Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Deficiency in cisd-1 Mutants is Linked to AMPK-Mediated Lipid Metabolism.

Background: CISD-1 is a mitochondrial iron-sulfate [2Fe-2S] protein known to be associated with various human diseases, including cancer and diabetes. Previously, we demonstrated that CISD-1 deficiency in worms lowers glucose and ATP levels. In this study, we further explored how worms compensate for lower ATP levels by analyzing changes in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial iron content, AMPK activities, and total lipid profiles.

Noncanonical formation of SNX5 gene-derived circular RNA regulates cancer growth.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent cancer worldwide, exhibiting unique regional prevalence. Despite advancements in diagnostics and therapy, the 5-year survival rate for patients has seen limited improvement. A deeper understanding of OSCC pathogenesis, especially its molecular underpinnings, is essential for improving detection, prevention, and treatment.

Imbalance in RNA Editing Disrupts Dynamic Neuronal Activity and Olfactory Perception.

A-to-I RNA editing, catalyzed by the ADAR protein family, significantly contributes to the diversity and adaptability of mammalian RNA signatures, aligning with developmental and physiological needs. Yet, the functions of many editing sites are still to be defined. The gene stands out in this context due to its brain-specific expression and the evolutionary conservation of its codon-altering editing event.

Low-to-Moderate Arsenic Exposure and Urothelial Tract Cancers with a Long Latent Period of Follow-Up in an Arseniasis Area.

Background: Arsenic exposure can cause adverse health effects. The effects of long-term low-to-moderate exposure and methylations remain unclear.

Objective: This study aims to examine the association between low-to-moderate arsenic exposure and urothelial tract cancers while considering the effects of methylation capacity.

Case report: Aortoesophageal fistula-an extremely rare but life-threatening cardiovascular cause of hematemesis.

Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is an extremely rare cardiovascular etiology of hematemesis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. As such, its recognition and diagnosis are challenging and may be delayed when such patients present to the emergency department (ED). Without timely surgical intervention, AEF is almost always fatal.

Wound Infection of Snakebite from Venomous , and in Taiwan: Validation of BITE and Cobra BITE Scoring Systems and their Bacteriological Differences in Wound Cultures.

Patients bitten by , , and develop different degrees of wound infection. This study validated BITE and Cobra BITE scoring systems that we established previously. Bacteriological studies of patients with wound infection were conducted.

Endothelial dysfunction in subfertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Research Question: Is there an association between post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH) and ovarian stimulation in women with normoandrogenaemic polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

Design: Women eligible for IVF at an academic fertility centre were invited to join this prospective study. Microvascular endothelial function was measured as PORH by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) before and after ovarian stimulation. Metabolic characteristics, hormone profiles and biochemical markers were analysed.

When a Rapid Accurate Diagnosis Changes Therapeutic Approach: Recognizing Acute Abdominal Pain with Ascites as a Possible Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multi-organ autoimmune disease which rarely presents with peritoneal involvement. As such, its diagnosis in the emergency department (ED) based on a clinical presentation of gastrointestinal symptoms is extremely challenging. Yet, reaching such a diagnosis in the ED is crucial for avoiding unnecessary surgical intervention and initiating early glucocorticoid therapy to maximise patient outcomes.

Point-of-care application of diaphragmatic ultrasonography in the emergency department for the prediction of development of respiratory failure in community-acquired pneumonia: A pilot study.

Background: Early recognition of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) at risk of poor outcomes is crucial. However, there is no effective assessment tool for predicting the development of respiratory failure in patients with CAP. Diaphragmatic ultrasonography (DUS) is a novel technique developed for evaluating diaphragmatic function measurements of the diaphragm thickening fraction (DTF) and diaphragm excursion (DE).

At the heart of the problem: congestive cardiac failure as a cause of ascites: A narrative review.

Heart failure leading to cardiac ascites is an extremely rare and underrecognized entity in clinical practice. Recognizing cardiac ascites can be difficult, especially since patients presenting with ascites may have more than 1 etiology. Various biomarkers are available to aid in the diagnosis of cardiac ascites, though with differing sensitivities and specificities.

Modular scaffolding by lncRNA HOXA10-AS promotes oral cancer progression.

Recent findings have implicated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as pivotal gene regulators for diverse biological processes, despite their lack of protein-coding capabilities. Accumulating evidence suggests the significance of lncRNAs in mediating cell signaling pathways, especially those associated with tumorigenesis. Consequently, lncRNAs have emerged as novel functional regulators and indicators of cancer development and malignancy.

EV-miRome-wide profiling uncovers miR-320c for detecting metastatic colorectal cancer and monitoring the therapeutic response.

Purpose: Molecular composition of circulating small extracellular vesicles (EVs) does not merely reflect the cells of origin, but also is enriched in specific biomolecules directly associated with the cellular transformation. However, while most of the currently identified EV-miRs are only geared towards one-dimensional disease detection, their application for long-term tracking and treatment response monitoring has been largely elusive.

Methods: We established and optimized a rapid, sensitive and robust liquid biopsy sampling method, and further used small RNA sequencing to comprehensively catalogue EV-miRomes in association with the progression and outcome of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Shock Index Is a Validated Prediction Tool for the Short-Term Survival of Advanced Cancer Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department.

Advanced cancer patients who are not expected to survive past the short term can benefit from early initiation of palliative care in the emergency department (ED). This discussion, however, requires accurate prognostication of their short-term survival. We previously found in our retrospective study that shock index (SI) is an ideal risk stratification tool in predicting the 60-day mortality risk of advanced cancer patients presenting to the ED.

Risk factors associated with peri-intubation cardiac arrest in the emergency department.

Background: Peri-intubation cardiac arrest is an uncommon, serious complication following endotracheal intubation in the emergency department. Although several risk factors have been previously identified, this study aimed to comprehensively identify risk factors associated with peri-intubation cardiac arrest.

Methods: This retrospective, nested case-control study conducted from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020 analyzed variables including demographic characteristics, triage, and pre-intubation vital signs, medications, and laboratory data.

Multimodal In-training Examination in an Emergency Medicine Residency Training Program: A Longitudinal Observational Study.

Background: In-training examination (ITE) has been widely adopted as an assessment tool to measure residents' competency. We incorporated different formats of assessments into the emergency medicine (EM) residency training program to form a multimodal, multistation ITE. This study was conducted to examine the cost and effectiveness of its different testing formats.

The Clinical Presentations of Nitrous Oxide Users in an Emergency Department.

Today, the concomitant abuse of nitrous oxide (NO) and illicit drugs is evident and problematic. However, there are few reports regarding the clinical manifestations of NO users when they present to the emergency department (ED). The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical presentations, the associated illicit substances used in combination, and the outcomes in NO users visiting the ED.

Longitudinal High-Throughput Sequencing of the T-Cell Receptor Repertoire Reveals Dynamic Change and Prognostic Significance of Peripheral Blood TCR Diversity in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer During Chemotherapy.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer mortality and morbidity. Despite advances in chemotherapy and targeted therapy, unsustainable clinical benefit was noted due to recurrence and therapy resistance. The immune status of the cancer patient may affect the effectiveness of disease treatments.

A high density of PD-L1-expressing immune cells is significantly correlated with favorable disease free survival in nonmetastatic colorectal cancer.

The impact of immune cells (ICs) expressing various markers remains poorly understood in nonmetastatic colorectal cancer patients who have undergone colectomy. Here, we aimed to clarify the correlation between IC density and clinical parameters and survival.Programmed death protein-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death protein ligand-1 (PD-L1), clusters of differentiation (CD)-3, CD-8, and CD45RO immunostaining was performed for 421 patients using tissue microarray and automatic counting.

Aldosterone-producing nodules and CYP11B1 signaling correlate in primary aldosteronism.

Autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) could be found in some patients with unilateral primary aldosteronism (uPA). However, the histopathological patterns of uPA with concurrent ACS have not been well elucidated. The adrenal gland with the adenoma from 61 uPA patients who underwent unilateral adrenalectomy were assessed by immunohistochemistry.

Subtypes of Histopathologically Classical Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas Yield Various Transcriptomic Signaling and Outcomes.

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Long-term inhibition of ferritin2 synthesis in trophocytes and oenocytes by ferritin2 double-stranded RNA ingestion to investigate the mechanisms of magnetoreception in honey bees (Apis mellifera).

Behavioral studies indicate that honey bees (Apis mellifera) have a capacity for magnetoreception and superparamagnetic magnetite is suggested to be a magnetoreceptor. The long-term inhibition of magnetite formation can be employed to explore the bee's magnetoreception. A recent study shows that magnetite formation, ferritin2 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, and the protein synthesis of ferritin2 in trophocytes and oenocytes were all inhibited by a single injection of ferritin2 double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into the hemolymph of honey bees but how to maintain this knockdown of ferritin2 for the long-term is unknown.

Update on guidelines for the treatment of COPD in Taiwan using evidence and GRADE system-based recommendations.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has significant contributions to morbidity and mortality world-wide. Early symptoms of COPD are not readily distinguishable, resulting in a low rate of diagnosis and intervention. Different guidelines and recommendatations for the diagnosis and treatment of COPD exist globally.

Influential Factors of Local Tissue Necrosis after Taiwan Cobra Bites: A Secondary Analysis of the Clinical Significance of Venom Detection in Patients of Cobra Snakebites.

Local tissue swelling, inflammation, and wound necrosis are observed in Taiwan cobra bites. Knowledge of the factors influencing local tissue necrosis after cobra bites might improve the cobra bite treatment strategy. Therefore, we aimed to explore the factors influencing local tissue necrosis after cobra bites.

The trophocytes and oenocytes of worker and queen honey bees (Apis mellifera) exhibit distinct age-associated transcriptome profiles.

Despite the identical genomic context, trophocytes and oenocytes in worker bees exhibit aging-related phenotypes, in contrast to the longevity phenotypes in queen bees. To explore this phenomenon at the molecular level, we evaluated the age-associated transcriptomes of trophocytes and oenocytes in worker bees and queen bees using high-throughput RNA-sequencing technology (RNA-seq). The results showed that (i) while gene expression profiles were different between worker and queen bees, they remained similar between young and old counterparts; (ii) worker bees express a high proportion of low-abundance genes, whereas queen bee transcriptomes display a high proportion of moderate-expression genes; (iii) genes were upregulated to a greater extent in queen bees vs.