Analysis of Quality Intima-Media Thickness and Quantitative Artery Stiffness technologies on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a study on carotid artery structure, elasticity, and influential factors in patients.

Background: In recent years, there have been numerous studies using Quality Intima-Media Thickness (QIMT) and Quantitative Arterial Stiffness (QAS) technology to evaluate various related factors and disease-induced changes in carotid artery (CA) elasticity. However, there is still a lack of research on the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and various indicators related to the CA. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of using QIMT and QAS techniques for comprehensive evaluation of CA intima-media thickness (IMT) and elasticity changes in NAFLD patients, and to analyze various factors influencing these variables.

Phyto-pharmacological wonders of genus : Ethnopharmacological insights and phytochemical treasures from natural products.

Natural products have perennially served as a cornerstone for the genesis of novel medicinal compounds. Most clinical therapeutics originate from ancestral herbal remedies and their formulations. Scholars and practitioners have always aimed to extract better remedies to treat various ailments.

ATF4 promotes glutaminolysis and glycolysis in colorectal cancer by transcriptionally inducing SLC1A5.

Glutaminolysis and glycolysis promote the malignant progression of colorectal cancer. The role of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) in solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5)-mediated glutaminolysis and glycolysis remains to be elucidated. SLC1A5 and ATF4 expression levels are detected in colorectal cancer tissues.

Enhanced Cross-stage-attention U-Net for esophageal target volume segmentation.

Purpose: The segmentation of target volume and organs at risk (OAR) was a significant part of radiotherapy. Specifically, determining the location and scale of the esophagus in simulated computed tomography images was difficult and time-consuming primarily due to its complex structure and low contrast with the surrounding tissues. In this study, an Enhanced Cross-stage-attention U-Net was proposed to solve the segmentation problem for the esophageal gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical tumor volume (CTV) in CT images.

Exosome-based therapies for inflammatory disorders: a review of recent advances.

Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, have emerged as focal mediators in intercellular communication and therapeutic interventions across diverse biomedical fields. Inflammatory disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease, acute liver injury, lung injury, neuroinflammation, and myocardial infarction, are complex conditions that require innovative therapeutic approaches. This review summarizes recent advances in exosome-based therapies for inflammatory disorders, highlighting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents.

Indian Shot ( L). Leaves Provide Valuable Insights into the Management of Inflammation and Other Associated Disorders Offering Health Benefits.

Background: Throughout history, plants have played a crucial role in advancing medicinal treatments by providing a diverse range of compounds for the development of innovative therapies. L. a tropical herb of the Cannaceae family, also known as Indian shot, has a rich history of traditional use in treating ailments like inflammation, malaria, dysentery, fever, dropsy, and diarrhea.

An endoplasmic reticulum stress related signature for clinically predicting prognosis of breast cancer patients.

Background: Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress (ER stress) was an important event in the development of breast cancer. We aimed to predict prognosis based on ER stress related key genes.

Methods: Data of the RNA-seq and clinical information of breast cancer cases were downloaded from the TCGA database.

The miraculous Asian fruit Baccaurea motleyana Müll. Arg. (Rambai): exploring the phyto-pharmacological potentials of fruit peel through GC-MS/MS, in vitro, in vivo and in silico approaches.

Introduction: Baccaurea motleyana Müll. Arg. (Rambai), an Asian fruit belonging to the Phyllanthaceae family, is cultivated throughout Southeast Asia and has been traditionally utilized in folk medicine to address eye discomfort, digestive issues, insomnia, and fevers.

Small molecule inhibitors targeting PD-L1, CTLA4, VISTA, TIM-3, and LAG3 for cancer immunotherapy (2020-2024).

Cancer immunotherapy, leveraging antibodies, excels in targeting efficacy but faces hurdles in tissue penetration, oral delivery, and prolonged half-life, with costly production and risk of adverse immunogenic effects. In contrast, small molecule immuno-oncology agents provide favorable pharmacokinetic properties and benign toxicity profiles. These agents are well-positioned to address the limitations of antibody-based immunotherapies, augment existing treatment modalities, and achieve synergistic effects when combined with antibodies.

Leukopenia-a rare complication secondary to invasive liver abscess syndrome in a patient with diabetes mellitus: A case report.

Background: Thrombocytopenia is a common complication of invasive liver abscess syndrome (ILAS) by () infection, which indicates severe infection and a poor prognosis. However, the presence of leukopenia is rare. There are rare reports on leukopenia and its clinical significance for ILAS, and there is currently no recognized treatment plan.

Risk factors and prognostic impact of new decompensated events in hospitalized patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

Background: Decompensated cirrhosis (DC) is prone to recurrent episodes of decompensation following the initial event. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for subsequent decompensation and assess their impact on the outcomes of patients hospitalized for DC.

Methods: Patients with DC were divided into two groups based on the occurrence of new decompensated events during hospitalization.

Sappanone A attenuates rheumatoid arthritis via inhibiting PI3K/AKT/NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways in vivo and in vitro.

Objective: Sappanone A (SA), a bioactive compound in Caesalpinia sappan L., has anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and bone protection activities. But its effect on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the underlying mechanism are incompletely understood.

The causal association between COVID-19 and ischemic stroke: a mendelian randomization study.

Background: Current observational data indicates that ischemic stroke (IS) affects a significant proportion of people with COVID-19. The current study sought to evaluate the causal relationship between COVID-19 and IS.

Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (2 S-MR) approach was used to probe the relationship between genetic determinants of three COVID-19 parameters (SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization, and severe COVID-19) and the incidence of IS based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data.

Awareness and Uptake of HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis and Postexposure Prophylaxis Among College Students With Sexual Experiences: Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Evidence has shown that HIV prevalence among young people, especially college students, has increased disproportionately. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) are two of the most effective ways to prevent HIV, which are vital for college students with sexual experiences who have sexual risks.

Objective: To provide evidence for effective intervention to reduce the risk of HIV infection among young students, this study aimed to analyze the awareness and uptake of HIV PrEP and PEP among college students with sexual experiences.

Maturity and density of tertiary lymphoid structures associate with tumor metastasis and chemotherapy response.

Background: Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (TLSs) are abnormal clusters of immune cells that form in tissues not normally associated with the immune system, usually in cases of long-lasting inflammation, like cancer. TLSs have been suggested as a potential prognostic indicator in various cancer types.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 223 gastric cancer (GC) patients who had surgical resections in this study.

Gut microbiota modulating therapy for diabetes mellitus should be individualized.

In this editorial, we commented on two articles published online in August and September 2024 in the , which focused on modifying the gut microbiota (GM) to prevent or delay the progression of diabetes mellitus (DM) and DM-related complications. Numerous studies, many of which are animal studies, have indicated the potential role of GM in the pathogenesis of DM. However, the detailed causality and mechanisms between GM and DM have not been fully clarified.