Annotation Practices in Computational Pathology: A European Society of Digital and Integrative Pathology (ESDIP) Survey Study.

Integrating digital pathology and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms can potentially improve diagnostic practice and precision medicine. Developing reliable, generalizable, and comparable AI algorithms depends on access to meticulously annotated data. However, achieving this requires robust collaboration among pathologists, computer scientists, and other researchers to ensure data quality and consistency.

Early Sterile Keratolysis Complication With Decellularized Porcine Corneal Inlay Implant: A Case Report and Cautionary Tale.

Purpose: To describe an early sterile keratolysis associated with a decellularized porcine corneal inlay implant for keratoconus.

Methods: This is a case report of a 23-year-old man with keratoconus who underwent lenticular intrastromal keratoplasty in his OD. Within 4 weeks, the patient presented with anterior sterile keratolysis and partial inlay extrusion, leading to surgical inlay removal.

Updating Relatives of Patients Lacking Capacity in General Medicine: A Quality Improvement Project in a District Hospital in the United Kingdom.

Background Patient-centred care involves focussing on the individual's needs. Where patients lack capacity, it is important to involve relatives to better understand their needs, encourage positive healthcare outcomes and provide good quality care. Cultivating good rapport between clinicians and families also improves patient safety and satisfaction.

Ablation Depth-Dependent Survival Analysis of Phototherapeutic Keratectomy for Recurrent Corneal Erosion Syndrome.

Introduction: Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) is a treatment for recurrent corneal erosion syndrome (RCES). The aim of this study was to investigate whether deeper ablations yielded greater success rates.

Methods: Retrospective case notes review with prospective patient-reported outcome measures for all patients who had undergone PTK for RCES at a single tertiary referral unit.

Epidemiology, trends, and survival of ocular and orbital rhabdomyosarcoma: a nationwide study in the USA (1996-2018) : Ocular and orbital rhabdomyosarcoma in the USA.

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare malignancy that affects both children and young adults. Therefore, the current incidence and mortality rates of ocular and orbital rhabdomyosarcoma (ORMS) need to be clarified. We aimed to explore the epidemiology, trends, and survival outcomes of ORMS in the United States population spanning over two decades, from 1996 to 2018.

A Retrospective Case Series of Single-Screw vs Dual-Screw Fixation for Treatment of Medial Malleolus Fractures.

Background: Medial malleolus fractures (MMFs) are common across the world. Currently, there is a lack of consensus on the number of screws used in fixation of MMF. Our aim was to compare the radiographic outcomes of MMF with patients between fractures that have either undergone single-screw (SS) or dual-screw (DS) fixation.

An update on the use of stem cell therapy for erectile dysfunction.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to analyze animal and human trial data to better understand the efficacy of stem cell therapy (SCT) for erectile dysfunction (ED) and the obstacles that may hinder its application in this field.

Methods: We searched electronic databases, including PubMed and Scopus, for published studies with the Medical Subject Heading terms of "erectile dysfunction" (AND) "stem cell therapy" (OR) "erectile dysfunction" (AND) "clinical trial of stem cell therapy" (OR) "stem cell therapy" (AND) "sexual dysfunction". The search was limited to English-language journals and full papers only.

Evaluation of decision support to wean patients from mechanical ventilation in intensive care: a prospective study reporting clinical and physiological outcomes.

This study investigated the clinical and physiological response to use of the BEACON Caresystem, a bedside open-loop decision support system providing advice to guide clinicians when weaning patients from invasive mechanical ventilation. Multicenter prospective study conducted in five adult intensive care units in the UK. Following screening and assent, intubated patients mechanically ventilated for > 24 h were randomized to intervention or usual care.

Revealing the structural microenvironment of high metastatic risk uveal melanomas following decellularisation.

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare aggressive intraocular tumour that spreads most commonly to the liver in tumours with loss of one copy of chromosome 3 (HR-M3); current treatments for metastatic disease remain largely ineffective. Pre-clinical research is increasingly using three-dimensional models that better recapitulate the tumour microenvironment (TME). One aspect of the TME is the acellular extracellular matrix (ECM) that influences cell proliferation, migration and response to therapy.

Massively parallel sequencing of mitochondrial genome in primary open angle glaucoma identifies somatically acquired mitochondrial mutations in ocular tissue.

Glaucoma is a sight threatening neurodegenerative condition of the optic nerve head associated with ageing and marked by the loss of retinal ganglion cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration in the most prevalent type of glaucoma: primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). All previous mitochondrial genome sequencing studies in POAG analyzed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes and have not evaluated cells derived from ocular tissue, which better represent the glaucomatous disease context.

Using PBPK modeling to supplement clinical data and support the safe and effective use of dolutegravir in pregnant and lactating women.

Optimal dosing in pregnant and lactating women requires an understanding of the pharmacokinetics in the mother, fetus, and breastfed infant. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling can be used to simulate untested scenarios and hence supplement clinical data to support dosing decisions. A PBPK model for the antiretroviral dolutegravir (mainly metabolized by UGT1A1) was verified using reported exposures in non-pregnant healthy volunteers, pregnant women, and the umbilical cord, lactating mothers, and breastfed neonates.

Preoperative Posterior Stromal Ripples as Predictive Biomarkers of Visual Recovery After DMEK.

Purpose: To investigate the role of preoperative posterior stromal ripples (pre-PSR) on visual acuity recovery after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods: This is a comparative case series retrospectively analyzing patients who underwent DMEK. Electronic records and imaging of DMEK patients were reviewed.

Moving from features to functions: Bridging disciplinary understandings of urban environments to support healthy people and ecosystems.

Contact with nature can contribute to health and wellbeing, but knowledge gaps persist regarding the environmental characteristics that promote these benefits. Understanding and maximising these benefits is particularly important in urban areas, where opportunities for such contact is limited. At the same time, we are facing climate and ecological crises which require policy and practice to support ecosystem functioning.

Visualization of Scleral Flap Patency in Glaucoma Filtering Blebs Using OCT.

Purpose: To investigate the use of anterior-segment OCT (AS-OCT) to visualize the aqueous outflow pathway and patency of the scleral flap in glaucoma filtration surgery blebs.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Subjects: Two hundred five filtering blebs of 112 patients with glaucoma who had undergone trabeculectomy (Trab, n = 97) or deep sclerectomy (DS, n = 108) surgery with/without mitomycin-C (MMC).

PD-1 expression in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes as a prognostic marker in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Programmed death ligand - 1 (PD-L1) expression is a well-established predictive biomarker for immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Programmed death - 1 (PD-1) serves as the target protein to PD-L1 and their interaction serves as a crucial pathway for immune evasion. This study aimed to investigate the expression pattern of PD-1 on Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in early-stage NSCLC, and its potential role as prognostic biomarker.