductance (gbark) modulates forest transpiration during droughts, when leaf transpiration is highly reduced. If disturbances such as windstorms and floods impact gbark, they could affect tree performance during subsequent droughts. Bark traits, particularly lenticel traits, likely drive variation in gbark and may influence the effects of disturbances on gbark.

Intrathecal Fentanyl Pump Placement in a Patient With Chronic Pain Caused by Hereditary Multiple Exostoses: A Case Report.

Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) is a genetic disorder defined by the formation of benign bone tumors known as exostoses, which can lead to chronic pain and functional impairment. This case report details a 57-year-old man with a long-standing history of severe diffuse bone pain attributed to HME. Despite various treatments, his pain remained poorly controlled until an intrathecal pump with fentanyl was implanted.

Cervical Epidural Steroid Injection for Cervical Radicular Pain in a Patient with Fractured Cervical Hardware.

Cervical radicular pain following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a challenging condition, particularly in the presence of hardware complications. This case report discusses the successful use of a cervical interlaminar steroid injection to alleviate radicular pain in a patient who presented with a fractured screw following C6/7 ACDF. The patient's symptoms, treatment plan, and outcome are reviewed, highlighting the success of an interlaminar steroid injection in managing radicular pain until the patient could receive corrective surgery.

Association of Unmet Social Needs With Disease-Related Outcomes in Pediatric Patients With Sickle Cell Disease.

Background: Social determinants of health (SDoH) are socioeconomic factors that influence health and well-being, though when unmet can greatly contribute to health disparities. Individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at increased risk of mortality, disability, and healthcare utilization. However, there are limited data linking specific social needs with disease outcomes in this population.

Modeling nasal septal flap repair of an anterior skull base defect: A pilot simulation study.

Simulation models have utility in rehearsal of endoscopic skull base repair with a nasoseptal flap. Trainee confidence, technical skill, and repair quality saw significant improvement in this study.

Analyzing sorbitol biosynthesis using a metabolic network flux model of a lichenized strain of the green microalga .

a unicellular terrestrial microalga found either free-living or in association with lichenized fungi, protects itself from desiccation by synthesizing and accumulating low-molecular-weight carbohydrates such as sorbitol. The metabolism of this algal species and the interplay of sorbitol biosynthesis with its growth, light absorption, and carbon dioxide fixation are poorly understood. Here, we used a recently available genome assembly for to develop a metabolic flux model and analyze the alga's metabolic capabilities, particularly, for sorbitol biosynthesis.

Factors associated with PrEP awareness and use among men who have sex with men who use drugs in the Southern United States.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) dramatically reduces HIV transmission risk. PrEP is underutilized among men who have sex with men who use substances (SU-MSM) in the Southern U.S.

Implementing Precision Medicine for Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Insights from The DCM Consortium.

Background: Clinical genetic evaluation of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is implemented variably or not at all. Identifying needs and barriers to genetic evaluations will enable strategies to enhance precision medicine care.

Methods: An online survey was conducted in June 2024 among cardiologist investigators of the DCM Consortium from US advanced heart failure/transplant (HF/TX) programs to collect demographics, training, program characteristics, genetic evaluation practices for DCM, and implementation needs.

Digital divide: Differences between digital access, preference, and use among parents of pediatric research participants.

Objective: Healthcare delivery and research are moving increasingly towards digital engagement, which could inequitably exclude some populations due to differential technology access and uptake. We sought to evaluate study-related digital access, preferences, and use among parents of patients with Medicaid insurance enrolled in research in a pediatric emergency department (ED).

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis within a randomized trial at an academic pediatric ED.

3,5,6-Tri-chloro-pyridin-2-ol.

The title compound, CHClNO, is almost planar. In the crystal, the mol-ecules form centrosymmetric hydrogen-bonded dimers through pairwise O-H⋯N inter-actions to generate (8) loops.

Disparities in disaster healthcare: A review through a pandemic lens.

Objective: To provide an overview of the literature on the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on healthcare disparities in various groups, in relation to social determinants of health (SDOH) and longstanding social disparities.

Design: The Disaster Preparedness and Response Committee of the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) addressed the impact of health disparities in disaster planning and response. A workgroup composed of seven physicians with academic and deployment disaster medicine experience was formed.

The role of nutrition-related clinical trials in informing dietary recommendations for health and treatment of diseases.

Dietary guidance is based on a robust evidence base that includes high-quality clinical trials, of which some have been designed to establish causal relationships between dietary interventions and ASCVD risk reduction. However, the complexity associated with conducting these trials has resulted in criticism of nutrition and dietary recommendations because the strength and quality of evidence falls short of that for some pharmaceutical interventions. In this paper, we aim to promote greater awareness of the nutrition-related clinical trials that have been conducted showing ASCVD benefits and how this evidence has contributed to dietary recommendations.

Diagnostic yield and therapeutic implications of vascular imaging in acute ischemic stroke: prospective and consecutive study of small vessel versus large vessel ischemia.

Introduction: To evaluate patients acute cerebral ischemia in order to assess for factors which may help to differentiate patients with small vessel involvement from those with large vessel involvement in an effort to determine diagnostic yield of vascular imaging.

Material And Method: We prospectively and consecutively evaluated all acute ischemic stroke patients at our medical center from May 16, 2021 to December 10, 2021. Distinction between small vessel and large vessel involvement was based upon clinical presentation, the results of brain imaging and either computed tomographic angiography, in the vast majority, or magnetic resonance angiography.

Reassignment of a junior synonym of Lepisosteus oculatus Winchell 1864 to L. platostomus Rafinesque 1820.

N/A.