Restoring cefepime activity against multidrug-resistant KPC-producing by combination with boronic acid inhibitors, MB076 and S02030.

Foremost in the design of new β-lactamase inhibitors (BLIs) are the boronic acid transition state inhibitors (BATSIs). Two highly potent BATSIs being developed are S02030 and MB076 strategically designed to be active against cephalosporinases and carbapenemases, especially KPC. When combined with cefepime, S02030 and MB076 demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against laboratory and clinical strains of expressing a variety of class A and class C β-lactamases, including and .

Association between governmental spending on social services and health care use among low-income older adults.

Prior research demonstrates that local government spending on social policies, excluding health care, is linked to improved population health. Whether such spending is associated with better access to primary care and reduced acute care utilization remains unclear. In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the associations between county-level social spending and individual-level health care utilization among low-income Medicare beneficiaries, aged ≥65 years, from 2016 to 2018.

Sudden cardiac death associated with fatty liver disease.

Background: Fatty liver disease or steatotic liver disease (SLD) affects 25% of the global population and has been associated with heart disease. However, there is a lack of postmortem studies in the context of sudden cardiac death (SCD).

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between SLD and SCD.

One hundred thirty-four germ line PU.1 variants and the agammaglobulinemic patients carrying them.

Leukopoiesis is lethally arrested in mice lacking the master transcriptional regulator PU.1. Depending on the animal model, subtotal PU.

Species and Their Associations with Chaparral and Oak Woodland Vegetation in Southern California.

Evidence of unintended introductions of species into native habitats has become increasingly prevalent in California. If not managed adequately, species can become devastating agricultural and forest plant pathogens. Additionally, California's natural areas, characterized by a Mediterranean climate and dominated by chaparral (evergreen, drought-tolerant shrubs) and oak woodlands, lack sufficient baseline knowledge on biology and ecology, hindering effective management efforts.

Ferns as facilitators of community recovery following biotic upheaval.

The competitive success of ferns has been foundational to hypotheses about terrestrial recolonization following biotic upheaval, from wildfires to the Cretaceous-Paleogene asteroid impact (66 million years ago). Rapid fern recolonization in primary successional environments has been hypothesized to be driven by ferns' high spore production and wind dispersal, with an emphasis on their competitive advantages as so-called disaster taxa. We propose that a competition-based view of ferns is outdated and in need of reexamination in light of growing research documenting the importance of positive interactions (i.

Demographic disparities in access to COVID-19 clinical trial sites across the United States: a geospatial analysis.

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, underserved populations, such as racial and ethnic minority communities, were disproportionately impacted by illness and death. Ensuring people from diverse backgrounds have the ability to participate in clinical trials is key to advancing health equity. We sought to analyze the spatial variability in locations of COVID-19 trials sites and to test associations with demographic correlates.

The Heterogeneous Presentations of De Novo and Recurrent Ocular Inflammation following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Multi-Center Report and a Review of the Literature.

Purpose: To describe the patterns of ocular inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination, assess underlying commonalities and understand outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective, multicenter cohort study, conducted between 2020 and 2021. Patients with no previous uveitis history (de novo) or a known uveitis history (recurrent) who developed ocular inflammation within 42 days of COVID-19 vaccination were identified.

Social Networks, Health Support, and Dietary Intake in Mothers Receiving Home Visiting Services.

Home visiting programs (HVPs) provide services to pregnant individuals and parents of young children to improve families' health and well-being. However, little is known about these families' social contexts. This study explores the social networks and dietary intake of mothers enrolled in a HVP, focusing on health support and health undermining.

Incidence Rates and Risks for Reoperations for Nonunion and Adjacent Level Disease: Stopping at L1 versus T10/T11/12.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To determine if there is a difference in reoperations for adjacent segment disease (operative ASD) and nonunion (operative nonunion) in lumbar fusions that stop at T10/T11/T12 versus L1.

Summary Of Background Data: Current lumbar spine surgery is based on the belief that ASD occurs if fusions are stopped at L1 although there is varying evidence to support this assumption.

Outcomes and predictors of unplanned intensive care unit admission for pediatric trauma patients.

Background: Unplanned intensive care unit (ICU) admission (UIA) is associated with increased morbidity in adult trauma patients, however, is not well studied in pediatric trauma patients (PTPs). We sought to identify predictors of UIA, hypothesizing PTPs with UIA have increased odds of mortality.

Methods: The 2017-2019 Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) database was queried for PTPs ≤16-years-old admitted to non-ICU level of care.

County socioeconomic status and premature mortality from cancer in the United States.

Introduction: There are consistent data demonstrating socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with cancer survivorship among older adults, but research on the relationship between area-level SES and risk of premature mortality from cancer remains not well understood. This study investigated the association between county-level SES and premature mortality from cancer.

Methods: Demographic characteristics and causes of death were ascertained from the national death certificate data for years 2016-2020.

Exploring treatment-driven subclonal evolution of prognostic triple biomarkers: Dual gene fusions and chimeric RNA variants in novel subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia patients with KMT2A rearrangement.

Chromosomal rearrangements (CR) initiate leukemogenesis in approximately 50 % of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients; however, limited targeted therapies exist due to a lack of accurate molecular and genetic biomarkers of refractory mechanisms during treatment. Here, we investigated the pathological landscape of treatment resistance and relapse in 16 CR-AML patients by monitoring cytogenetic, RNAseq, and genome-wide changes among newly diagnosed, refractory, and relapsed AML. First, in FISH-diagnosed KMT2A (MLL gene, 11q23)/AFDN (AF6, 6q27)-rearrangement, RNA-sequencing identified an unknown CCDC32 (15q15.

The association of state policies and opioid analgesic amount dispensed from retail pharmacies.

Importance: States have implemented multiple policies likely to influence opioid prescribing; few national general population studies examine those policies' effects on per-capita opioid morphine milligram equivalents (MME) dispensed.

Objective: To examine state policies' effects on opioids per-capita MMEs dispensed at retail pharmacies.

Design: A longitudinal study of associations between MME per capita and implementation of policy interventions at different times across states.

Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Long-Acting Broadly Neutralizing HIV-1 Monoclonal Antibody VRC07523LS in Newborn Infants Exposed to HIV-1.

Background: Vertical HIV-1 transmission despite antiretroviral therapy may be mitigated by use of long-acting, broadly neutralizing, monoclonal antibodies (bNAb) such as VRC07523LS. The present study was designed to determine the safety and pharmacokinetics of VRC07523LS.

Methods: VRC07523LS, 80 mg/dose, was administered subcutaneously after birth to non-breastfed (Cohort 1; N=11, enrolled in USA) and breastfed (Cohort 2; N=11, enrolled in South Africa and Zimbabwe) infants exposed to HIV-1.

Medusa's gaze: Cell traces and fibrils but no collagen in permineralized Jurassic ichthyosaur bone.

Bone is formed by specialized cells whose activity allows bone to grow, change shape, and repair itself. Its composite structure of collagen fibrils and bioapatite nanocrystals gives bone exceptional mechanical strength. Using scanning electron microscopy, we show in fossil ichthyosaurs, 150 to 200 million years old, from the Jurassic of France and the UK, abundant and direct evidence of cellular activity on the fossilized forming, resting, and resorbing surfaces of bone trabeculae, as well as bone fibrils, Sharpey fibers, and cartilage fibers.

Hand dominance shift during sleep in sexsomnia: a clue to pathophysiology?

Study Objectives: To elucidate whether awake handedness in sexsomnia is retained during sleep to uncover potential clues about the underlying neurophysiologic mechanisms.

Methods: Participants' and observers' self-reported handedness during sexsomnia events.

Results: Case 1: A 22 y/o right-handed female with an eight-year history of nocturnal sleep-related masturbatory behavior (SMB) involving the left hand (LH) exclusively.

Evaluating historical changes in a mussel bed community in northern California.

Marine foundation species are increasingly impacted by anthropogenic stressors, driving a loss of diversity within these critical habitats. Prior studies suggest that species diversity within mussel beds has declined precipitously in southern California, USA, but it is unclear whether a similar loss has occurred farther north. Here, we resurvey a mussel bed community in northern California first sampled in 1941 to evaluate changes in diversity after 78 years.

Intra-arterial tenecteplase after successful endovascular recanalisation in patients with acute posterior circulation arterial occlusion (ATTENTION-IA): multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To assess whether intra-arterial tenecteplase administered after successful endovascular recanalisation improves outcomes in patients with acute arterial occlusion of the posterior circulation.

Design: Multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Setting: 31 hospitals in China, 24 January 2023 to 24 August 2023.

Out-Of-Network Utilization and Plan Selection Among Medicare Advantage Cost Plan Enrollees.

Objective: To understand how Medicare Advantage (MA) networks impact utilization patterns and plan choices, using the 2019 discontinuation of MA 1876 Cost plans as a natural experiment.

Study Setting And Design: We study 1876 Cost plans, MA plans for which out-of-network care is covered through traditional Medicare (TM) and many of which CMS discontinued in 2019. We characterize the proportion of Cost plan enrollees who utilized out-of-network care in 2018 from different types of medical specialties.

Identifying genetic differences between bipolar disorder and major depression through multiple genome-wide association analyses.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of bipolar disorder (BPD) is difficult in clinical practice, with an average delay between symptom onset and diagnosis of about 7 years. A depressive episode often precedes the first manic episode, making it difficult to distinguish BPD from unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD).

Aims: We use genome-wide association analyses (GWAS) to identify differential genetic factors and to develop predictors based on polygenic risk scores (PRS) that may aid early differential diagnosis.

Soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 polymorphisms associated with severe-spectrum hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Background: sFLT-1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of HDP. We aimed to examine the role of maternal and fetal polymorphisms in risk of HDP and severe-spectrum disease.

Methods: Cases of HDP (143) and controls (169) from mother-baby dyads were recruited at the Los Angeles County Women's and Children's Hospital (WCH).

Estimating the Exposure-Response Relationship between Fine Mineral Dust Concentration and Coccidioidomycosis Incidence Using Speciated Particulate Matter Data: A Longitudinal Surveillance Study.

Background: Coccidioidomycosis, caused by inhalation of spp. spores, is an emerging infectious disease that is increasing in incidence throughout the southwestern US. The pathogen is soil-dwelling, and spore dispersal and human exposure are thought to co-occur with airborne mineral dust exposures, yet fundamental exposure-response relationships have not been conclusively estimated.