Adverse events with quetiapine and clarithromycin coprescription: A population-based retrospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychotic predominantly metabolized by the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzyme. We studied the risk of adverse events following coprescription of clarithromycin (a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor) versus azithromycin (not a CYP3A4 inhibitor) in quetiapine users.

Materials And Methods: This was a population-based retrospective cohort study from 2004 to 2020 in Ontario, Canada in adult quetiapine users newly co-prescribed clarithromycin ( = 16,909) or azithromycin ( = 25,267).

Conversion to AbobotulinumtoxinA Increases Waning Time and Efficacy for Cervical Dystonia.

Background: Symptom re-emergence before re-injection negatively impacts cervical dystonia (CD) patients receiving botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) therapy. Longer waning time is associated with abobotulinumtoxinA (abo-BoNT-A) as compared to onabotulinumtoxinA (ona-BoNT-A)/incobotulinumtoxinA (inco-BoNT-A) formulations.

Objectives: To compare waning time and treatment outcomes when chronically injected CD patients experiencing early waning despite being optimized on BoNT-A (ona-BoNT-A/inco-BoNT-A) were converted to abo-BoNT-A.

Real-World Longitudinal Experience of Botulinum Toxin Therapy for Parkinson and Essential Tremor.

Background: Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) therapy for upper-limb tremor has emerged as a promising option. However, it is unclear in real-world practices whether a technology-guided approach can compare with expert clinical assessments (including surface anatomy and palpation) for improving outcomes. This retrospective study aims to review our clinical outcomes of treating essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD) tremor using either clinical- or kinematic-based injection pattern determination methods.

Editorial on the Special Issue "Botulinum Toxin for the Treatment of Neurological Disorders: Where We Are and Where We Need to Go".

Over the past 30 years, botulinum toxin (BoNT) has seen an ever-expanding use in disorders afflicting the nervous system [...

Developing a Consistent, Reproducible Botulinum Toxin Type A Dosing Method for Upper Limb Tremor by Kinematic Analysis.

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injection patterns customized to each patient's unique tremor characteristics produce better efficacy and lower adverse effects compared to the fixed-muscle-fixed-dose approach for Essential Tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD) tremor therapy. This article outlined how a kinematic-based dosing method to standardize and customize BoNT-A injections for tremors was developed. Seven ET and eight PD participants with significant tremor reduction and minimal perceived weakness using optimized BoNT-A injections determined by clinical and kinematic guidance were retrospectively selected to develop the kinematic-based dosing method.

Standardized algorithm for muscle selection and dosing of botulinum toxin for Parkinson tremor using kinematic analysis.

Background: Inadequate efficacy and significant side effect profile makes pharmacological treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) tremor challenging. Personalized dosing of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) using tremor analysis has shown efficacy and safety for treating upper limb tremor. This study incorporated a novel, standardized treatment algorithm for determining injection pattern and BoNT-A dosing, customizable by the physician, in PD patients with disabling tremor in one or both arms.

Personalized Bilateral Upper Limb Essential Tremor Therapy with Botulinum Toxin Using Kinematics.

Variability of multi-joint essential tremor (ET) between patients and within the two upper limbs makes a visual assessment for the determination of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injections challenging. Kinematic tremor analysis guidance has succeeded in overcoming this challenge by making effective long-term unilateral BoNT-A injections for disabling ET. In this open-label study, 31 ET participants received three bilateral arm BoNT-A injection cycles over 30 weeks with follow-ups six-weeks post-treatment.

Transitioning from Unilateral to Bilateral Upper Limb Tremor Therapy for Parkinson's Disease and Essential Tremor Using Botulinum Toxin: Case Series.

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injections guided by kinematic analysis for unilateral upper limb essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD) tremor therapy has demonstrated efficacy, improvements in quality of life (QoL) and arm functionality. In this open-label pilot trial, 5 ET and 2 PD participants decided to switch from receiving long-term unilateral arm treatment to now bilateral BoNT-A arm therapy in their other tremulous arm which worsened over time. Injection patterns were based on kinematic analysis.

Spinal Cord Stimulation Therapy for Gait Dysfunction in Advanced Parkinson's Disease Patients.

Background: Benefits of dopaminergic therapy and deep brain stimulation are limited and unpredictable for axial symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Dorsal spinal cord stimulation may be a new therapeutic approach. The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of spinal cord stimulation on gait including freezing of gait in advanced PD patients.

Long-term tremor therapy for Parkinson and essential tremor with sensor-guided botulinum toxin type A injections.

Objective: Current pharmacological agents used to treat Parkinson disease (PD) tremor and essential tremor (ET) provide suboptimal benefit and are commonly associated with significant adverse effects. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) has been shown to be effective for wrist tremor though functionally bothersome muscle weakness frequently occurs. This is the longest study to date demonstrating that BoNT-A therapy coupled with kinematic guidance can provide efficacious outcomes for upper limb tremor with minimized unwanted weakness.

Functional Ability Improved in Essential Tremor by IncobotulinumtoxinA Injections Using Kinematically Determined Biomechanical Patterns - A New Future.

Objective: Effective treatment for functional disability caused by essential tremor is a significant unmet need faced by many clinicians today. Current literature regarding focal therapy by botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injections uses fixed dosing regimens, which cannot be individualized, provides only limited functional benefit and unacceptable muscle weakness commonly occurs. This 38-week open label study, the longest to-date, demonstrates how kinematic technology addressed all these issues by guiding muscle selection.

Optimizing recovery after laparoscopic colon surgery (ORAL-CS): effect of intravenous ketorolac on length of hospital stay.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine if intravenous ketorolac can reduce ileus following laparoscopic colorectal surgery, thus shortening hospital stay.

Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal resection and receiving morphine patient controlled analgesia (PCA) and either intravenous ketorolac (group A) or placebo (group B), for 48 h after surgery. Daily assessments were made by a blinded assistant for level of pain control.