Alternative Treatments for Zirconium Oxide to Compare Commonly Used Surface Treatments to Determine Which Has the Least Effect on the Phase Transformation.

Traditional mechanical processing of zirconium leads to an unfavorable transformation, from a metastable tetragonal phase to a monoclinic phase (t→m), which weakens the structure of the material and subsequently leads to damage to the prosthetic restoration. The aim of this research is to compare commonly used surface treatments to determine which has the least effect on t→m. Thirty cylindrical samples made of sintered zirconium were divided into six groups based on the following treatments: polishing, grinding, sandblasting, chemical etching, laser structuring or dry plasma etching.

Initial pH determines the morphological characteristics and secondary metabolite production in Aspergillus terreus and Streptomyces rimosus cocultures.

The influence of the initial pH on the morphology and secondary metabolite production in cocultures and axenic cultures of Aspergillus terreus and Streptomyces rimosus was investigated. The detected secondary metabolites (6 of bacterial and 4 of fungal origin) were not found in the cultures initiated at pH values less than or equal to 4.0.

Ozonation procedure for removal of mycotoxins in maize: A promising screening approach for improvement of food safety.

Mycotoxins are well known secondary metabolites of various fungi. They pose a significant threat to human and animal when present in food or feed. They can be responsible for losses in grain production and in livestock or human intoxication.

Bread consumption trends in Poland: A socio-economic perspective and factors affecting current intake.

Fermentation processes have been known since ancient times and are widely used in the production of food, beverages, and other areas. One of the most well-known fermented products is bread. It plays an important role in human nutrition because of the valuable compounds it contains.

Intelligent Generating Controller a Desflurane Concentration Value Which Helps to Decrease Blood Pressure.

Introduction: The aim of the article is to determine the appropriate concentration of desflurane to effectively counteract the increase in blood pressure resulting from surgical stress. In medical practice, this increase is often limited by using additional doses of opioid drugs. Additional medications or higher doses of those already used may adversely affect your health.

Raman Spectroscopy Investigations of Ribbeck Meteorite.

On 21 January 2024, asteroid 2024BX1, discovered the three hours before, fell to Earth south of Ribbeck in the Havelland region of Germany. In this study, fragments of the Ribbeck meteorite, characterized by white and gray colors lithology, were examined for their chemical and phase compositions. The white lithology fragment exhibited a homogeneous chemical and phase structure typical of orthopyroxene, which crystallizes in the orthorhombic system.

Formation and Mechano-Chemical Properties of Chromium Fluorides Originated from the Deposition of Carbon-Chromium Nanocomposite Coatings in the Reactive Atmosphere (Ar + CF) during Magnetron Sputtering.

The literature analysis did not indicate any studies on fluorination tests of carbon nanocomposite coatings doped with transition metals in a form of nanocrystalline metal carbide in amorphous carbon matrix (nc-MeC/a-C). As a model coating to investigate the effect of fluorination in a tetrafluoromethane (CF) atmosphere, a nanocomposite carbon coating doped with chromium-forming nanocrystals of chromium carbides in a-C matrix (nc-CrC/a-C) produced by magnetron sputtering from graphite targets and using a Pulse-DC type medium frequency power supply was chosen. After the deposition of the gradient chromium carbonitride (CrCN) adhesive sublayer, the fluorination of the main coating was conducted in a reactive mode in an (Ar + CF) atmosphere at various CF content.

Modeling the Geometry and Filter Composite of the Air Cleaner.

Air pollution is currently the most significant environmental factor posing a threat to the health and lives of European residents. It is a key cause of poor health, particularly respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The primary aim of the study was to numerically determine the impact of the air purifier model's geometry on the distribution of air within a room and to conduct experimental tests on the filtration efficiency and preliminary antibacterial activity of filtration composites.

The Influence of Thermal Treatment of Activated Carbon on Its Electrochemical, Corrosion, and Adsorption Characteristics.

Activated carbons can be applied in various areas of our daily life depending on their properties. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of thermal treatment of activated carbon on its properties, considering its future use. The characteristics of activated carbon heat-treated at temperatures of 1500, 1800, and 2100 °C based on its future use are presented.

Detoxification of Acrylamide by Potentially Probiotic Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Yeast.

Some potentially probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast that inhabit the digestive tract of humans are known to detoxify xenobiotics, including acrylamide (AA). The objective of the subsequent research was to evaluate the AA-detoxification capability of LAB and yeast isolated from various sources. Namely, the effect of AA was tested on the growth of LAB and yeast strains, as well in the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Photoprotective Effects of Yeast Pulcherrimin.

Sunscreen products can protect the skin against the harmful effects of UV radiation, including reddening, aging, and cancer. The aim of this research was to evaluate the photoprotective effects of yeast pulcherrimin, an iron-chelating dipeptide. We first investigated the cytotoxicity of pulcherrimin produced by yeast on the human keratinocyte HaCaT cell line, using the PrestoBlue assay.

The Effect of Synbiotics and Probiotics on Ochratoxin Concentrations in Blood and Tissues, Health Status, and Gastrointestinal Function in Turkeys Fed Diets Contaminated with Ochratoxin A.

The aim of this study was to evaluate carcass quality and analyze gastrointestinal functional status, ochratoxin A (OTA) accumulation in tissues and organs, and the health status of turkeys fed diets contaminated with OTA and supplemented with synbiotic preparations in comparison with commercial probiotic feed additives. The research involved 120 female BIG 6 turkeys, divided into six treatment groups (five replicates, four birds per replicate). Wheat naturally contaminated with OTA (662.

Molecular Structure and Properties of Resistant Dextrins from Potato Starch Prepared by Microwave Heating.

The dextrinization of potato starch was performed using a sophisticated single-mode microwave reactor with temperature and pressure control using 10 cycles of heating with stirring between cycles. Microwave power from 150 to 250 W, a cycle time from 15 to 25 s, and two types of vessels with different internal diameters (12 and 24 mm) and therefore different thicknesses of the heated starch layer were used in order to estimate the impact of vessel size used for microwave dextrinization. The characteristics of resistant dextrins (RD) including solubility in water, total dietary fiber (TDF) content, color parameters, the share of various glycosidic bonds, and pasting and rheological properties were carried out.

Preparation and Biochemical Activity of Copper-Coated Cellulose Nonwoven Fabric via Magnetron Sputtering and Alginate-Calcium Ion Complexation.

Alginate-based materials have gained significant recognition in the medical industry due to their favorable biochemical properties. As a continuation of our previous studies, we have introduced a new composite consisting of cellulose nonwoven fabric charged with a metallic copper core (CNW-Cu) covered with a calcium alginate (ALGCa) layer. The preparation process for these materials involved three main steps: coating the cellulose nonwoven fabric with copper via magnetron sputtering (CNW → CNW-Cu), subsequent deposition with sodium alginate (CNW-Cu → CNW-Cu/ALGNa), followed by cross-linking the alginate chains with calcium ions (CNW-Cu/ALGNa → CNW-Cu/ALGCa).

The Efficiency of Polyester-Polysulfone Membranes, Coated with Crosslinked PVA Layers, in the Water Desalination by Pervaporation.

Composite polymer membranes were obtained using the so-called dry phase inversion and were used for desalination of diluted saline water solutions by pervaporation (PV) method. The tests used a two-layer backing, porous, ultrafiltration commercial membrane (PS20), which consisted of a supporting polyester layer and an active polysulfone layer. The active layer of PV membranes was obtained in an aqueous environment, in the presence of a surfactant, by cross-linking a 5 wt.

Supertransient Chaos in a Single and Coupled Liénard Systems.

We report the appearance of supertransient chaos in a single and two-coupled Liénard system with the influence of external periodic force. The existence of transient dynamics in a model is significantly long before it settles into the asymptotic steady state of periodic dynamics understood as supertransient chaos. The two diffusively coupled forced Liénard systems exhibit extremely long transient dynamics when their frequencies of the external forcing are slightly mismatched.

Adaptive control of magnetic levitation system based on fuzzy inversion.

A novel adaptive tracking controller for magnetic levitation systems (MLS) is developed. The controller is based on a special adaptive control scheme incorporating fuzzy model of electromagnetic acceleration enabling fast and accurate fuzzy inversion. The controller ensures accurate tracking of any smooth desired position signal, despite unknown MLS parameters.

Effectiveness of different sounds in human echolocation in live tests.

Echolocation is a vital method of spatial orientation for many visually impaired individuals who are willing to and able to learn it. Blind echolocators use a variety of sounds, such as mouth clicks, cane taps, or specialized sound-emitting devices, to perceive their surroundings. In our study, we examined the effectiveness of several different sounds used in echolocation by conducting trials with 12 blind and 14 sighted volunteers.

Effect of Butadiene Rubber Crystallization on Low-Temperature Properties of Butadiene/Silicone Rubber Blends with Potential for Mars Applications.

This study explores the impact of butadiene rubber (BR) crystallization on the low-temperature properties of butadiene/silicone (VMQ) rubber blends (BR/VMQ) designed for Martian applications. Two types of BR, semi-crystalline high-cis Buna CB24 and amorphous Buna CB550, were blended with VMQ, and their mechanical and thermal properties were evaluated. Kinetics of vulcanization, static mechanical properties, dynamical mechanical analysis, thermal shrinkage, and differential scanning calorimetry were utilized.

Electrostatically Interacting Wannier Qubits in Curved Space.

A derivation of a tight-binding model from Schrödinger formalism for various topologies of position-based semiconductor qubits is presented in the case of static and time-dependent electric fields. The simplistic tight-binding model enables the description of single-electron devices at a large integration scale. The case of two electrostatically Wannier qubits (also known as position-based qubits) in a Schrödinger model is presented with omission of spin degrees of freedom.

The Influence of Local Constraints on Solvent Motion in Polymer Materials.

The influence of obstacles in the form of polymer chains on the diffusion of a low-molecular-weight solvent was the subject of this research. Studies were performed by computer simulations. A Monte Carlo model-the Dynamic Lattice Liquid algorithm-based on the idea of cooperative movements was used.