Speeding of oxygen uptake kinetics is not different following low-intensity blood-flow-restricted and high-intensity interval training.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Can interval blood-flow-restricted (BFR) cycling training, undertaken at a low intensity, promote a similar adaptation to oxygen uptake ( ) kinetics to high-intensity interval training? What is the main finding and its importance? Speeding of pulmonary on-kinetics in healthy young subjects was not different between low-intensity interval BFR training and traditional high-intensity interval training. Given that very low workloads are well tolerated during BFR cycle training and speed on-kinetics, this training method could be used when high mechanical loads are contraindicated.

Abstract: Low-intensity blood-flow-restricted (BFR) endurance training is effective to increase aerobic capacity.

Physiological responses to interval endurance exercise at different levels of blood flow restriction.

Purpose: We aimed to identify a blood flow restriction (BFR) endurance exercise protocol that would both maximize cardiopulmonary and metabolic strain, and minimize the perception of effort.

Methods: Twelve healthy males (23 ± 2 years, 75 ± 7 kg) performed five different exercise protocols in randomized order: HI, high-intensity exercise starting at 105% of the incremental peak power (P ); I-BFR30, intermittent BFR at 30% P ; C-BFR30, continuous BFR at 30% P ; CON30, control exercise without BFR at 30% P ; I-BFR0, intermittent BFR during unloaded exercise. Cardiopulmonary, gastrocnemius oxygenation (StO), capillary lactate ([La]), and perceived exertion (RPE) were measured.

Glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria associations with coronary artery calcium among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.

Background: Decreased kidney function and greater albuminuria are associated with increased incidence and extent of coronary artery calcium (CAC). We investigated whether the associations between kidney function and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) with CAC differ by HIV serostatus.

Methods: Using data from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, a prospective multicenter US study of men who have sex with men, we carried out a cross-sectional study comprised of 592 HIV-infected (HIV+) and 378 uninfected (HIV-) men who underwent noncontrast computed tomography to measure CAC.

Treatment Failure Outcomes for Emergency Department Patients with Skin and Soft Tissue Infections.

Introduction: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are commonly evaluated in the emergency department (ED). Our objectives were to identify predictors of SSTI treatment failure within one week post-discharge in patients with cutaneous abscesses, as well as to identify predictors of recurrence within three months in that proportion of participants.

Methods: This was a sub-analysis of a parent study, conducted at two EDs, evaluating a new, nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) for Staphylococcus aureus in ED patients.

Diagnostic performance of transluminal attenuation gradient and fractional flow reserve by coronary computed tomographic angiography (FFR(CT)) compared to invasive FFR: a sub-group analysis from the DISCOVER-FLOW and DeFACTO studies.

Although coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) has been a robust diagnostic tool to identify anatomical significance of coronary artery disease (CAD), the utility of CCTA to assess hemodynamic significance of CAD remains unclear. We investigated the diagnostic performance of transluminal attenuation gradient (TAG) and fractional flow reserve derived from CCTA (FFRCT) to predict lesion-specific ischemia by invasive FFR. We identified 103 patients with suspected or known CAD enrolled from the DISCOVER-FLOW and DeFACTO studies who underwent invasive coronary angiography with FFR and high quality ≥64-slice CCTA.

Chronic kidney disease is associated with increased coronary artery atherosclerosis as revealed by multidetector computed tomographic angiography.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. We evaluated whether multidetector computed tomographic angiography (MDCTA) revealed a link between pre-dialysis CKD and coronary artery atherosclerosis. We retrospectively analyzed 549 patients who underwent MDCTA.

Mild and moderate pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease is associated with increased coronary artery calcium.

Background: It is increasingly evident that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are more likely to die from heart disease than kidney failure. This study evaluated whether pre- dialysis CKD is an independent risk factor for coronary artery calcium (CAC).

Methods: A total of 544 consecutive patients who underwent CAC scoring were analyzed.

Body surface area is a predictor of coronary artery calcium, whereas body mass index is not.

Introduction: We sought to establish whether elevated BMI and body surface area (BSA), two measures of obesity, are predictors of coronary artery calcium (CAC).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 3172 consecutive patients who underwent calcium scoring at our center. We applied a multiple logistic regression model to estimate the independent association between BMI of at least 25 kg/m(2) and incidence of CAC with adjustment for covariates.

Association of hemoglobin and survival in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Background And Objectives: Interventional trials and some observational studies show target hemoglobin >13 g/dl to be associated with higher mortality in erythropoiesis-stimulating agent-treated (ESA-treated) hemodialysis patients; data for peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are limited.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: We tested our hypothesis that higher and lower achieved hemoglobin levels are associated with increased mortality in 9269 ESA-treated PD patients from all DaVita dialysis clinics during the time period July 2001 through June 2006 followed through June 2007 using a time-dependent analysis.

Results: Lower hemoglobin was associated with significantly higher all-cause mortality in ESA-treated PD patients: with hemoglobin of 11.