Religion, community service, and identity in American youth.

The role of religion in identity development has, for many years, been a relatively neglected topic in psychology. To demonstrate the importance of religion to the formation of identity, this paper presents evidence connecting community service and religiousness in American youth. Data are reviewed that show (1) youth are heavily involved in volunteer service; (2) many youth view religion as important and those who do so are more likely to do service than youth who do not believe that religion is important in their lives; (3) involvement in church-sponsored service makes it more likely that youth will adopt the religious rationale in which service is couched; and (4) youth who do church-sponsored service are neither service "nerds" nor single-issue tunnel-visioned adolescents.

The interpersonal circle as a heuristic model for interpersonal research.

In this article, I review major advances in the development of the interpersonal circle and its measurement, as delineated by Timothy Leafy (1957) and his colleagues. In my early work (Lorr & McNair, 1963, 1965), an interpersonal Behavior Inventory consisting of manifest behavioral statements was constructed. The 14 categories were found to fit a circular order in several samples.

Personality profiles of police candidates.

Recently, Eber (1991) reported on several large-scale studies of law enforcement candidates. The main measures were the two parts of the Clinical Analysis Questionnaire (Krug, Cattell, & IPAT, 1980). Part I consists of the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire Scales, while Part II is devoted to 12 measures of psychopathology.

Some NEO-PI five-factor personality profiles.

The aim of this study was to identify any clusters of score profiles to be found in a college sample of 236 subjects administered the five-factor NEO [Neuroticism, Extroversion, Openness] Personality Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1985). Application of Ward's agglomerative hierarchical procedure to the score profiles disclosed six clusters that were replicated in a K-means partitioning process. The six clusters were then compared by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with respect to their mean five higher order scores on the Interpersonal Style Inventory (Lorr, 1986).

The Interpersonal Style Inventory and the five-factor model.

The study examined relations between the 15 scale scores of the Interpersonal Style Inventory (Lorr & Youniss, 1985) and the domain measures of the five-factor model provided by the NEO Personality Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1985). A sample of 236 college students were administered both inventories. A principal component analysis of the 5 NEO-PI domain scores and the 15 ISI scale scores followed by a Varimax rotation disclosed the expected five higher-order factors.

Friendship in adolescence.

This article reviews current theory and research on adolescent friendship and offers a framework in which friendship is developmentally characterized by reciprocity, co-construction and consensual validation. Three areas of research are reviewed: (1) the relative influence of parents and peers, (2) popularity among peers, and (3) gender differences in friendship. These conclusions are drawn: (1) although peer influence increases during adolescence, parents remain strong socializing agents throughout adolescence; (2) popularity status is associated with social behavior.

An inventory of social skills.

A social skills inventory of 128 true-false items was constructed to assess eight hypothesized bipolar dimensions. In a series of principal component analyses, seven of the constructs plus an added concept were isolated in both college and high school men and women. Some of the factors isolated were Social Assertiveness, Directiveness, Defense of Rights, Confidence, and Empathy.

Personality and symptom dimensions of the MCMI-II: an item factor analysis.

The self-reports of a sample of 248 male psychiatric patients on the MCMI-II (Millon, 1987) were factor analyzed at the item level. Principal components analyses with both Varimax and Direct Oblimin rotations were carried out separately on 120 personality disorder items and 51 clinical symptom items. As judged by the scree test, seven factors accounted for the personality disorder items, and five factors accounted for the symptom items.

Self-esteem and negative affect.

It was hypothesized that the Profile of Mood States (bipolar form) measures two higher-order dimensions: Positive and Negative Affect. It also was conjectured that subjects low in self-esteem report more Negative Affect than those high in self-esteem. POMS and the Self-Attitude Inventory were administered to 102 high school students.