Physicochemical Properties and Bioreactivity of Sub-10 μm Geogenic Particles: Comparison of Volcanic Ash and Desert Dust.

Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of <10 μm (PM) is a well-established health hazard. There is increasing evidence that geogenic (Earth-derived) particles can induce adverse biological effects upon inhalation, though there is high variability in particle bioreactivity that is associated with particle source and physicochemical properties. In this study, we investigated physicochemical properties and biological reactivity of volcanic ash from the April 2021 eruption of La Soufrière volcano, St.

The Population-Based Incidence and Prevalence of Catatonia.

Objective: Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric disorder that is associated with a range of medical and psychiatric illnesses. Although many single-center studies have been conducted, uncertainty over the population-based incidence and prevalence of the disorder remains. This study reports on the incidence and prevalence rates of catatonia extrapolated from two large epidemiologic studies in the United Kingdom and United States.

Reliability and Accuracy of the Fitbit Charge 4 Photoplethysmography Heart Rate Sensor in Ecological Conditions: Validation Study.

Background: Wrist-worn photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors allow for continuous heart rate (HR) measurement without the inconveniences of wearing a chest belt. Although green light PPG technology reduces HR measurement motion artifacts, only a limited number of studies have investigated the reliability and accuracy of wearables in non-laboratory-controlled conditions with actual specific and various physical activity movements.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to (1) assess the reliability and accuracy of the PPG-based HR sensor of the Fitbit Charge 4 (FC4) in ecological conditions and (2) quantify the potential variability caused by the nature of activities.

Trends in the epidemiology of intravascular device-associated bacteremia among French hematology patients: insights from the SPIADI prospective multicenter study, 2020-2024.

Hematology patients require central venous catheters for cancer treatment and nutrition, which increases their risk of intravascular device-associated bacteremia. In the absence of recent data, we investigated intravascular device-associated bacteremia in this specific context. A three-month surveillance was conducted annually in 27 hematology wards, using a protocol derived from the HAI-Net ICU ECDC protocol (2020-2024).

Gas-phase conformational landscape and ring-puckered structure of 1-aminoindane.

Indane-based molecules are effective scaffolds for different pharmaceutical products, so it is relevant to analyze the relation between structure and functionality in indane derivatives. Here, we have characterized the conformational landscape and molecular structure of 1-aminoindane in the gas phase using chirped-excitation Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy and computational methods. The rotational spectrum confirmed the presence of two conformers, which were identified based on their rotational constants and 14N nuclear quadrupole coupling tensor elements.

Cardiovascular risk associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists versus other conventional glucose-lowering drugs in patients with type-2 diabetes: protocol for a nationwide observational comparative study in routine care.

Introduction: Several cardiovascular outcome trials have been conducted to assess the cardiovascular safety and efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) on cardiorenal outcomes in patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D). However, the strict requirements of randomised controlled trials to avoid most confounding factors are at the expense of external validity. Using national real-world data, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of GLP-1RAs in association with metformin especially on cardiovascular events, hospitalisation for heart failure and all-cause death in comparison with other diabetes treatment schemes using dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors, sulfonylureas/glinides or insulin also associated with metformin.

Global Epidemiology of Alcohol-Related Liver Disease, Liver Cancer, and Alcohol Use Disorder, 2000-2021.

Background/aims: Alcohol represents a leading burden of disease worldwide, including alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). We aim to assess the global burden of AUD, ALD, and alcohol-attributable primary liver cancer between 2000-2021.

Methods: We registered the global and regional trends of AUD, ALD, and alcohol-related liver cancer using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study, the largest and most up-to-date global epidemiology database.

Contribution of Open Access Databases to Intensive Care Medicine Research: Scoping Review.

Background: Intensive care units (ICUs) handle the most critical patients with a high risk of mortality. Due to those conditions, close monitoring is necessary and therefore, a large volume of data is collected. Collaborative ventures have enabled the emergence of large open access databases, leading to numerous publications in the field.

Restrictive or Liberal Blood Transfusion in Patients with Myocardial Infarction and CKD.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with higher risk of myocardial infarction and anemia. Among patients with anemia and CKD who experience myocardial infarction, it remains uncertain if a liberal red blood cell transfusion threshold strategy (hemoglobin cutoff [Hgb] < 10 g/dL) is superior to a restrictive transfusion threshold (Hgb 7-8 g/dL) strategy.

Methods: Among the 3,504 patients enrolled in the Myocardial Ischemia and Transfusion (MINT) trial with non-missing creatinine, we compared baseline characteristics and 30-day and 6-month outcomes of patients without CKD (N = 1279), CKD with eGFR 30-60 mL/min/1.

Biomarkers.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex disorder with a strong genetic component, yet many genetic risk factors remain unknown. Integrating genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and high-throughput proteomic platforms is a useful strategy to evaluate protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) and to detect candidate genes and pathways involved in AD. Due to the novelty of these techniques, the identification of reliable protein measures through a comprehensive quality control is mandatory.

Biomarkers.

Background: The quantification of neurofilament light chain (NfL) in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has proved useful in many contexts, for the diagnosis and prognosis of various neurological disorders. There is, however, a diversity of practices between centers, essentially linked to the context of use (COU), analytical methods, consideration of comorbidities, determination of cut-points or use of interpretation scales. Finally, for the same biochemical profile, the interpretation and reporting of results may differ from one center to another, raising the question of test commutability.

Drug Development.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. It is characterized by dysfunction in the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) complex, which may precede TAU aggregation, enhancing premature polyadenylation, spliceosome dysfunction, and causing cell cycle reentry and death. Thus, we evaluated the effects of a synthetic single-stranded cDNA, called APT20TTMG, in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived neurons from healthy and AD donors and in the Senescence Accelerated Mouse-Prone 8 (SAMP8) model.

Drug Development.

Background: Tau proteins aggregate in a number of neurodegenerative disorders known as tauopathies. Various studies have highlighted the role of microtubule-binding domains in the intracellular aggregation of Tau protein.

Method: Using a library of synthetic VHHs humanized in collaboration with Hybrigenics, we have developed a number of anti-tau VHHs.

An IS element-driven antisense RNA attenuates the expression of serotype 2 fimbriae and the cytotoxicity of .

Insertion sequences (IS) represent mobile genetic elements that have been shown to be associated with bacterial evolution and adaptation due to their effects on genome plasticity. In , the causative agent of whooping cough, the numerous IS elements induce genomic rearrangements and contribute to the diversity of the global population. Previously, we have shown that the majority of IS-specific endogenous promoters induce the synthesis of alternative transcripts and thereby affect the transcriptional landscape of .

Quantifying the potential contribution of drugs to the occurrence of acute kidney injury in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: We sought to comprehensively describe drug-related components associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), describing the incidence of drug-related AKI, the proportion of preventable AKI, identified the various drugs potentially associated with it, explored the risk factors, and assessed the 1-year incidences of the recurrence of drug-related AKI, kidney failure, and death.

Methods: CKD-REIN is a French national prospective cohort of 3033 nephrology outpatients with a confirmed diagnosis of CKD (eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m²).

A recurrent loss-of-function variant in DRC1 causes non-syndromic severe asthenozoospermia with favorable intracytoplasmic sperm injection and pregnancy outcomes.

Background: Asthenozoospermia, characterized by reduced sperm motility, is a common cause of male infertility. Multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) represent a severe and genetically heterogeneous form of asthenozoospermia. Over 50 genes have been associated, but approximately half of MMAF cases remain unexplained.

SLC10A7 regulates O-GalNAc glycosylation and Ca homeostasis in the secretory pathway: insights into SLC10A7-CDG.

Glycans are known to be fundamental for many cellular and physiological functions. Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) currently encompassing over 160 subtypes, are characterized by glycan synthesis and/or processing defects. Despite the increasing number of CDG patients, therapeutic options remain very limited as our knowledge on glycan synthesis is fragmented.

Description of Borderline Personality Disorder Hospitalizations for Adolescents and Adults in France Between 2013 and 2022: A Nationwide Retrospective Study.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a frequent disorder with high mental health care utilization. This study aims to describe BPD hospitalization in France: using the French national hospitals database from 2013 to 2022, regarding sociodemographic factors and hospitalization characteristics. In total, this study included 121,235 patients.

PARP-1 Inhibition Increases Oxidative Stress in Ets-1-Expressing MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells.

Background: The Ets-1 transcription factor plays a primordial role in regulating the expression of numerous genes implicated in cancer progression. In a previous study, we revealed that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibition by PJ-34 results in Ets-1 level increase in cells, which is related with cell death of Ets-1-expressing cancer cells.

Aims: The mechanism of the antitumor effect of PARP-1 inhibition was investigated in the Ets-1-expressing MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.

Clinical and Electrophysiological Characteristics of 23 French Patients With Neurolymphomatosis.

Introduction/aims: Neurolymphomatosis is a hematological condition defined by the direct infiltration of malignant lymphomatous cells into the peripheral nervous system. Since nerve conduction studies may disclose demyelinating features, clinicians may misdiagnose neurolymphomatosis as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). This study aimed to determine whether patients with neurolymphomatosis met the 2021 revised criteria for CIDP.

Prognosis Associated with Complete Pathological Response Following Neoadjuvant Treatment for PancreaTic AdenOcarciNOma in the FOFLIRINOX Era: the Multicenter TONO Study.

Background: The use of multiagent FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a neoadjuvant setting has been associated with an increased rate of complete pathological response (CPR) after surgery. This study investigated the long-term outcomes of patients with CPR in a multicenter setting to identify prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study examined biopsy-proven pancreatic adenocarcinomas with CPR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy and surgery, between January 2006 and December 2023 across 22 French and  2 Belgian centers.