314 results match your criteria: "Lipscomb University[Affiliation]"

Rationale & Objective: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions provide both clearance of uremic toxins and sodium and water. An intraperitoneal (IP) solution of icodextrin and glucose designed without the requirement for uremic toxin clearance could provide substantially greater sodium and water removal than PD solutions.

Study Design: We examined varying concentrations of icodextrin and dextrose IP solutions in rats.

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Article Synopsis
  • Drug-induced stuttering is an acquired speech disorder caused by certain medications, resembling developmental stuttering, and has been primarily studied through case reports and adverse drug reactions.
  • A recent study analyzed electronic health records from a major medical center to identify and classify drugs linked to this type of stuttering, reviewing 40 suspected cases.
  • The findings revealed that 18 different drugs were associated with stuttering in 22 individuals, especially in the classes of antiseizure agents, CNS stimulants, and antidepressants, with topiramate being the most commonly implicated drug; the study emphasizes the need for better documentation of medication-related speech issues in EHRs.
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Neural processes involved in visual detection, decision-making, and motor plan execution are believed to play a key role in the avoidance of sport-related injuries, but very little evidence exists to guide the development of training activities for the optimization of brain function. Immersive virtual reality provides a means to precisely measure the amount of time that elapses from visual stimulus presentation to the initiation of a motor response (i.e.

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  • * Results indicated that immigrants living in the U.S. for 15 years or more are significantly more likely to follow CRC screening guidelines compared to those here for less time, with variations noted among different racial and ethnic groups, especially Asian immigrants.
  • * Socioeconomic factors like education and access to healthcare are crucial for screening adherence, highlighting the necessity for targeted interventions to improve CRC screening rates among newer immigrants and those with fewer resources.
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Diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy: A threat to both limb and life.

Diabetes Obes Metab

January 2025

Midstate Endocrine Associates, Lipscomb University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy (DCN) is a rare but serious complication of diabetes, particularly affecting those with diabetic neuropathy, where the incidence rises to 30%, especially among type 1 diabetics.
  • It typically presents as a painless, swollen, and warm foot or ankle, with MRI and X-ray revealing specific joint abnormalities, often in a particular order.
  • Treatment primarily involves prolonged immobilization and offloading, with potential but unproven therapeutic options; there's a high risk of amputation and increased mortality, especially when foot ulcers are present, necessitating surgical intervention to prevent recurrence.
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Comparison of thoracic epidural catheter and continuous peripheral infusion for management of traumatic rib fracture pain.

J Trauma Acute Care Surg

September 2024

From the Division of Acute Care Surgery (R.T.B., M.F., B.M.D.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Division of General Surgery (M.W.W.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Anesthesiology (N.S., B.A., A.N.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pharmacy Practice (S.E.H.), Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Biomedical Informatics (E.W., S.D.N.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Paradigm Health (M.D.M.), PLLC, Franklin, Tennessee; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine (D.R.); and Department of Biostatistics (F.Y., R.I.), and Department of Medicine (F.Y.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

Article Synopsis
  • Thoracic epidural catheters (TECs) provide effective pain management for traumatic rib fractures, but their use is limited by various factors; in contrast, continuous peripheral infusions of ketamine and/or lidocaine offer a safer alternative.
  • A study analyzing 1,647 patients found that those receiving TECs had significantly lower daily morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) and mean pain scores (MPS) compared to those using continuous infusions, especially notable around days 3 and 4 post-injury.
  • The findings suggest that drip-only treatment leads to higher pain medication use and pain levels, indicating that TECs might be a more effective pain management option for patients with rib fractures.
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The number of peptide-like scaffolds found in late-stage drug development is increasing, but a critical unanswered question in the field is whether substituents (side chains) or the backbone drive passive permeability. The backbone is scrutinized in this study. Five series of macrocyclic peptidic compounds were prepared, and their passive permeability was determined (PAMPA, Caco-2), to delineate structure-permeability relationships.

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Mechanistic Differences between Torsemide and Furosemide.

J Am Soc Nephrol

January 2025

Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.

Key Points: Oral torsemide was not superior to furosemide in measures of renal tubular delivery or duration of action. A dose equivalence of approximately 40 mg oral furosemide:10 mg oral torsemide resulted in similar natriuresis. The two-fold higher doses of torsemide did not improve fluid status due to the kidney’s compensation.

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Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Nicardipine Versus Clevidipine for Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Crisis.

J Emerg Med

October 2024

Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Williamson Medical Center, Franklin, Tennessee; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lipscomb University, Nashville, Tennessee.

Background: Hypertensive crisis is an acute increase in blood pressure >180/120 mm Hg. A titratable antihypertensive agent is preferred to lower blood pressure acutely in a controlled way and prevent an abrupt overcorrection. Nicardipine and clevidipine are both dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers that provide unique benefits for blood pressure control.

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Article Synopsis
  • Diuresis is crucial for treating patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) to relieve fluid buildup, but there's no one-size-fits-all diuretic strategy that has proven to be the best.
  • Current research highlights the connection between urine sodium levels and patient outcomes, suggesting that monitoring urine chemistry could help tailor diuretic treatments.
  • The review aims to consolidate existing studies on diuretic management, identify what we still don't know, and outline ongoing clinical trials that explore urine sodium-guided diuresis in ADHF management.
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Guidelines provide varying recommendations for the prophylactic antimicrobial treatment of open fractures. This single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine how well an institutional prophylactic antibiotic protocol covered pathogens associated with open fractures. The authors included adult trauma patients with one or more open fractures and a positive culture from the site of the open fracture, and compared outcomes between patients who were covered by prophylactic antibiotics with patients not covered by prophylactic antibiotics.

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Increased Spironolactone Dosing in Acute Heart Failure Alters Potassium Homeostasis but Does not Enhance Decongestion.

J Card Fail

November 2024

Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. Electronic address:

Background: The ATHENA-HF (Aldosterone Targeted Neurohormonal Combined with Natriuresis Therapy in Heart Failure) clinical trial found no improvements in natriuretic peptide levels or clinical congestion when spironolactone 100 mg/day for 96 hours was used in addition to usual treatment for acute heart failure.

Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis of ATHENA-HF to determine whether spironolactone treatment induced any detectable pharmacodynamic effects and whether patients with potentially greater aldosterone activity experienced additional decongestion. Trial subjects previously treated with spironolactone were excluded.

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Bioactivation and reactivity research advances - 2023 year in review.

Drug Metab Rev

August 2024

Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • * Modern detection methods now allow for earlier identification of these metabolites in drug development, helping to prevent DILI before it occurs.
  • * Ongoing studies into enzyme interactions and genetic differences are enhancing predictions of DILI risk, ultimately refining drug safety evaluations and supporting personalized medicine approaches.
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The road less traveled: Developing pharmacist clinician-scientists through divergent training pathways.

Am J Health Syst Pharm

September 2024

Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, and Critical Illness, Brain Dysfunction, and Survivorship (CIBS) Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Purpose: Professional organizations have emphasized the growing need for pharmacists to possess advanced research skills; however, there is a scarcity of training programs aimed at nurturing clinician-scientists. This report outlines 3 critical care-focused research programs, each offering a unique approach to training clinician-scientists.

Summary: Limited resources and formalized programs are available to bridge the gap between the demand for and availability of skilled clinician-scientists.

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Background: The growing number of oral anticancer medications represents a significant portion of pharmacy spending and can be costly for patients. Patients taking oral anticancer medications may experience frequent treatment changes following necessary safety and effectiveness monitoring, often resulting in medication waste. Strategies to avoid medication waste could alleviate the financial burden of these costly therapies on the payer and the patient.

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Exogenous insulin antibody syndrome (EIAS) has until recently been a rarely described complication of exogenous insulin therapy. EIAS results not only in hyperglycemia, but also in hypoglycemia and occasionally in ketoacidosis (DKA). The incidence of EIAS is increasing probably due to an overall increase in autoimmunity associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) epidemic resulting in increasing binding of insulin by antibodies.

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Genitourinary Tract Infections in Patients Taking SGLT2 Inhibitors: JACC Review Topic of the Week.

J Am Coll Cardiol

April 2024

Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Electronic address:

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have been shown to reduce adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, all-cause mortality, and heart failure hospitalization in patients with heart failure, as well as adverse renal outcomes. However, concerns regarding the heightened risk of genitourinary (GU) infections, particularly urinary tract infections, remain a significant barrier to their wider adoption. Addressing these misconceptions using existing evidence is needed to ensure proper risk-benefit assessment and optimal utilization of this efficacious therapy.

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The diet during pregnancy, or antenatal diet, influences the offspring's intestinal health. We previously showed that antenatal butyrate supplementation reduces injury in adult murine offspring with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Potential modulators of butyrate levels in the intestine include a high fiber diet or dietary supplementation with probiotics.

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Background: The primary goals during acute heart failure (AHF) hospitalization are decongestion and guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) optimization. Unlike diuretics or other GDMT, early dapagliflozin initiation could achieve both AHF goals.

Objectives: The authors aimed to assess the diuretic efficacy and safety of early dapagliflozin initiation in AHF.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to investigate how pharmacists contribute to the postdischarge care of patients suffering from kidney disease.
  • It analyzed various interventions from 10 studies, focusing on areas like medication management and patient education, with some showing positive outcomes related to patient care metrics.
  • Ultimately, the findings highlight the pharmacist's potential role in multidisciplinary teams but indicate variability in their effectiveness and lack of standardized practices.
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Despite increasing research, the links between racial discrimination and Black Americans' romantic relationship dynamics remain unclear. Guided by models of mundane extreme environmental stress (Peters & Massey, 1983), sociocultural family stress (McNeil Smith & Landor, 2018), and Black marital outcomes (Bryant et al., 2010), we conducted a systematic review of the literature examining racial discrimination and relationship dynamics among Black Americans in same-race and interracial romantic relationships.

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