[Chronic pain and its relationship with anxiety and depression].

Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent in chronic pain. Clinicians often interpret depression/anxiety as consequences of chronic pain, but some psychiatrists contend that the consequence hypothesis is overrated and that psychiatric symptoms in pain patients should be understood as part of the psychiatric disease. In this overview, the potential bidirectional nature of the relationship between chronic pain and depression/anxiety is discussed on a conceptual level.

Against tiebreaking arguments in priority setting.

Fair priority setting is based on morally sound criteria. Still, there will be cases when these criteria, our primary considerations, are tied and therefore do not help us in choosing one allocation over another. It is sometimes suggested that such cases can be handled by tiebreakers.

Challenges of defining renal response in ANCA-associated vasculitis: call to action?

Avoiding end-stage kidney disease in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) has a high therapeutic priority. Although renal response is a crucial measure to capture clinically relevant changes, clinal trials have used various definitions and no well-studied key surrogate markers to predict renal outcome in AAV exist. Differences in clinical features and histopathologic and therapeutic approaches will influence the course of kidney function.

Methods for evaluation of corneal nerve fibres in diabetes mellitus by in vivo confocal microscopy: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Globally, 422 million people have diabetes. Late complications of diabetes are blindness, kidney failure, heart attack, stroke and lower limb amputation. The prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy is 50% and 35%, respectively.

Efficacy of mecobalamin (vitamin B) in the treatment of long-term pain in women diagnosed with fibromyalgia: protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Introduction: Fibromyalgia causes long-term pain. It affects at least 2% of the population, the majority being women. In addition, extended symptoms corresponding to vitamin B deficiency occur.

[Spinal motion restriction in trauma care].

Nineteen Swedish professional organizations involved in trauma care have developed national recommendations for spinal motion restriction in trauma. The recommendations describe the best practice in spinal motion restriction for children, adults, and the elderly, both in prehospital care, in the emergency department and during transfer within and between hospitals. The background to the recommendations is presented, together with implications for the widespread educational system Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS).

Emergency unit capacity in Northern Tanzania: a cross-sectional survey.

Introduction: Emergency medicine (EM) is a growing field in Sub-Saharan Africa. Characterising the current capacity of hospitals to provide emergency care is important in identifying gaps and future directions of growth. This study aimed to characterise the ability of emergency units (EU) to provide emergency care in the Kilimanjaro region in Northern Tanzania.

ApoE Alzheimer's Disease Aβ-amyloid plaque morphology varies according to APOE isotype.

Background: The apolipoprotein E (, gene; apoE, protein) ε4 allele is the most common identified genetic risk factor for typical late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Each ε4 allele roughly triples the relative risk for AD compared to that of the reference allele, ε3.

Methods: We have employed hyperspectral fluorescence imaging with an amyloidspecific, conformation-sensing probe, p-FTAA, to elucidate protein aggregate structure and morphology in fresh frozen prefrontal cortex samples from human postmortem AD brain tissue samples from patients homozygous for either ε3 or ε4.

[The dark side of ADHD - comorbidity with substance use disorder and criminality - an overview].

ADHD frequently co-occurs with substance use disorder (SUD) and is also common in prison populations. Screening and structured diagnosis should therefore be made available to treatment seeking SUD patients as well as to prison inmates. Multimodal, integrated treatment, including appropriate pharmacological and psychosocial therapies, is recommended for both ADHD and SUD.

[Considerations when handling common acute intracranial vascular anomalies].

Conditions involving intracranial vascular anomalies are increasingly diagnosed, not least incidentally, with the increasing availability of neuroradiological investigations. Acute deterioration and development of symptoms due to a vascular condition could require neurosurgical intervention depending on the nature of the condition and status of the patient. On the other hand, asymptomatic patients with incidental findings require careful consideration and risk assessment when deciding on whether or not to treat the condition, and if so, how.

Fibroblast growth factor 23 is independently associated with renal magnesium handling in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Disturbances in magnesium homeostasis are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and are associated with increased mortality. The kidney is a key organ in maintaining normal serum magnesium concentrations. To this end, fractional excretion of magnesium (FEMg) increases as renal function declines.

U-PAIN cohort study among patients with chronic pain in specialised pain care: a feasibility study.

Objectives: To examine acceptability of study participation and feasibility of (1) recruitment, (2) data collection and (3) outcome measures for the prospective U-PAIN cohort.

Design: Internal feasibility study of a prospective cohort.

Participants And Setting: 64 patients, 18 years, with chronic pain at a multidisciplinary pain centre at a university hospital in Sweden.

Higher risk of severe hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with a rapid loss of C-peptide during the first 6 years after type 1 diabetes diagnosis.

Introduction: The progression to insulin deficiency in type 1 diabetes is heterogenous. This study aimed to identify early characteristics associated with rapid or slow decline of beta-cell function and how it affects the clinical course.

Research Design And Methods: Stimulated C-peptide was assessed by mixed meal tolerance test in 50 children (<18 years) during 2004-2017, at regular intervals for 6 years from type 1 diabetes diagnosis.

[Clinical Frailty Scale - a proxy estimate of biological age].

The term frailty denotes a multi-dimensional syndrome characterised by reduced physiological reserves and increased vulnerability. Frailty may be used as a marker of biological age, distinct from chronological age. There are several instruments for frailty assessment.

[Health promoting actions in schools can support young people's mental and physical health].

In their latest survey from 2017/18, the Public Health Agency in Sweden reported an increase in multiple mental health complaints among children and adolescents. The study is part of a collaborative WHO project that started in 1985/86 and collects data every four years. With this background, a working group was commissioned by the Swedish Medical Association to identify areas for improvement within the school system and to work out proposals for effective interventions.

[Improved access to test results for toxic alcohols can save lives].

Acute poisoning involving toxic alcohols other than ethanol is not uncommon. Poisonings from drinking isopropanol are rarely life threatening, whereas methanol and ethylene glycol without prompt treatment cause severe metabolic acidosis, organ damage, and death, mainly due to toxic metabolites. Rapid identification of the type of alcohol responsible for the poisoning requires access to 24/7 toxicological service.

Comparison of the 6-minute walk distance measured on a 30 m track with guidance of a healthcare professional and those measured with a mobile application outdoors by participants themselves: a validation study.

To improve the practical application of measuring exercise capacity, the purpose of this study was to compare the 6 min walk distance (6MWD) obtained at a 30 m track with the guidance of healthcare professionals vs. the 6MWD obtained by participants themselves using an app. In total, 37 participants performed both tests.

[120 Swedish PhD candidates in general practice have been admitted to the Swedish National Research School in General Practice during the first 10-year period].

Since the start of the Swedish National Research School in General Practice, 120 Swedish PhD candidates in general practice have been admitted to the school, out of whom 89 during the first 10-year period. We have evaluated the academic achievements of the 53 (60%) PhD candidates that finished their thesis 2011-2020 by a questionnaire and bibliometric data collected from the Web of Science Core Collection. The questionnaire was answered by 52 (98%) and showed that 45 (87%) had continued with research work after their dissertation.

[Routine screening with APTT is not indicated before surgery].

Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) is widely practiced in preoperative screening. The value of using this test to predict the risk of perioperative bleeding is not well documented in Sweden. In this article, a literature review is performed to determine whether unselected APTT testing can predict abnormal perioperative bleeding.