Diversity and Distribution of -Lactamase Genes Circulating in Indian Isolates of Multidrug-Resistant .

(Kp) has gained prominence in the last two decades due to its global spread as a multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen. Further, carbapenem-resistant Kp are emerging at an alarming rate. The objective of this study was (1) to evaluate the prevalence of -lactamases, especially carbapenemases, in Kp isolates from India, and (2) determine the most prevalent sequence type (ST) and plasmids, and their association with -lactamases.

Recent Trends on Production Sources, Biosynthesis Pathways and Antiviral Efficacies of Artemisinin: A Candidate Phytomedicine against SARS-CoV-2.

Background: Artemisinin is a lactone sesquiterpenoid with an endo-peroxide bridge in the 1, 2, 3-trioxane structure employed for the treatment and management of lethal viral diseases. In the current review, emphasis has been given on the production of artemisinin from natural sources with biosynthesis pathways and potential antiviral activity.

Methods: A wide-ranging inquiry on artemisinin was made electronically on the basis of articles published in peer-reviewed journals, abstracts, published in conference proceedings, government reports, preprints, books, Master's and Ph.

Evaluation and Screening of Biopharmaceuticals using Multi-Angle Dynamic Light Scattering.

Biopharmaceuticals are large, complex and labile therapeutic molecules prone to instability due to various factors during manufacturing. To ensure their safety, quality and efficacy, a wide range of critical quality attributes (CQAs) such as product concentration, aggregation, particle size, purity and turbidity have to be met. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is the gold standard to measure protein aggregation and degradation.

Development and Characterization of a Novel Single-Chain Antibody Against B-Cell Activating Factor.

As a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, the B-cell activating factor (BAFF) plays a crucial role in B-cell survival and differentiation. Overexpression of this protein has been closely linked to autoimmune disorders and some B-cell malignancies. Using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the BAFF soluble domain appears to be a complementary treatment for some of these diseases.

Transcriptome analysis of the Clostridioides difficile response to a specific lactobacilli probiotic formulation: explanations for its mechanisms of action.

Aims: Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. A probiotic formulation (Bio-K+) comprised of Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285, Lacticaseibacillus casei LBC80R, and Lacti. rhamnosus CLR2 strains have been shown to reduce the incidence of CDI and antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD).

Diversification in the inositol tris/tetrakisphosphate kinase (ITPK) family: crystal structure and enzymology of the outlier AtITPK4.

Myo-inositol tris/tetrakisphosphate kinases (ITPKs) catalyze diverse phosphotransfer reactions with myo-inositol phosphate and myo-inositol pyrophosphate substrates. However, the lack of structures of nucleotide-coordinated plant ITPKs thwarts a rational understanding of phosphotransfer reactions of the family. Arabidopsis possesses a family of four ITPKs of which two isoforms, ITPK1 and ITPK4, control inositol hexakisphosphate and inositol pyrophosphate levels directly or by provision of precursors.

Impact of petroleum refinery on aquatic ecosystem of Skikda Bay (Algeria): Diversity and abundance of viable bacterial strains.

This paper reports a study on the impact of petroleum refinery effluents on the bacterial load and diversity of the aquatic ecosystem in Skikda Bay (Algeria). The results showed a large spatiotemporal variation in the isolated bacterial species. This difference between stations and seasons could be attributed to environmental factors and to the pollution rate at the different sampling sites.

Particle Nanoarchitectonics for Nanomedicine and Nanotherapeutic Drugs with Special Emphasis on Nasal Drugs and Aging.

Aging is a multifunctional physiological manifestation. The nasal cavity is considered a major site for easy and cost-effective drug and vaccine administration, due to high permeability, low enzymatic activity, and the presence of a high number of immunocompetent cells. This review article primarily focuses on aging genetics, physical parameters, and the use of nanoparticles as delivery systems of drugs and vaccines via the nasal cavity.

Designing multi-epitope vaccine against important colorectal cancer (CRC) associated pathogens based on immunoinformatics approach.

Background: It seems that several members of intestinal gut microbiota like Streptococcus bovis, Bacteroides fragilis, Helicobacter pylori, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius may be considered as the causative agents of Colorectal Cancer (CRC). The present study used bioinformatics and immunoinformatics approaches to design a potential epitope-based multi-epitope vaccine to prevent CRC with optimal population coverage.

Methods: In this study, ten amino acid sequences of CRC-related pathogens were retrieved from the NCBI database.

Insights of Endocytosis Signaling in Health and Disease.

Endocytosis in mammalian cells is a fundamental cellular machinery that regulates vital physiological processes, such as the absorption of metabolites, release of neurotransmitters, uptake of hormone cellular defense, and delivery of biomolecules across the plasma membrane. A remarkable characteristic of the endocytic machinery is the sequential assembly of the complex proteins at the plasma membrane, followed by internalization and fusion of various biomolecules to different cellular compartments. In all eukaryotic cells, functional characterization of endocytic pathways is based on dynamics of the protein complex and signal transduction modules.

Food grade nanoemulsion development to control food spoilage microorganisms on bread surface.

Unlabelled: In this study, the effect of emulsifier mixture and their concentrations on the development of nanoemulsion was studied. The impact of sonication and microfluidization processing conditions on the physicochemical properties and in vitro antimicrobial activity was also evaluated. The optimal nanoemulsion formulation was then evaluated on bread surface against .

Bioinformatics analysis of miRNA and its associated genes to identify potential biomarkers of oral submucous fibrosis and oral malignancy.

Background: MicroRNAs are a group of non-coding RNA that controls the gene expression. The interaction between miRNA and mRNA is thought to be dynamic. Oral cancer "The cancer of mouth" is quite prevailing in developing countries.

Understanding of molecular basis of histological graded horn cancer by transcriptome profiling.

Horn cancer is most devastating and prominent cancer in Indian zebu cattle that affects socio-economic condition of small-scale farmers who depends on their cattle for farm work. Development in the field for genomics through next generation sequencing and bioinformatics advancement have helped to identify genes which have a role in horn cancer development. Histopathological examination of cancerous tissues of horn revealed myxomatous changes, well, moderate and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.

RNA-sequencing attest increased sperm motility in bovine spermatozoa treated with ethanolic extract of .

Unlabelled: In the course of time, scientific communities have a growing interest in understanding ethano medicines. The , a native plant of the Indian Subcontinent is described as a "Child amulet tree" in Ayurveda. Based on the fact that this herbal medicine has an indispensable component of integrative medicine, the present study was planned to assess the effect of ethanolic dried extract of seeds on the motility of X and Y-bearing bovine spermatozoa.

Garlic and ginger essential oil-based neomycin nano-emulsions as effective and accelerated treatment for skin wounds' healing and inflammation: and studies.

Skin, largest organ of human, is directly exposed to environment and hence is prone to high rates of injuries and microbial infections. Over the passage of time these microbes have developed resistance to antibiotics making them ineffective especially in lower doses and hence, higher dosages or new drugs are required. The current study deals with designing of nano-emulsion (NE) formulations composed of garlic and ginger oils (0.

BRAF V600E and Novel Somatic Mutations in Thyroid Cancer of Libyan Patients.

Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) is a common endocrine malignancy that frequently harbours the oncogenic V600E BRAF mutation. This mutation has received considerable attention in recent years for its potential utility in the risk stratification and management of TC. This study aims to investigate BRAF mutational status in thyroid cancer of Libyan patients and their association with clinicopathological factors.

Essential oils from genus: Traditional uses, chemical composition, toxicology, and health benefits.

The genus belongs to the Amaranthaceae family and is known for its many health benefits. Therefore, it is commonly available worldwide and includes more than 47 species, five species have been mainly reported, and has been one of the most widely used plants for thousands of years as a remedy for a wide range of ailments. In recent investigations, the essential oils of the genus have been examined for their antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiviral properties related to specific components such as terpenoid compounds that exhibit pharmacological activity.

Rhizosphere microbiome analysis of healthy and infected cumin ( L.) varieties from Gujarat, India.

Cumin ( L.; ) is a popular herbal seed spice used in culinary preparation in India. Gujarat and Rajasthan are the largest producer states of cumin seeds from India, while India is also the largest supplier and exporter of cumin across the globe.

Immunosenescence and inflamm-ageing in COVID-19.

The destructive effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the elderly and people with cardiovascular disease have been proven. New findings shed light on the role of aging pathways on life span and health age. New therapies that focus on aging-related pathways may positively impact the treatment of this acute respiratory infection.

Brown Macroalgae Extract Inhibits Melanin Production and Cellular Oxygen Stress in B16F10 Melanoma Cells.

The brown macroalgae has been reported for its anti-UV and photoprotective potential for industrial applications. This study evaluated the melanin inhibition activity of (SCE) ethanol extract. Melanogenesis inhibition by SCE was assessed in vitro with B16-F10 melanoma cell models and in silico against melanin regulatory proteins Tyrosinase (TYR) and Melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R).

The effect of statins on the prevalence and mortality of influenza virus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Influenza virus infection is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and so additional therapeutic strategies to reduce the burden for healthcare systems are needed. Statins, by virtue of their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, have been hypothesized as capable of influencing the host's response against the influenza virus. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of ongoing statin treatment on susceptibility to influenza virus infection and on influenza-associated mortality.

Quality by Design in Downstream Process Development of Romiplostim.

Background: Background: Downstream processing of therapeutic recombinant proteins expressed as the inclusion bodies (IBs) in E. coli is quite challenging. This study aimed to use the quality by design approach for developing the multi-step downstream process of a structurally complex therapeutic Fc-Peptide fusion protein, romiplostim.

Synthesis of nanosize zinc oxide through aqueous sol-gel route in polyol medium.

Background: This study is aimed to synthesize nanosize zinc oxide by acid catalyzed sol-gel process using zinc nitrate hexahydrate as precursor, aqueous isopropanol as solvent and glycerin for making polyol system. The polyol mediated procedure was employed in combination with calcination induced synthesis of nanoparticles of numerous sizes obtained with the variation in calcination temperature from 500 to 900 ℃. The crystal structure of the prepared samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD).

Identification of novel exonic variants contributing to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in west Indian population.

Breast and ovarian cancers are the most common cancer types in females worldwide and in India. Patients with these cancers require an early diagnosis which is essential for better prognosis, treatment and improved patient survival. Recently, the utilization of next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based screening has accelerated molecular diagnosis of various cancers.