Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the National Telehealth Service for triage and referral in Sweden: a national retrospective observational study.

Objectives: Telehealth, the provision of healthcare through digital communication, has been proposed as a potential solution to meet the increasing demand for healthcare, particularly in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sweden has an established national telehealth service for triage and referral by phone (1177) since 2013 which has the potential to meet this increasing demand. However, little is known about the development and retention in demand during and after the pandemic in Sweden.

[Unequal access to safe cesarean section - threat to global maternal health care].

Despite evidence that cesarean section rates above 10 percent at the population level do not reduce maternal or neonatal mortality, global rates continue to rise and are projected to reach 30 percent by 2030. The factors behind this increase are complex and vary across contexts, emphasizing the need for a local understanding in order to design and implement effective interventions to curb overuse. In contrast to many other high-income countries, Nordic countries exemplify how robust obstetric practices, midwifery led care and evidence-based guidelines can achieve excellent outcomes while maintaining low cesarean section rates.

[Electroencephalography - from the past to the present - the development during the 100 years after Berger].

In 1924 the German psychiatrist Hans Berger made the first electroencephalographical (EEG) recording of cerebral activity in humans. Worldwide, EEG developed into a widely used diagnostic method and was introduced in Sweden in 1937. Today EEG is an essential diagnostic and monitoring standard in epilepsy, sleep disorders, neonatology and intensive care, and provides prognostic information after perinatal asphyxia and cardiac arrest.

[The first Swedish national care program for pediatric chronic pain].

Pediatric chronic pain is common and frequently results in reduced wellbeing and functioning. Limited knowledge among health care professionals has motivated a national care program for pediatric chronic pain to increase the standard of care for this group. Emphasizing a biopsychosocial approach, treatment should focus on self-management of pain and distress to increase resilience, functioning and wellbeing.

[Acute scrotum in children].

Acute scrotum in a child is common, and the main underlying conditions are torsion of intrascrotal appendages, epididymitis, testicular torsion and idiopathic scrotal edema. The main diagnostic aim is to confirm or rule out testicular torsion, since this may lead to irreversible ischemia within hours. The diagnostics can be difficult, especially in prepubertal boys, but consist of a thorough history and clinical examination, the use of a clinical prediction score, and sometimes ultrasound with doppler.

Children's participation in the development, use and evaluation of support interventions for children of a parent diagnosed with cancer: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: At times of parental cancer, children's health and well-being are at risk, which is why interventions to support these children have been developed. When developing such interventions, engagement of the population under study in research is endorsed to enhance relevance of research questions and to enhance uptake and dissemination of the findings. Since no previous review has mapped the ways children participate in the development, use and evaluation of these support interventions, the focus of the upcoming scoping review is to identify gaps in the literature for guidance of future research.

Prior exposure to alkylating agents negatively impacts testicular organoid formation in cells obtained from childhood cancer patients.

Study Question: Can human pre- and peri-pubertal testicular cells obtained from childhood cancer patients, previously treated with chemotherapy, form testicular organoids (TOs)?

Summary Answer: Organoid formation from testicular tissue collected from childhood cancer patients positively correlates with SRY-Box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) expression in Sertoli cells, which in turn negatively correlates with previous exposure to alkylating chemotherapy.

What Is Known Already: Pre- and peri-pubertal boys exposed to highly gonadotoxic therapies can only safeguard their fertility potential through testicular tissue cryopreservation. Today, there is no established clinical tool to restore fertility using these testicular samples.

[Health-related quality of life for patients with inflammatory bowel disease requires more than anti-inflammatory treatment].

The care of IBD patients aims to achieve the best possible health. The treatment goals in IBD should therefore, in addition to stable control of intestinal inflammation, also consider health-related quality of life (HRQL) and extraintestinal complications. Fatigue is an underrecognized array of symptoms that need more attention and, if possible, treatment.

[Intensive care after cardiac arrest - Swedish Resuscitation Council summarizes the new guidelines].

In Sweden 1600 patients/year survive cardiac arrest (30-day survival). Post-resuscitation care is complex and aims to stabilize organ function with focus on preventing secondary brain injury. In 2021 The European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) published joint guidelines on post-resuscitation care.

[Rectal biopsies in radioproctopathy].

It is generally recommended to refrain from taking rectal biopsies in radioproctopathy. Herein we describe the clinical characteristics of urorectal fistulas after such biopsies in five patients. Conservative treatment is rarely successful.

[Sickle cell disease - common and dangerous complications].

Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder affecting hundreds of thousands of people worldwide. This article will focus on the most common and dangerous acute complications to sickle cell disease. Vaso-occlusive crisis is the most common manifestation of sickle cell disease.

[Not Available].

A correct diagnosis and treatment of fingertip- and nail injuries, commonly seen in the emergency room, is crucial. Insufficient treatment can result in long-term complications, including finger dysfunction and dysaesthesia, nail deformity, infection, or pain. These remaining problems may induce severe impairment of the quality of life of the patient.

Perioperative management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma in the Nordic countries.

Background: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare malignancy, with typically only few new cases annually per urological department. Adherence to European association of urology (EAU) guidelines on UTUC in the Nordic countries is unknown. The objective of this survey was to examine the implementation of EAU guidelines, the perioperative management and organization of the treatment of UTUC in the Nordic countries.

[Is occupational allergic contact dermatitis within the armed forces an unrecognized problem?].

In the armed forces, marching still remains a major component in the training of the young recruits. In the following we describe a young recruit who, following instructions, prophylactically used adhesives to prevent chafing. The recruit developed an allergic contact dermatitis with generalized spreading.

Automated surveillance of antimicrobial consumption in intensive care, northern Sweden: an observational case study.

Background: The digitalization of information systems allows automatic measurement of antimicrobial consumption (AMC), helping address antibiotic resistance from inappropriate drug use without compromising patient safety.

Objectives: Describe and characterize a new automated AMC surveillance service for intensive care units (ICUs), with data stratified by referral clinic and linked with individual patient risk factors, disease severity, and mortality.

Methods: An automated service collecting data from the electronic medical record was developed, implemented, and validated in a healthcare region in northern Sweden.

[Blood biomarkers open a window to brain pathophysiology in Alzheimer's disease].

Technical developments have paved the way for the development of ultrasensitive analytical methods that allow for precise quantification of brain-specific proteins in blood samples. Plasma levels of amyloid β, specifically the Aβ42/40 ratio, are reduced in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and show concordance with brain amyloidosis assessed by PET, but the overlap with normal elderly may be too large for reliable use in clinical applications. Plasma phosphorylated tau (P-tau), especially a variant called P-tau217, is markedly increased in the early symptomatic stages of AD but remains normal in other neurodegenerative disorders.

Decreased spermatogonial numbers in boys with severe haematological diseases.

This study examines spermatogonial numbers in testicular samples from 43 prepubertal patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). High-dose chemotherapy and/or radiation during HSCT can impact spermatogenesis requiring fertility preservation. Results show that 49% of patients have decreased and 19% severely depleted spermatogonial pool prior to HSCT.