Pattern change of precipitation extremes in Svalbard.

Besides global attention on extreme precipitation, a limited research has been done in the Arctic due to constraints of data availability. In this backdrop, we attempt to analyze extreme precipitation events at three Arctic stations (Bjørnøya, Ny-Ålesund, and Svalbard Lufthavn) in Svalbard using extreme value theory. The analysis revealed that these high-latitudinal Arctic stations were characterized by heavy-tailed distributions for the exceedances, suggesting a higher probability of the occurrence of extreme precipitation events.

Highly Efficient Indoor Perovskite Solar Cells with 40% Efficiency Using Perylene Diimide-Based Zwitterionic Cathode Interlayers.

Metal halide perovskites are ideal candidates for indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) due to their tunable bandgaps, which allow the active layers to be optimized for artificial light sources. However, significant non-radiative carrier recombination under low-light conditions has limited the full potential of perovskite-based IPVs. To address this challenge, an integration of perylene diimide (PDI)-based sulfobetaines as cathode interlayers (CILs) is proposed and the impact of varying alkyl chain length (from 1,2-ethylene to 1,5-pentylene) between the cationic and the anionic moieties is examined.

Improving Atorvastatin Release from Polyelectrolyte Complex-Based Hydrogels Using Freeze-Drying: Formulation and Pharmaceutical Assessment of a Novel Delivery System for Oral Candidiasis Treatment.

Atorvastatin calcium, an antifungal agent, has the potential to be repositioned/repurposed to combat the increasing antimicrobial resistance. However, one of the most crucial issues in developing atorvastatin calcium-loaded products with a topical antifungal effect is achieving the optimal release and dissolution rates of this statin to produce the desired therapeutic effect. In this paper, we report on the development and pharmaceutical assessment of hydrogels composed of low-molecular-weight chitosan, tragacanth, and xanthan gum/pectin/κ-carrageenan as potential drug carriers for atorvastatin calcium for buccal delivery.

Rheological Properties of Polyethylene Color Masterbatches Containing Pigment RED 122 (2,9-Dimethylquinacridone) Modified by Silanes Using Pulverization Method.

Polyethylene color masterbatches containing pigment RED 122, 2,9-dimethylquinacridone, ((2,9-dimethyl-5,12-dihydroquinolino[2,3-b]acridine-7,14-dione) modified by the pulverization method in ball mills were obtained. As pigment-modifying agents, isobutyltrimethoxysilane IBTMS and octyltrietoxysilane OTES were used. The viscoelastic properties of the prepared masterbatches were investigated by using an oscillation rotational rheometer.

Enhanced systemic oxidative stress response in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.

Background: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are characterized by chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and muscle tissue mitochondrial defect, leading to the local oxidative stress response. However, data on its systemic intensity and correlation with IIM clinical and laboratory characteristics remains scarce.

Methods: In clinically stable dermatomyositis (n = 18) and myositis (n = 38) patients and matched controls (n = 50), we measured global oxidative stress response in peripheral blood using a novel coumarin boronic acid (CBA) assay enabling real-time detection of protein hydroperoxides (HP) formed in serum.

A quantitative assessment of the influence of voltage on the formation of oxide layers on the surface of titanium by anodization.

Statement Of Problem: Restorations based on titanium and its alloys form weak connections with veneering ceramics. It is unclear if anodizing the titanium surface with different voltages leads to improved bonding.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to obtain an oxide layer of an appropriate thickness (0.

Antifreeze proteins produced by Antarctic yeast from the genus Glaciozyma as cryoprotectants in food storage.

Synthesis of antifreeze proteins (AFPs) is one of the adaptations of psychrophilic yeast to live in cold environments. AFPs demonstrate thermal hysteresis (TH) activity and inhibit the recrystallization of ice (IRI) during periodic temperature fluctuations. In this study, the Antarctic yeast strain 186, identified as Glaciozyma martinii, was found to synthesize an extracellular, glycosylated ~27 kDa ice-binding protein (GmAFP) exhibiting IRI activity.

Simultaneous assessment of mitochondrial and vascular function using the Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence technique.

Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF) is a new non-invasive diagnostic method for assessing vascular circulation and/or metabolic regulation. The method measures stimulation of the circulation in response to post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH). It analyzes the dynamical changes in NADH fluorescence emitted from skin tissue, providing information on mitochondrial metabolic status and intracellular oxygen delivery through the circulatory system.

PgRC2: engineering the compression of sequencing reads.

Summary: The FASTQ format remains at the heart of high-throughput sequencing. Despite advances in specialized FASTQ compressors, they are still imperfect in terms of practical performance tradeoffs. We present a multi-threaded version of Pseudogenome-based Read Compressor (PgRC), an in-memory algorithm for compressing the DNA stream, based on the idea of approximating the shortest common superstring over high-quality reads.

Rational design, synthesis, and molecular modelling insights of dual DNA binders/DHFR inhibitors bearing arylidene-hydrazinyl-1,3-thiazole scaffold with apoptotic and anti-migratory potential in breast MCF-7 cancer cells.

In light of searching for new breast cancer therapies, DNA-targeted small molecules were rationally designed to simultaneously bind DNA and inhibit human dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). Fourteen new arylidene-hydrazinyl-1,3-thiazoles () were synthesised and their dual DNA groove binding potential and DHFR inhibition were performed. Two compounds, and , proved their dual efficacy.

Phosphoric acid vs biogenic mineralization of carbonate apatite and hydroxyapatite in relation to infection-induced urinary stones: physical, chemical and microbiological aspects.

Carbonate apatite (CA) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) are components of infection urinary stones, the occurrence of which is becoming more frequent, especially in highly developed countries. The reasons for this increase can be traced to the consumption of highly processed food, the production of which uses flavor enhancers and preservatives. One of the substances used in the food industry is phosphoric acid (H3PO4).

Enhancing Clustering Efficiency in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network Protocols Using the K-Nearest Neighbours Algorithm.

Wireless Sensor Networks are formed by tiny, self-contained, battery-powered computers with radio links that can sense their surroundings for events of interest and store and process the sensed data. Sensor nodes wirelessly communicate with each other to relay information to a central base station. Energy consumption is the most critical parameter in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).

The Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains as Components of a Biopreparation for Chickens for Slaughter.

Since 2022, the European Union has banned the use of antibiotics in animal production. We conducted studies to characterize (47, AN8, and OK-B) and (AN9) and evaluate their potential to create a biopreparation based on fermented whey for chickens. The following methods were used: lactic acid bacteria (LAB) culture and storage, crystal violet staining, Koch's plate method, Caco-2 cell culture, hydrophobicity test, and spectrophotometric measurements.

Stability and Reusability of Tungsten Catalyst on Structured Support in Catalytic Ozonation of Textile Wastewater.

Since heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO) has become a leading trend in advanced oxidation processes, finding new prospective catalysts has become crucial. Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) is a method of thin-layer deposition that is useful in catalyst production on structured supports. This study presents a novel tungsten (W)-based catalyst used in HCO for textile wastewater discoloration.

Effect of Annealing in Air on the Structural and Optical Properties and Efficiency Improvement of TiO/CuO Solar Cells Obtained via Direct-Current Reactive Magnetron Sputtering.

In this study, four various titanium dioxide/cuprum oxide (TiO/CuO) photovoltaic structures deposited on glass/indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates using the direct-current (DC) reactive magnetron sputtering technique were annealed in air. In our previous work, the deposition parameters for different buffer layer configurations were first optimized to enhance cell fabrication efficiency. In this paper, the effects of post-deposition annealing at 150 °C in air on the optical properties and I-V characteristics of the prepared structures were examined.

The Effect of Sr, Ti, and B on the Crystallization Process and Mechanical Properties of the AlSi9Cu3(Fe) Alloy.

This article presents studies on the effect of Sr and TiB on the crystallization process, mechanical properties, hardness, and density index of the Al-Si alloy from the EN AC-46000 group, with a narrowed chemical composition, produced by die-casting and HPDC (high-pressure die casting) technology. The research used the Box-Wilson method to design the experiment and stepwise multiple regression. To identify the optimal amount of Sr and Ti in the analyzed alloy that would simultaneously guarantee the maximization of UTS, YS, A, and HBW and the minimization of the DI (density index), multi-criteria optimization was performed.

Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of (6,9)-Vomifoliol from L.: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Study in Human Immune Cell Models.

(6,9)-vomifoliol (VO) is a natural norisoprenoid of the megastigmane type derived from , an aromatic, evergreen shrub whose leaves, fruits, and aerial parts are used in traditional phytotherapy to treat oxidative stress and inflammation-related disorders. The plant is known as a rich source of essential oil and polyphenols. However, the levels of other constituents of , including VO, have yet to be explored.

1,4-Dihydropyrrolo[3,2-]pyrrole modified with dibenzoxazepine: a highly efficient core for charge-transfer-based OLED emitters.

The present work is focused on designing novel heteroaromatic systems, formally a hybrid of dibenzo[,]oxazepines and 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-]pyrroles (DHPPs). Straightforward synthesis affords a family of rigid, centrosymmetric, π-expanded aromatic heterocycles amenable to facile post-functionalization. The rigidified molecular architecture is responsible for several key photophysical features including (1) the excellent blue colour purity (full width at half maximum parameter = 0.

Combining machine learning models and rule engines in clinical decision systems: Exploring optimal aggregation methods for vaccine hesitancy prediction.

Background: With the increasing application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the healthcare sector and the emergence of new solutions, such as large language models, there is a growing need to combine medical knowledge, often expressed as clinical rules, with advances in machine learning (ML) offering higher prediction accuracy at the expense of decision-making transparency.

Purpose: This study investigates the efficacy of various aggregation methods combining the decisions of an AI model and a clinical rule-based (RB) engine in predicting vaccine hesitancy to maximize the effectiveness of patient incentive programs. This is the first study of parallel ensemble of rules and machine learning in clinical context proposing RB confidence-led fusion of ML and RB inference.

Bioprospecting endophytic fungi of forest plants for their monoamine oxidase A and cholinesterases inhibitors, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists.

Aims: The urgent search for new natural bioactive compounds is crucial to address growing clinical demands. With this perspective, this paper focuses on isolating and bioprospecting fungal endophytes from some plant species in a local forest in Wrocław, Poland.

Methods And Results: Forty-three fungal endophytes were isolated and their extracts were tested for inhibitory potential against monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) agonists.

Cascade Sliding Mode Control for Linear Displacement Positioning of a Quadrotor.

This paper contains an example of a simulation implementation of sliding mode control algorithms for the problem of adjusting the linear position of a quadrotor. A mathematical model of the drone was proposed, which was then implemented in a simulation environment. The method of designing sliding mode controllers using the Lyapunov method in order to improve stability was presented.

Cyto- and Genotoxicity of Selected Plant Extracts and Microbial Metabolites with Confirmed Activity Against Phytopathogens of Potato Seed ( L.).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of potential biocontrol agents for use against phytopathogens of potato seed ( L.). Plant extracts from L.

High-Performance Structures of Biopolymer Gels Activated with Scleroprotein Crosslinkers.

The study explores innovative crosslinking processes for biopolymer gel materials using amino acids and ion-redox initiators to significantly enhance their structural and functional properties. Advanced analytical techniques, including FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, TEM, TGA, DSC, ToF-SIMS, SEM/EDS, GPC/SEC, and elemental analysis, were employed for comprehensive material characterization. The synthesized materials show potential applications in packaging and medicine, particularly for single-use products with short life cycles.

Biomass-Based Hydrogen Extraction and Accompanying Hazards-Review.

Nowadays, there is an increased demand for energy, the access to which, however, is limited due to the decreasing of fossil sources and the need to reduce emissions, especially carbon dioxide. One possible remedy for this situation is using hydrogen as a source of green energy. Hydrogen is usually bound to other chemical elements and can be separated via energy-intensive few-step conversion processes.