Genetic insight into Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome in Indian patients reveals novel mutations at FLCN.

Background: Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) is a rare monogenic condition mostly associated with germline mutations at FLCN. It is characterized by either one or more manifestations of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP), skin fibrofolliculomas and renal carcinoma (chromophobe). Here, we comprehensively studied the mutational background of 31 clinically diagnosed BHDS patients and their 74 asymptomatic related members from 15 Indian families.

Changing Paradigm in Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.

Differentiated thyroid cancer is an indolent cancer with an excellent prognosis when treated adequately. The treatment algorithm is well established and standardized. Surgery followed by radio-iodine treatment has stood the test of time.

Achievement of guideline recommended diabetes treatment targets and health habits in people with self-reported diabetes in India (ICMR-INDIAB-13): a national cross-sectional study.

Background: There is little information on comprehensive diabetes care comprising glycaemic, lipid, and blood pressure control in India; therefore, we aimed to assess the achievement of treatment targets among adults with self-reported diabetes.

Methods: The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-India Diabetes (INDIAB) study is a cross-sectional, population-based survey of adults aged 20 years or older in all 30 states and union territories of India. We used a stratified multistage sampling design, sampling states in a phased manner, and selected villages in rural areas and census enumeration blocks in urban areas.

Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in patients with psoriasis: A position statement from India by SIG psoriasis (IADVL Academy).

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected every sphere of life including management of psoriasis. The availability of COVID-19 vaccines has given rise to hope and at the same time some apprehensions as well. With the general population becoming eligible for vaccination, there is some confusion, on the eligibility of patients with different medical conditions and patients on immunosuppressive or immunomodulating medications for COVID-19 vaccination.

Utility of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis.

A 61-year-old male presented with visual loss in the left eye. A CT scan of the chest revealed multiple lung cavities in both lungs. He had a positive C-ANCA suggestive of granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Expert survey on management of prostate cancer in India: Real-world insights into practice patterns.

To gain insights on the diverse practice patterns and treatment pathways for prostate cancer (PC) in India, the Urological Cancer Foundation convened the first Indian survey to discuss all aspects of PC, with the objective of guiding clinicians on optimizing management in PC. A modified Delphi method was used, wherein a multidisciplinary panel of oncologists treating PC across India developed a questionnaire related to screening, diagnosis and management of early, locally advanced and metastatic PC and participated in a web-based survey (WBS) (n = 62). An expert committee meeting (CM) (n = 48, subset from WBS) reviewed the ambiguous questions for better comprehension and reanalyzed the evidence to establish a revote for specific questions.

Expert Opinion: Optimum Clinical Approach to Combination-Use of SGLT2i + DPP4i in the Indian Diabetes Setting.

The Asian-Indian phenotype of type 2 diabetes mellitus is uniquely characterized for cardio-metabolic risk. In the context of implementing patient-centric holistic cardio-metabolic risk management as a priority, the choice of various combinations of antidiabetic agents should be individualized. Combined therapy with two classes of antidiabetic agents, namely, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors, target several pathophysiological pathways.

Unusual presentation of superior mesenteric artery syndrome in a child.

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS), also known as Wilkie's syndrome, is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal tract obstruction. We report a case of a 10-year-old girl with persistent abdominal pain for over 3 months, who on extensive investigations was diagnosed with SMAS. She underwent a surgical procedure to bypass the obstructed portion of the intestine for relief of her symptoms.

Role of Low-Level Light Therapy (LLLT) in Androgenetic Alopecia.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the commonest type of alopecia affecting over half of men and women. Only two drugs have been approved so far (minoxidil and finasteride), and hair transplant is the other treatment alternative. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been claimed to be a new safe devise-based modality for stimulating hair growth in men and women in AGA.

Prescription-Event Monitoring Study on Safety and Efficacy of Levonadifloxacin (Oral and I.V.) in Management of Bacterial Infections: Findings of Real-World Observational Study.

Background: Levonadifloxacin is a novel broad-spectrum antibiotic belonging to the benzoquinolizine subclass of quinolones. It is available in intravenous as well as oral formulation for the treatment of infections caused by common Gram-positive bacterial pathogens including methicillin-resistant (MRSA).

Patients And Methods: This study retrospectively assessed the real-world safety and efficacy of levonadifloxacin (oral and/or IV) in the treatment of 1229 patients across various clinical conditions.

Cavernous Hemangioma of Cavernous Sinus: An Outcome Report of 45 Surgically Treated Patients.

Objective: To report an outcome analysis following surgical treatment of 45 patients with cavernous hemangiomas involving cavernous sinus.

Methods: From 1992 to 2020, 45 cases of cavernous hemangiomas involving the cavernous sinus were surgically treated. These patients were retrospectively analyzed.

Comparison of Patellofemoral Outcomes between Attune and PFC Sigma Designs: A Prospective Matched-Pair Analysis.

Backgroud: Attune (DePuy Synthes) prosthesis was designed to overcome patellofemoral complications associated with PFC Sigma (DePuy Synthes) prosthesis. The aim of our study was to compare the incidence of anterior knee pain (AKP), patellofemoral crepitus (PCr), and functional outcome between them.

Methods: This prospective matched-pair study was conducted between January 2014 and June 2015, during which 75 consecutive Attune total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) were matched with 75 PFC Sigma TKAs based on age, sex, body mass index, pathology, and deformity.

An evaluation of peri-operative clinical, serological and radiological parameters in hip arthroplasties -a prospective observational study of Indian cohorts.

Background: The scarcity of mortality data in our country led to systematic effort with aim of evaluating peri-operative parameters associated with mortality in hip arthroplasties to determine better fixation method and reducing avoidable variables.

Materials & Methods: 252 consecutive patients (133 males and 119 females; Mean age 58.68 years) operated for hip arthroplasties (cemented & uncemented THR and bipolar hemiarthroplasty) were observed prospectively for 2 years.

TRC150094, a Novel Mitochondrial Modulator, Reduces Cardio-Metabolic Risk as an Add-On Treatment: a Phase-2, 24-Week, Multi-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Clinical Trial.

Background: TRC150094, a novel mitochondrial modulator, reduces insulin resistance and is expected to improve the trinity of dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. In this multi-dose phase-2 study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of TRC150094 in diabetic subjects with dyslipidemia receiving standard of care.

Methods: A randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, Phase 2 study was conducted in 225 subjects from July 2013 to August 2015.

Risk Factors Analysis and Management of Cardiometabolic-Based Chronic Disease in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

The epidemic of obesity or adiposity-based chronic diseases presents a significant challenge with the rising prevalence of morbidities and mortality due to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The underlying pathophysiology of metabolic inflexibility is a common thread linking insulin resistance to cardiometabolic-based chronic disease (CMBCD), including dysglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia progressing to downstream ASCVD events. The complex CMBCD paradigm in the LMIC population within the socio-economic and cultural context highlights considerable heterogeneity of disease predisposition, clinical patterns, and socio-medical needs.

Does Postoperative Intravenous Ferric Carboxymaltose Hasten the Recovery of Hemoglobin in Patients Post Total Knee Arthroplasty?

Background: Timely and effective iron supplementation may help reduce the incidence of postoperative anemia and its associated problems. In this study, we aim to assess the efficacy of intravenous ferric carboxy maltose (FCM) on improving hemoglobin(Hb) level posttotal knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 263 patients who had undergone unilateral TKA with 157 patients in the study group (year 2019) and 106 in the control group (year 2016).

Clinical Presentations and Semen Characteristics of Men Attending the Secondary Referral Infertility Clinic at Mumbai, India.

Background: Limited information is available on the aetiology and semen profiles of male infertility in Indian population.

Aim: The aim of this study is to study the clinical and semen characteristics of men attending the infertility clinic and also to understand the impact of World Health Organization (WHO) 2010 reference values on the diagnosis of male infertility.

Setting And Design: A retrospective study evaluating the medical case records (January 2005 to December 2015, [ = 1906]) of men attending infertility clinic in Mumbai, India.

Oocyte Cryopreservation - Current Scenario and Future Perspectives: A Narrative Review.

Oocyte cryopreservation is a boon for women undergoing assisted reproductive technology. With the evolution in the technique of cryopreservation over the last three decades, there has been an exponential rise in the number of oocyte cryopreservation cycles for diverse indications. Apart from cancer patients, it has also been promoted as a mode of fertility insurance to overcome the age-related decline in fertility as well as post-surgical decline following endometriosis surgery.

Efficacy and Safety of a Phytopharmaceutical Drug Derived from Cocculus hirsutus in Adults with Moderate COVID-19: a Phase 2, Open-label, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: There is an urgent need for an effective, oral therapy for COVID-19. Purified aqueous extract of Cocculus hirsutus (AQCH) has shown robust antiviral activity in in vitro studies. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of AQCH plus standard of care in hospitalized patients with moderate COVID-19.

Ten- to 14-Year Results of a High-Flex Rotating Platform Knee Implant: A Follow-Up Report of a Prospective Cohort.

Background: High-flex posterior stabilised rotating platform (PSRP) implant was introduced to provide for deep knee flexion. Few short-term results have been reported, but there are no long-term outcomes reported.

Methods: We prospectively followed 48 patients (53 knees) implanted with one such design.

Expert Recommendations on the Usage of Non-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) from India: Current Perspective and Future Direction.

Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are a new class of anticoagulant drugs used in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Anticoagulation requires the integration of the correct type and dose of oral anticoagulants based on patient characteristic, and therefore therapy needs to be individualized for each patient. Growing scientific evidence from studies on NOACs has led to a better understanding of their benefits and safety.