Elucidation of the Role of SHMT2 in L-Serine Homeostasis in Hypoxic Hepa1-6 Cells.

Hypoxia is a characteristic feature of malignancy; however, its effect on metabolism remains unclear. In this study, Hepa1-6 cells were cultured under hypoxic conditions and their metabolites were analyzed. Elevated levels of L-serine along with increased glycolytic activity are prominent features of hypoxia.

Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential-Based Brain-Computer Interface System for Enhanced Human Activity Monitoring and Assessment.

Advances in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have enabled direct and functional connections between human brains and computing systems. Recent developments in artificial intelligence have also significantly improved the ability to detect brain activity patterns. In particular, using steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) in BCIs has enabled noticeable advances in human activity monitoring and identification.

A Novel Panorama Depth Estimation Framework for Autonomous Driving Scenarios Based on a Vision Transformer.

An accurate panorama depth estimation result is crucial to risk perception in autonomous driving practice. In this paper, an innovative framework is presented to address the challenges of imperfect observation and projection fusion in panorama depth estimation, enabling the accurate capture of distances from surrounding images in driving scenarios. First, the Patch Filling method is proposed to alleviate the imperfect observation of panoramic depth in autonomous driving scenarios, which constructs a panoramic depth map based on the sparse distance data provided by the 3D point cloud.

In-utero exposure to real-life environmental chemicals disrupts gene expression within the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis of prepubertal and adult rams.

Environmental chemicals (ECs) have been associated with a broad range of disorders and diseases. Daily exposure to various ECs in the environment, or real-life exposure, has raised significant public health concerns. Utilizing the biosolids-treated pasture (BTP) sheep model, this study demonstrates that in-utero exposure to a real-life EC mixture disrupts hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis gene expression and reproductive traits in prepubertal (8-week-old, 8w) and adult (11-month-old) male sheep.

Neuroimaging and perceptual-cognitive expertise in sport: A narrative review of research and future directions.

Perceptual-cognitive expertise is crucial in domains that require rapid extraction of information for anticipation (e.g., sport, aviation, warfighting).

Device-Measured 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Blood Pressure: A 6-Part Compositional Individual Participant Data Analysis in the ProPASS Consortium.

Background: Blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects of structured exercise are well-established. Effects of 24-hour movement behaviors captured in free-living settings have received less attention. This cross-sectional study investigated associations between a 24-hour behavior composition comprising 6 parts (sleeping, sedentary behavior, standing, slow walking, fast walking, and combined exercise-like activity [eg, running and cycling]) and systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP).

Primary School Pupils' Perceptions and Experiences of Wearable Technologies.

Background: Wearable technologies offer new opportunities to address in-school physical inactivity. However, children are often excluded from discussing issues which directly impact them, including the use of wearable technologies in a school setting. Thus, the aim of this study is to understand primary school pupils' experiences and perceptions of using wearable physical activity monitoring technologies within schools.

The proportion of weight gain due to change in fat mass in infants with vs without rapid growth.

Background: There is extensive evidence that rapid infant weight gain increases the risk of childhood obesity, but this is normally based on childhood body mass index (BMI) only and whether or not this is because infants with rapid weight gain accrue greater fat mass is unknown.

Objective: The primary objective of our study was to test whether the proportion of infant weight gain due to concurrent increases in fat mass is greater in infants with rapid weight gain as compared to those with normal growth.

Methods: Body composition was assessed by (1) air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) at 0 and 6 months in 342 infants from Australia, India, and South Africa and (2) deuterium dilution (DD) at 3 and 24 months in 555 infants from Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa, and Sri Lanka.

Government Support, Community Recreation Facilities, and Physical Activity in China: A Cross-Sectional Socioecological Analysis.

Background: In the context of rising noncommunicable diseases, Chinese authorities emphasize the need for local governments to provide public sports services to support physical activity (PA).

Methods: Employing a socioecological theoretical framework, and drawing on a hierarchical data set synthesized from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, China Stock Market & Accounting Research Database, and Wind Financial Terminal from 2015, a multilevel analysis of the association between provincial government expenditure on culture, sports, and media from 12 provinces, the recreation facilities provided by 287 communities, and PA of n = 10,305 individuals is performed. The number of, and time allocated to, PAs undertaken as well as their METs equivalent in relation to World Health Organization guidelines are investigated.

Core-Temperature Responses at the 3-km World Aquatics Open-Water Swimming Masters Championships in Doha 2024.

Purpose: This study aimed to characterize core-temperature (Tc) responses of swimmers competing at the 2024 3-km World Aquatics Masters Open Water Swimming Championships.

Methods: Within a cross-sectional observational study design, swimmers (n = 48 [23 male, 25 female]) ingested a telemetric Tc pill 4 hours before their race. Water temperatures were 20.

Investigating serum concentration profiles of orally ingested short-chain fatty acid supplements.

Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are naturally-occurring short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from bacterial metabolism of dietary fibre and have been associated with numerous positive health outcomes. All three acids have been shown to offer unique physiological and metabolic effects and, therefore, could be targeted for co-ingestion as part of a nutritional/medicinal plan. However, a better understanding of the outcomes of supplementing in combination on circulating concentration profiles is necessary to confirm uptake efficacy.

Transport starter data kit: Historical passenger and freight transport data for selected countries in Africa, Asia, and South America.

The demand for data-driven models to inform sustainable transportation planning has become more important as countries address the complexities of urban mobility. However, data collection and curation are time-consuming and can be challenging due to data inaccessibility and inaccuracy. The Transport Starter Data Kit therefore aims to address these challenges, offering a one-stop-shop for transport modelling-related data.

On the engineering of higher-order Van Hove singularities in two dimensions.

The properties of correlated electron materials are often intricately linked to Van Hove singularities (VHS) in the vicinity of the Fermi energy. The class of these VHS is of great importance, with higher-order ones-with power-law divergence in the density of states-leaving frequently distinct signatures in physical properties. We use a new theoretical method to detect and analyse higher-order VHS (HOVHS) in two-dimensional materials and apply it to the electronic structure of the surface layer of SrRuO.

An open and lite technoeconomic dataset and assumptions for open energy, emissions and mitigation modeling in the Republic of South Africa.

This article provides a large-scale dataset for South African energy system modeling intended to aid long-term energy planning. The dataset, which is accessible on Zenodo, contains comprehensive data on installed capacity, resource potentials, historical and projected electricity production and consumption, capacity factors, and capital, fixed, and variable costs. The data was rigorously collected from national institutions, international organizations, and scholarly journals and organized into an easy-to-use Excel workbook.

The effects of acute caffeine ingestion on decision-making and pass accuracy in young soccer players: A preliminary randomized controlled trial.

Caffeine has been shown to benefit physical aspects of different sports. In this paper, we aimed to understand the effects of caffeine on decision-making and the accuracy of soccer passes. Twelve young soccer players (16-17 years old and 20.

Effects of burning on vegetation, soil physicochemistry and prokaryotic microbial communities in surface and subsurface peat.

Prescribed burning is a common management strategy in peatlands that has the potential to affect soil physicochemistry, alter biogeochemical cycles and trigger changes in vegetation structure. How burning affects prokaryotic community composition across different soil profiles is not well understood. This study explored the effects of prescribed burning on the diversity of prokaryotic communities in peat soils.

Fluorinated -Heterocyclic Carbene Silver(I) Complexes with High Cancer Cell Selectivity.

This work presents the synthesis of five new functionalized (benz)imidazolium -heterocyclic (NHC) ligands () and four new (benz)imidazole silver(I) NHC (Ag(I)-NHC) complexes of mononuclear or binuclear type. The complexes have been fully characterized, including single crystal X-ray diffraction of three new structures. The complexes and their corresponding free NHC ligands have been screened against breast cancer and noncancerous cell lines, showing the mononuclear benzimidazole complex has the highest activity, while the binuclear benzimidazole complex has the highest cancer cell selectivity.

Unraveling the redox code to improve physiological research in human health and disease.

Redox reactions, involving electron transfer, are critical to human physiology. However, progress in understanding redox metabolism is hindered by flawed analytical methods. This review highlights emerging techniques that promise to revolutionize redox research, enhancing our comprehension of human health and disease.