24 results match your criteria: "Loughborough University Loughborough UK.[Affiliation]"
Substrate composition has been widely recognised as a primary variable shaping lotic macroinvertebrate communities at the habitat unit level. However, fundamental understanding of how communities inhabiting mineralogical habitats (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Extracell Biol
August 2024
School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University Loughborough UK.
J Extracell Biol
October 2023
Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers Location AMC, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Cell culture-conditioned medium (CCM) is a valuable source of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for basic scientific, therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Cell culturing parameters affect the biochemical composition, release and possibly the function of CCM-derived EVs (CCM-EV). The CCM-EV task force of the Rigor and Standardization Subcommittee of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles aims to identify relevant cell culturing parameters, describe their effects based on current knowledge, recommend reporting parameters and identify outstanding questions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe development of ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) has transformed analytical science, providing the means of performing rapid analysis of samples in their native state, both in and out of the laboratory. The capacity to eliminate sample preparation and pre-MS separation techniques, leading to true real-time analysis, has led to AIMS naturally gaining a broad interest across the scientific community. Since the introduction of the first AIMS techniques in the mid-2000s, the field has exploded with dozens of novel ion sources, an array of intriguing applications, and an evident growing interest across diverse areas of study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnergy Environ Sci
January 2024
Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
Despite the rapid rise in the performance of a variety of perovskite optoelectronic devices with vertical charge transport, the effects of ion migration remain a common and longstanding Achilles' heel limiting the long-term operational stability of lead halide perovskite devices. However, there is still limited understanding of the impact of tin (Sn) substitution on the ion dynamics of lead (Pb) halide perovskites. Here, we employ scan-rate-dependent current-voltage measurements on Pb and mixed Pb-Sn perovskite solar cells to show that short circuit current losses at lower scan rates, which can be traced to the presence of mobile ions, are present in both kinds of perovskites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite lotic systems demonstrating high levels of seasonal and spatial variability, most research and biomonitoring practices do not consider seasonality when interpreting results and are typically focused at the meso-scale (combined pool/riffle samples) rather than considering habitat patch dynamics. We therefore sought to determine if the sampling season (spring, summer and autumn) influenced observed macroinvertebrate biodiversity, structure and function at the habitat unit scale (determined by substrate composition), and if this in turn influenced the assessment of fine sediment (sand and silt) pressures. We found that biodiversity supported at the habitat level was not seasonally consistent with the contribution of nestedness and turnover in structuring communities varying seasonally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch in sport and exercise science (SES) is reliant on robust analyses of biomarker measurements to assist with the interpretation of physiological outcomes. Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical approach capable of highly sensitive, specific, precise, and accurate analyses of a range of biomolecules, many of which are of interest in SES including, but not limited to, endogenous metabolites, exogenously administered compounds (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe carnivorous pitcher plant is native to North America, but has been introduced into Europe, where it is now widespread. Understanding of how this species functions in its non-native range is limited. We measured pitcher morphology and prey capture by in its non-native range in Britain and Ireland.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Soil nutrient pools in the dry low Arctic are likely to be released under climatic change and this bioavailability has the potential to increase both terrestrial and aquatic productions. As well as the direct effect of warming, external disturbances such as nutrient deposition and grazing can also drive ecosystem change. This study in the low Arctic Kangerlussuaq area of southwest Greenland compared soil nutrient pools in terms of both topographic position on a catena and by soil depth in two small catchments with contrasting muskox abundance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeasonal precipitation forecasting is highly challenging for the northwest fringes of Europe due to complex dynamical drivers. Hybrid dynamical-statistical approaches offer potential to improve forecast skill. Here, hindcasts of mean sea level pressure (MSLP) from two dynamical systems (GloSea5 and SEAS5) are used to derive two distinct sets of indices for forecasting winter (DJF) and summer (JJA) precipitation over lead-times of 1-4 months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Computer vision can measure movement from video without the time and access limitations of hospital accelerometry/electromyography or the requirement to hold or strap a smartphone accelerometer.
Objective: To compare computer vision measurement of hand tremor frequency from smartphone video with a gold standard measure accelerometer.
Methods: A total of 37 smartphone videos of hands, at rest and in posture, were recorded from 15 participants with tremor diagnoses (9 Parkinson's disease, 5 essential tremor, 1 functional tremor).
Tijdschr Econ Soc Geogr
September 2021
School of Social Sciences and Humanities Loughborough University Loughborough UK.
As the volume of digital data is growing exponentially and computational methods are advancing rapidly, network analysis is an increasingly important analytical tool to understand social life. This paper revisits the rich history of network analysis in geography and uses insights from that history to review contemporary computational social science. Based on that analysis, we synthesize the distinctive qualities of what we term geographical network analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging in tissue engineering as promising acellular tools, circumventing many of the limitations associated with cell-based therapies. Epigenetic regulation through histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition has been shown to increase differentiation capacity. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential of augmenting osteoblast epigenetic functionality using the HDAC inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of osteoblast-derived EVs for bone regeneration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 250-year (1766-2016) archive of reconstructed river flows is presented for 51 catchments across Ireland. By leveraging meteorological data rescue efforts with gridded precipitation and temperature reconstructions, we develop monthly river flow reconstructions using the GR2M hydrological model and an Artificial Neural Network. Uncertainties in reconstructed flows associated with hydrological model structure and parameters are quantified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Technol Biotechnol
April 2021
Centre for Biological Engineering, School of AACME, Chemical Engineering Department Loughborough University Loughborough UK.
Background: Traditional large-scale culture systems for human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) use solid microcarriers as attachment substrates. Although the use of such substrates is advantageous because of the high surface-to-volume ratio, cell harvest from the same substrates is a challenge as it requires enzymatic treatment, often combined with agitation. Here, we investigated a two-phase system for expansion and non-enzymatic recovery of hMSCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistorical precipitation records are fundamental for the management of water resources, yet rainfall observations typically span 100-150 years at most, with considerable uncertainties surrounding earlier records. Here, we analyse some of the longest available precipitation records globally, for England and Wales, Scotland and Ireland. To assess the credibility of these records and extend them further back in time, we statistically reconstruct (using independent predictors) monthly precipitation series representing these regions for the period 1748-2000.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClimate and environmental condition drive biodiversity at many levels of biological organization, from populations to ecosystems. Combined with paleoecological reconstructions, palaeogenetic information on resident populations provides novel insights into evolutionary trajectories and genetic diversity driven by environmental variability. While temporal observations of changing genetic structure are often made of sexual populations, little is known about how environmental change affects the long-term fate of asexual lineages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
July 2020
Research Centre for Carbon Solutions (RCCS), Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
To improve the CO adsorption on the photocatalyst, which is an essential step for CO photoreduction, solid solutions were fabricated using a facile calcination treatment at 900 °C. Using various alkalis, namely NaOH, NaCO, KOH, KCO, the resulted samples presented a much higher CO adsorption capacity, which was measured with the pulse injection of CO on the temperature programmed desorption workstation, compared to the pristine Evonik P25. As a result, all of the fabricated solid solutions produced higer yield of CO under UV light irradiation due to the increased basicity of the solid solutions even though they possessed only the rutile polymorph of TiO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The loss of efficiency and performance of bioprocesses on scale-up is well known, but not fully understood. This work addresses this problem, by studying the effect of some fermentation gradients (pH, glucose and oxygen) that occur at the larger scale in a bench-scale two-compartment reactor [plug flow reactor (PFR) + stirred tank reactor (STR)] using the cadaverine-producing recombinant DM1945 Δact3 Ptuf-ldcC_OPT. The new scale-down strategy developed here studied the effect of increasing the magnitude of fermentation gradients by considering not only the average cell residence time in the PFR ( ), but also the mean frequency at which the bacterial cells entered the PFR ( ) section of the two-compartment reactor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Climatol
January 2020
Irish Climate Analysis and Research UnitS (ICARUS), Department of Geography Maynooth University Maynooth Ireland.
Globally, few precipitation records extend to the 18th century. The England Wales Precipitation (EWP) series is a notable exception with continuous monthly records from 1766. EWP has found widespread use across diverse fields of research including trend detection, evaluation of climate model simulations, as a proxy for mid-latitude atmospheric circulation, a predictor in long-term European gridded precipitation data sets, the assessment of drought and extremes, tree-ring reconstructions and as a benchmark for other regional series.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Resour Res
February 2019
Flood Relief and Risk Management Division, Office of Public Works Trim Ireland.
This study develops a coherent framework to detect those catchment types associated with a high risk of maladaptation to future flood risk. Using the "scenario-neutral" approach to impact assessment the sensitivity of Irish catchments to fluvial flooding is examined in the context of national climate change allowances. A predefined sensitivity domain is used to quantify flood responses to +2 °C mean annual temperature with incremental changes in the seasonality and mean of the annual precipitation cycle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndividuals with obesity do not represent a single homogenous group in terms of cardio-metabolic health prospects. The concept of metabolically healthy obesity is a crude way of capturing this heterogeneity and has resulted in a plethora of research linking to future outcomes to show that it is not a benign condition. By contrast, very few studies have looked back in time and modelled the life course processes and exposures that explain the heterogeneity in cardio-metabolic health and morbidity and mortality risk among people with the same body mass index (BMI) (or waist circumference or percentage body fat).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcute alcohol intoxication during encoding can impair subsequent identification accuracy, but results across studies have been inconsistent, with studies often finding no effect. Little is also known about how alcohol intoxication affects the identification confidence-accuracy relationship. We randomly assigned women ( = 153) to consume alcohol (dosed to achieve a 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF