Rates, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 in the United States.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and predictors of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as well as the inpatient outcomes associated with this complication.

Methods: This was an analysis of the National Inpatient Sample Database from January to December 2020. Adult COVID-19 patients were categorized into two groups based on NVUGIB development during hospitalization.

Prospective Associations of Exposure to Discrimination and Alcohol Use: A National Longitudinal Study.

Introduction: This study examined prospective associations of perceived discrimination experience and past-week alcohol use among U.S. adults.

Mechanical network equivalence between the katydid and mammalian inner ears.

Mammalian hearing operates on three basic steps: 1) sound capturing, 2) impedance conversion, and 3) frequency analysis. While these canonical steps are vital for acoustic communication and survival in mammals, they are not unique to them. An equivalent mechanism has been described for katydids (Insecta), and it is unique to this group among invertebrates.

Parallel Signatures of Diet Adaptation in the Invasive Common Myna Genome.

Invasive species offer uniquely replicated model systems to study rapid adaptation. The common myna (Acridotheres tristis) has been introduced to over a dozen countries and is classified as one of the most invasive birds in the world. Their multiple invasions provide an opportunity to identify repeated adaptation, as invasive populations originated from multiple source populations.

Evaluation of wheat blast resistance in the USDA hard winter wheat ( L.) Northern and Southern Regional Performance Nurseries.

Wheat blast, caused by the pathotype of , is an emerging disease that threatens the global supply of wheat. The pathogen was first reported in Brazil and subsequently spread to the neighboring countries of Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay. More recently, wheat blast was reported in Asia and Africa, having been observed in Bangladesh and Zambia.

Novel broadly reactive monoclonal antibody protects against infection.

The incidence of infections attributed to antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) pathogens has increased exponentially over the recent decades reaching 1.27 million deaths worldwide in 2019. Without intervention, these infections are predicted to cause up to 10 million deaths a year and incur costs of up to 100 trillion US dollars globally by 2050.

Synthesis of macrocyclic salen rare-earth complexes and their framework conversion regulated by coordination sphere engineering.

We now report a macrocyclic rare-earth complex whose frameworks have been regulated between a trimer and a tetramer by an external capping ligand. Coordination sphere engineering of the rare earth metals with flexible and variable coordination numbers (CN > 6) offers a unique way to control the self-assembled structures.

Nutritional fulfillment behavior of pregnant women based on the health belief model theory in Indonesia.

Introduction: malnutrition in pregnant women will cause impaired fetal development, premature delivery, impaired baby growth, and the risk of causing chronic disease. The Health Belief Model is used and has an important role in directing pregnant women to engage in preventive health behavior, namely preventing malnutrition.

Objective: this study aims to analyze the factors related to the nutritional fulfillment behavior of pregnant women based on the theory of the health belief model.

A risk index tool to minimize the risk of nitrogen loss from land to water.

Simple models can help reduce nitrogen (N) loss from land and protect water quality. However, the complexity of primary production systems may impair the accuracy of simple models. A tool was developed that assessed the risk of N loss as the product of N source inputs and relative transport by leaching and runoff.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone II and its receptor regulate motility, morphology, and kinematics of porcine spermatozoa in vitro.

The second form of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH-II) and its receptor (GnRHR-II) are abundantly produced within the porcine testis and immunolocalize within the seminiferous tubules, suggesting a role in spermatogenesis and/or sperm function. The objective of this study was to quantify GnRH-II and GnRHR-II abundance within boar reproductive tract tissues and examine their role in porcine sperm function. Immunoblotting revealed GnRHR-II abundance was 12-fold greater (P < 0.

Exposure of Proso millet starch to superheated steam: Effect on physicochemical, techno-functional, rheological behavior, digestibility, and related mechanism.

In the present study, proso millet starch (PMS) was treated with SHS (120-160 °C for 1-5 min) to investigate the molecular interactions and techno-functional, rheological, and digestible properties. Exposure to SHS induced the degradation of helical structure, and longer chains, reducing amylose, blue value, optical density, and relative crystallinity. Meanwhile, SHS treatment might have introduced hydro‑carbonyl groups, eventually increasing water absorption capacity, swelling power, and transparency.

Conservation futures 2050: Developing future scenarios to explore potential socio-economic developments and their impact on biodiversity.

Large scale changes in biodiversity and conservation management require long-term goals and planning across multiple sectors in the face of increasing global change. Major trends in land use and management interventions, species additions or losses, and climate are well recognized, but responses are still often short-term and fragmented across agencies and sectors. Scenario-building can be a powerful tool to imagine possible futures, integrating across sectors and disciplines and promoting long-term thinking and planning.

Acute management of adults following chest wall injury: An assessment of institutional clinical practice guidelines across the UK and synthesis of care recommendations.

Objective: Chest wall injury causes significant morbidity and mortality. There is uncertainty regarding many aspects of clinical care for these patients, including optimal analgesia, acuity of monitoring and surgical fixation. Our aim in this work is to [1] objectively appraise the quality and extent of heterogeneity in UK major trauma centre (MTC) clinical practice guidelines regarding the management of chest wall injury; and [2] narratively summarise clinical and care process recommendations from these guidelines to provide a comparative description of recommendations between institutions.

An analysis of perceptions and thoughts of rapid weight loss in Olympic weightlifters.

Background: Weight-class athletes commonly engage in rapid weight loss (RWL) practices.

Aim: Investigate attributed RWL perceptions and thoughts of UK-based Olympic weightlifters.

Methods: Participants (n: 39, male: 22, female: 17) were selected from International Weightlifting Federation populations, 85% had previously acutely reduced pre-competition body mass.

The Complete Genome Sequence of Splendidofilaria pectoralis (Onchocercidae, Rhabditida, Chromadorea, Nematoda).

We present the complete genome sequence of Splendidofilaria pectoralis, a nematode parasite of grouse (Aves: Galliformes: Tetraonini). Illumina paired-end reads were assembled by a de novo method followed by a finishing step. The raw and assembled data are publicly available via GenBank: Sequence Read Archive (SRR28509439) and assembled genome (JBFSWT000000000).

"I didn't go into medicine just to be on the phone": Emotional Expression as Sacrosanct During Derious Illness Patient-Physician Advanced Cancer Care Communication During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Guided by communication accommodation theory, we studied 27 physician reports of patient-physician advanced cancer communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. Advanced cancer communication requires recognizing patients' psychosocial states and collaboratively engaging patients empathetically to develop the shared understanding necessary to guide decision-making. However, physicians found their communication underaccommodated, stemming from personal protection equipment, social distancing, and telemedicine.

Intrinsic and environmental drivers of pairwise cohesion in wild Canis social groups.

Animals within social groups respond to costs and benefits of sociality by adjusting the proportion of time they spend in close proximity to other individuals in the group (cohesion). Variation in cohesion between individuals, in turn, shapes important group-level processes such as subgroup formation and fission-fusion dynamics. Although critical to animal sociality, a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing cohesion remains a gap in our knowledge of cooperative behavior in animals.

Relationships between pasture mass at paddock level and cow data derived from GPS and behavior-monitoring on-animals sensors in rotationally grazed dairy systems.

Data from behavior-monitoring and location (global positioning system) devices fitted to dairy cows may improve our understanding of how animal behavior and movement are associated with feed availability and quality. We hypothesized that data from behavior-monitoring and location sensors may be associated with feed availability in a paddock within a rotationally grazed dairy system. To investigate this, 100 cows were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups (n = 25 cows per group) and allocated to different target pasture allocations to meet either 80%, 100%, or 120% of their estimated ME requirements across 2 experimental periods (n = 20 d per experimental period), during late-spring (Experimental Period 1; November 7 to November 26 2021) and late-summer (Experimental Period 2; 27 February to 18 March 2022).

Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Vegetable Handlers in Bangladesh.

This study delves into the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of vegetable handlers in Jashore Sadar, Bangladesh, specifically focusing on the crucial significance of food safety across the entire farm-to-fork process. Integrating quantitative and qualitative data provides a multifaceted depiction of this pivotal component within the food supply chain. Ten focus group discussions were conducted, and in total, 50 vegetable handlers were interviewed separately.

Separate sites of action for cry1 and phot1 blue-light receptors in the Arabidopsis hypocotyl.

Rapid cell expansion pushes the Arabidopsis hypocotyl (juvenile stem) through the soil until blue light, acting first through phototropin 1 (phot1) and then through cryptochrome 1 (cry1), suppresses elongation to produce a length characteristic of established, photosynthetically capable seedlings. To determine where these two different blue-light receptors act to suppress hypocotyl elongation, we measured relative elemental growth rate, specifically along the hypocotyl midline at 5-min intervals before and during blue light, using a machine-learning-based image analysis pipeline designed specifically for this kinematic analysis of growth. In darkness, hypocotyl material expanded most rapidly (approximately 4% h) in a broad zone approximately 1 mm below the apical terminus of the hypocotyl (cotyledonary node).