Retinal toxicity of intravitreal 5-fluorouracil in silicone-filled rabbit eyes.

Objective: To determine the retinal toxicity of 5-fluorouracil, by means of electroretinography and histopathology, at different doses in vitrectomized rabbit eyes injected with silicone oil.

Design: A pre-clinical experimental study.

Place And Duration Of Study: The Louisiana State University Eye Center and the Department of Ophthalmology at the Tulane University Health Sciences Center, between June 1999 and May 2002.

Screening patients with the corneal navigator.

Purpose: To present a corneal topography screening device for the detection of corneal ectasias and various refractive procedures based on corneal topography patterns.

Methods: A database of corneal topography patterns were analyzed and used to "train" a neural network on nine different corneal topography patterns using nineteen corneal topography indices of corneal shape and power.

Results: Sample normal and corneal topographies were recognized correctly.

Intravitreal clindamycin and dexamethasone for toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis.

Background And Objective: To present a new method for the management of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis (TRC).

Methods: The patients were females ranging in age from 10 to 61 years (average 26.5).

Retinal toxicity of triamcinolone acetonide in silicone-filled eyes.

Objective: To determine the retinal toxicity of triamcinolone acetonide at different doses in vitrectomized, silicone-filled rabbit eyes.

Materials And Methods: Vitrectomy with silicone oil placement was performed in 32 rabbit eyes. A dosage of 1 mg/0.

Use of perfluorocarbon liquids, silicone oil, and 5-fluorouracil in the management of experimental PVR.

Purpose: To evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in combination with perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene (Vitreon), silicone oil, or a combination of silicone oil and Vitreon in a ratio of 3:2 in the management of experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Methods: Toxicity study. Seventy rabbit eyes underwent vitrectomy followed by intravitreal injection of 5-FU in doses of 800, 400, or 200 microg: Group 1, 5-FU alone; Group 2, 5-FU plus 1 mL Vitreon; Group 3, 5-FU plus 1 mL silicone oil; Group 4, 5-FU plus 0.

Treatment of viral diseases of the cornea and external eye.

Ocular virus infections remain an important cause of corneal and external disease. Herpes simplex, the most important, is easily treated when it is confined to the epithelium. New studies indicate that herpetic stromal disease and iritis are effectively treated with a combination of corticosteroid and antiviral without additional risk.

Evaluation of toxicity of intravitreal ceftazidime, vancomycin, and ganciclovir in a silicone oil-filled eye.

Purpose: To evaluate the toxicity of intravitreal drugs in an eye filled with silicone oil for prolonged internal retinal tamponade.

Methods: Vitrectomy was performed in 21 rabbit eyes, and the vitreous was replaced with silicone oil. Different concentrations of various drugs (ceftazidime, vancomycin, and ganciclovir) were injected intravitreally.

Fluorescence properties of a hydrophilic sensitizer in pigmented rats, rabbits, and monkeys.

Background And Objective: To evaluate fluorescence properties of mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6 (NPe6; Meija Seika Kaisha, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) photodynamic therapy, which allows real-time simultaneous imaging of choroidal and retinal vasculature during treatment without the addition of another dye.

Materials And Methods: Four pigmented rabbits, 4 pigmented rats, and 2 African green monkeys were administered intravenous injections of the NPe6 dye.

Prophylaxis of experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis after vitrectomy using ceftazidime in the irrigating solution.

Purpose: To test the efficacy of ceftazidime in irrigating solution during vitrectomy to prevent experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis.

Methods: Thirty-two rabbit eyes were divided into 6 groups. Vitrectomy using one of two different irrigating solutions was followed by intravitreal injection of P.

Ocular toxicity of intravitreal clarithromycin.

Objective: To investigate the ocular toxicity and clearance of intravitreal clarithromycin lactobionate (Klaricid) and to determine the highest nontoxic dose.

Materials And Methods: To evaluate toxicity, 24 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into six groups (four rabbits each). Rabbits were examined preoperatively and electroretinography (ERG) was performed.

Use of a macular buckle in the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Background And Objective: To evaluate a macular buckle for exudative choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).

Patients And Methods: Forty-two eyes with choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVM) secondary to ARMD underwent surgical placement of a macular buckle. A Gore-Tex strip (2.

Surgical chorioretinal venous anastomosis for ischemic central retinal vein occlusion.

Background And Purpose: To report results of a pilot study to create chorioretinal venous anastomosis (CRVA) in eyes with ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) via a pars plana approach.

Patients And Methods: Five eyes of 5 patients with ischemic CRVO underwent surgical CRVA. Following pars plana vitrectomy, the posterior hyaloid face was removed, and slit-like incisions were made with a microvitreoretinal blade adjacent to a major retinal vein in each quadrant.

Intraoperative complications of perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene: subretinal perfluorocarbon, retinal slippage and residual perfluorocarbon. Vitreon Study Group.

Background: An earlier analysis of postoperative complications of the perfluorocarbon liquid perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene (Vitreon) showed a low overall rate of posterior segment complications. A study was conducted to determine the incidence of specific intraoperative complications in a wide variety of vitreoretinal procedures performed by many different surgeons using Vitreon.

Methods: The records of consecutive patients enrolled in the Vitreon Collaborative Study were reviewed to determine the incidence of subretinal Vitreon, retinal slippage and residual Vitreon.

Reactivation of herpes virus after lamellar keratoplasty.

Purpose: To determine if lamellar keratoplasty in rabbits latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) would stimulate graft recipients to shed virus and induce viral-specific corneal lesions.

Methods: Rabbits latently infected with HSV-1 received lamellar allografts in one eye from normal uninfected rabbits and the contralateral eyes served as unoperated controls. Normal rabbits received lamellar grafts from rabbits latently infected with HSV-1.

The adjunctive use of perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene (Vitreon) in diabetic vitrectomy.

Objective: To evaluate the utility and efficacy of perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene in the management of retinal detachments secondary to severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Patients And Methods: Forty consecutive patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and retinal detachments were entered into the study at nine participating clinical centers. Perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene (Vitreon) was used as an adjunct to pars plana vitrectomy and membranectomy.

Cidofovir and experimental herpetic stromal disease.

Objective: To compare topical cidofovir with topical trifluridine for the prevention and treatment of herpes simplex type 1 stromal keratitis in rabbits.

Methods: The RE strain of herpes simplex virus 1 was injected into the central stroma of both eyes of New Zealand white rabbits. Two to 3 days after virus inoculation, the rabbits were randomized to treatment groups of 10 each and treated with 1% trifluridine administered 5 or 7 times a day, 1%, 0.

Corneal thickness measurements with the Topcon SP-2000P specular microscope and an ultrasound pachymeter.

Objective: To compare the reproducibility of measurements obtained with a new pachymetry instrument, the Topcon specular microscope (Topcon SP-2000P; Topcon America Corp, Paramus, NJ), with those obtained by ultrasound pachymetry.

Methods: Corneal thickness was measured in 40 eyes of 40 patients 3 times each with the Topcon SP-2000P and an ultrasound pachymeter (DGH 500, DGH Technology Inc, Exton, Pa) by 2 separate investigators. Comparisons included average thickness as measured by each instrument, average thickness for each instrument as measured by each investigator, and differences in thickness due to corneal abnormalities.

Diurnal fluctuations in corneal topography 10 years after radial keratotomy in the Prospective Evaluation of Radial Keratotomy Study.

Purpose: To correlate clinically observed fluctuations in manifest refraction, visual acuity, keratometry, and intraocular pressure (IOP) with changes in the anterior corneal surface as measured by videokeratography in patients 10 years after radial keratotomy (RK).

Setting: Four clinical centers in the United States that participated in the Prospective Evaluation of Radial Keratotomy (PERK) study.

Methods: Thirty-two eyes of 20 PERK patients who noted diurnal fluctuations in vision had clinical examination and videokeratography (TMS-1, Computed Anatomy Inc.

Intravitreal tPA and SF6 promote clearing of premacular subhyaloid hemorrhages in shaken and battered baby syndrome.

Background And Objective: Child abuse is a serious problem in many cultures. The ocular signs of shaken baby include intraretinal, subretinal, and preretinal hemorrhages. The hemorrhages may be unilateral or bilateral and are seen in 50% to 80% of patients.

Tolerance of extended-term vitreous replacement with perfluoro-n-octane and perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene mixture (phenoctane).

Purpose: To improve the surface visibility of perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene, we added various percentages of perfluoro-n-octane.

Methods: Twenty New Zealand white rabbit eyes underwent gas vitrectomy. One milliliter of balanced salt solution was injected into each Group 1 eye as control.

Experimental prophylaxis of Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis after vitrectomy: the use of antibiotics in irrigating solution.

Purpose: To test the efficacy of clindamycin and gentamicin in irrigating solution during vitrectomy to prevent experimental Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits were divided into six groups. Vitrectomy using two different irrigating solutions was followed by intravitreal injection of S.

Protection of corneal allografts by CTLA4-Ig.

Purpose: CTLA4, a high-affinity ligand of B7, can, in soluble form, prevent antigen-driven T-cell activation by blocking CD28-B7 interaction and can thereby prevent immune graft rejection. In this study, we tested the capacity of soluble CTLA4-Ig alone or in combination with UV-B irradiation to suppress corneal allograft rejection in rabbits.

Methods: Corneas from Dutch belted rabbits were incubated in corneal storage medium containing 0, 1, 10, 25, or 250 microg/ml of CTLA4-Ig for 18 h and were then transplanted into the vascularized or nonvascularized corneas of New Zealand White rabbit recipients.

Latanoprost increases the severity and recurrence of herpetic keratitis in the rabbit.

Purpose: To determine whether topically applied latanoprost increases the severity of acute herpes simplex keratitis, the rate of recurrence of herpes keratitis, or both, in the rabbit.

Methods: To determine the effect on severity of acute herpetic keratitis, the corneas of New Zealand white rabbits were infected with either the less-corticosteroid-sensitive McKrae strain or the corticosteroid-sensitive F(MP)E strain of herpes simplex virus type 1. Rabbits were randomly assigned to twice-a-day treatment with latanoprost 0.