Metabolomic profiling of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet provides novel insights for the nutritional epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is inversely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk. Metabolic changes due to DASH adherence and their potential relationship with incident T2DM have not been described. The objective is to determine metabolite clusters associated with adherence to a DASH-like diet in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study cohort and explore if the clusters predicted 5-year incidence of T2DM.

Measurement of compensatory arterial remodelling over time with serial coronary computed tomography angiography and 3D metrics.

Aims: The magnitude of alterations in which coronary arteries remodel and narrow over time is not well understood. We aimed to examine changes in coronary arterial remodelling and luminal narrowing by three-dimensional (3D) metrics from serial coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

Methods And Results: From a multicentre registry of patients with suspected coronary artery disease who underwent clinically indicated serial CCTA (median interscan interval = 3.

Association of Tube Voltage With Plaque Composition on Coronary CT Angiography: Results From PARADIGM Registry.

Objectives: This study sought to investigate the impact of low tube voltage scanning heterogeneity of coronary luminal attenuation on plaque quantification and characterization with coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

Background: The impact of low tube voltage and coronary luminal attenuation on quantitative coronary plaque remains uncertain.

Methods: A total of 1,236 consecutive patients (age: 60 ± 9 years; 41% female) who underwent serial CCTA at an interval of ≥2 years were included from an international registry.

Association of Statin Treatment With Progression of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Composition.

Importance: The density of atherosclerotic plaque forms the basis for categorizing calcified and noncalcified morphology of plaques.

Objective: To assess whether alterations in plaque across a range of density measurements provide a more detailed understanding of atherosclerotic disease progression.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study enrolled 857 patients who underwent serial coronary computed tomography angiography 2 or more years apart and had quantitative measurements of coronary plaques throughout the entire coronary artery tree.

Adjuvant radiotherapy for atypical meningiomas is associated with improved progression free survival.

Purpose: To assess the progression-free survival benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) following surgical resection compared to surgery alone in high-grade meningioma patients.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 43 patients with atypical meningiomas, who underwent either radiotherapy post-surgical resection (Surgery+ART) or surgery alone (Surgery alone) at our institution between February 2007 to March 2019. GTR was achieved in 28 patients, and STR, in 11.

Kidney Injury Molecule-1 and Periostin Urinary Excretion and Tissue Expression Levels and Association with Glomerular Disease Outcomes.

Introductions: Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and periostin (POSTN) are proximal and distal tubule injury biomarkers. We tested whether baseline urine KIM-1/creatinine (uKIM-1/cr) and/or uPOSTN/cr correlated with disease severity or improved a remission prediction model.

Methods: Baseline uKIM1/cr and uPOSTN/cr were measured on spot urine samples from immunosuppression-free patients enrolled in Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network until December 15, 2014.

Haemoglobin as a biomarker for clinical outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

In COPD, anaemia is associated with increased morbidity, but the relationship between haemoglobin over its entire observed range and morbidity is poorly understood. Such an understanding could guide future therapeutic targeting of haemoglobin in COPD management. Leveraging the COPDGene study, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of haemoglobin from COPD participants, examining symptoms, quality of life, functional performance, and acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD).

Impact of Amerind ancestry and FADS genetic variation on omega-3 deficiency and cardiometabolic traits in Hispanic populations.

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) have critical signaling roles that regulate dyslipidemia and inflammation. Genetic variation in the FADS gene cluster accounts for a large portion of interindividual differences in circulating and tissue levels of LC-PUFAs, with the genotypes most strongly predictive of low LC-PUFA levels at strikingly higher frequencies in Amerind ancestry populations. In this study, we examined relationships between genetic ancestry and FADS variation in 1102 Hispanic American participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Temporal change in inflammatory biomarkers and risk of cardiovascular events: the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Aims: Little is known about the association of temporal changes in inflammatory biomarkers and the risk of death and cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to evaluate the association between temporal changes in C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and risk of heart failure (HF), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and all-cause mortality in individuals without a history of prior CVD.

Methods And Results: Participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort with repeated measures of inflammatory biomarkers and no CVD event prior to the second measure were included.

Adolescent alcohol use predicts cannabis use over a three year follow-up period.

Alcohol and cannabis use frequently co-occur, which can result in problems from social and academic impairment to dependence (i.e., alcohol use disorder [AUD] and/or cannabis use disorder [CUD]).

Association between Psychiatric Disorders and Glomerular Disease.

Introduction: Patients with chronic health conditions, particularly chronic kidney disease, are at heightened risk for psychiatric disorders; yet, there are limited data on those with primary glomerular disease.

Methods: This study included patients with glomerular disease enrolled in the kidney research network multisite patient registry. Registry data include encounter, diagnoses, medication, laboratory, and vital signs data extracted from participants' electronic health records.

Scope and heterogeneity of outcomes reported in randomized trials in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis.

Background: Randomized trials can provide evidence to inform decision-making but this may be limited if the outcomes of importance to patients and clinicians are omitted or reported inconsistently. We aimed to assess the scope and heterogeneity of outcomes reported in trials in peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods: We searched the Cochrane Kidney and Transplant Specialized Register for randomized trials in PD.

Corrigendum to "Gender and Ethnicity Based Differences in Clinical and Laboratory Features of Myasthenia Gravis".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2015/197893.].

A multi-ethnic epigenome-wide association study of leukocyte DNA methylation and blood lipids.

Here we examine the association between DNA methylation in circulating leukocytes and blood lipids in a multi-ethnic sample of 16,265 subjects. We identify 148, 35, and 4 novel associations among Europeans, African Americans, and Hispanics, respectively, and an additional 186 novel associations through a trans-ethnic meta-analysis. We observe a high concordance in the direction of effects across racial/ethnic groups, a high correlation of effect sizes between high-density lipoprotein and triglycerides, a modest overlap of associations with epigenome-wide association studies of other cardio-metabolic traits, and a largely non-overlap with lipid loci identified to date through genome-wide association studies.

Gene Set Enrichment Analsyes Identify Pathways Involved in Genetic Risk for Diabetic Retinopathy.

Unlabelled: To identify functionally related genes associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk using gene set enrichment analyses applied to genome-wide association study meta-analyses.

Methods: We analyzed DR GWAS meta-analyses performed on 3246 Europeans and 2611 African Americans with type 2 diabetes. Gene sets relevant to 5 key DR pathophysiology processes were investigated: tissue injury, vascular events, metabolic events and glial dysregulation, neuronal dysfunction, and inflammation.

How important is dietary management in chronic kidney disease progression? A role for low protein diets.

High dietary protein intake may lead to increased intraglomerular pressure and glomerular hyperfiltration, which in the long-term can lead to de novo or aggravating preexisting chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hence, a low protein diet (LPD, 0.6 to 0.

Association between Aortic Valve Calcification Progression and Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Volume Progression in the PARADIGM Registry.

Background Aortic valve calcification (AVC) is a key feature of aortic stenosis, and patients with aortic stenosis often have coronary -artery disease. Therefore, proving the association between the progression of AVC and coronary atherosclerosis could improve follow-up and treatment strategies. Purpose To explore the association between the progression of AVC and the progression of total and plaque volume composition from a large multicenter registry of serial coronary CT angiographic examinations.

Ethical considerations and patient safety concerns for cancelling non-urgent surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic: a review.

At the time of writing of this article, there have been over 110 million cases and 2.4 million deaths worldwide since the start of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, postponing millions of non-urgent surgeries. Existing literature explores the complexities of rationing medical care.

[Effect of electroacupuncture on lung dysplasia in rats with intrauterine growth restriction induced by maternal food restriction].

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Zusanli" (ST 36) in pregnant rats on lung dysplasia of newborn rats with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) induced by maternal food restriction.

Methods: Twenty-four female SD rats were randomly divided into a control group, a control+EA group, a model group and a model+EA group, 6 rats in each group. From the 10th day into pregnancy to the time of delivery, the rats in the model group and the model+EA group were given with 50% dietary restriction to prepare IUGR model.

Relation between Retinopathy and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcium in Individuals with Versus Without Diabetes Mellitus (From the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).

Retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM); however, it is also increasingly recognized in persons without DM. The microvascular diseases may play a prominent role in coronary heart disease (CHD) development in individuals with DM. We performed the study to evaluate the relation between non-DM retinopathy and CHD and also the association between baseline retinopathy and incidence and progression of CHD in individuals with and without DM.