Collectrin ( deficiency in proximal tubules causes hypertension in mice and a variant associates with blood pressure in males in a Latino cohort.

Collectrin (), an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 homologue, is a chaperone of amino acid transporters in the kidney and endothelium. Global collectrin knockout (KO) mice have hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, exaggerated salt sensitivity, and diminished renal blood flow. This phenotype is associated with altered nitric oxide and superoxide balance and increased proximal tubule (PT) Na/H exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3) expression.

A validated artificial intelligence-based pipeline for population-wide primary immunodeficiency screening.

Background: Identification of patients with underlying inborn errors of immunity and inherent susceptibility to infection remains challenging. The ensuing protracted diagnostic odyssey for such patients often results in greater morbidity and suboptimal outcomes, underscoring a need to develop systematic methods for improving diagnostic rates.

Objective: The principal aim of this study is to build and validate a generalizable analytical pipeline for population-wide detection of infection susceptibility and risk of primary immunodeficiency.

Visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure variability is associated with increased fatigue symptoms in multiple sclerosis patients.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure variability (SBPv) and fatigue symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using data for MS patients who completed the Fatigue Subscale in the Performance Scales (PS), a validated, self-reported measure of MS-related disability, between 2011 and 2015 at an academic medical center. Those who had at least 3 available SBP measures within the prior 12 months of the survey were included in the analysis.

Severe Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia in a Multiparous Female With No Prior History.

Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is the most common cause of severe thrombocytopenia in newborns. It is also the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in full-term infants that present with severe thrombocytopenia, given its association with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). NAIT can present in many ways depending on the severity of platelet destruction.

Integrated Osteopathic-Neurologic Examinations With Musculoskeletal Treatment: The ONE Approach.

The global burden of neurologic disorders is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide and has increased the demand for treatments and rehabilitation. Our proposed integrated osteopathic-neurologic examination (ONE) provides the physician with expanded diagnostic and point-of-care treatment modalities while allowing the physician to make a more tangible effect in patient care. By incorporating the osteopathic structural somatic examination with the complete neurologic evaluation, somatic dysfunction, occurring as a consequence or independent of neurologic injury, can be identified and treated using osteopathic manipulative techniques at time of visit.

Dextroamphetamine-Amphetamine Augmentation in the Treatment of Treatment-Resistant Depression.

There is much debate over a precise definition of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) as well as the method of staging this illness. Although there is some non-consensus on a definition for TRD, the most widely accepted definition of TRD is a failure to achieve clinical improvement of depressive symptoms following a trial of two or more antidepressant medications from two or more different pharmacological classes at adequate dosage, duration, and compliance. Some sources lower the threshold to failure of one medication, but most support two medications.

Immunosuppression in Patients With Primary Immunodeficiency-Walking the Line.

Individuals with primary immunodeficiency (PIDD) experience not only infectious complications but also immune dysregulation leading to autoimmunity, inflammation, and lymphoproliferative manifestations. Management of these complications often requires treatment with additional immunosuppressive medications, which pose an additional risk of infectious complications. Immunosuppression in individuals with PIDD therefore requires careful assessment and consideration of risks and benefits.

Utilizing timed categorical recall (naming US cities) for rapid bedside dementia screening.

The availability of fast validated screening for dementia is a critical clinical need to improve neurologic examination time efficiency. This study validated a 1-minute timed categorical recall (TCR) method, naming as many US cities as possible and compared TCR to the Folstein Minimental Status Exam (MMSE) as a preliminary cognitive screening tool. Random uncompensated 349 volunteers were recruited ages 18 to 97 from local free clinics, retirement homes, university faculty, and students in Lynchburg, Virginia 2015 to 2020.

Dolutegravir Inhibits Proliferation and Motility of BT-20 Tumor Cells Through Inhibition of Human Endogenous Retrovirus Type K.

Increasing evidence points to the role of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) in driving cancer cell proliferation. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of repurposing antiretroviral agents to inhibit ERVs as a new approach to cancer treatment. We found that an integrase strand-transfer inhibitor, dolutegravir (DTG), effectively inhibited the proliferation of multiple cancer cell lines and its antiproliferative potency was positively correlated with the expression levels of the human endogenous retrovirus type K (HERV-K).

Time-dependent effects of storage at -80 °C on the stability of butyrylcholinesterase activity in human serum.

Objectives: Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an important biomarker in serum, and aberrant BChE activity indicates onset and progression of human diseases. The duration of serum storage at -80 °C may introduce variability into and compromise the reproducibility of BChE activity measurements.

Design And Methods: We collected serum samples from eight healthy volunteers and determined serum BChE activity in these samples using a sensitive fluorescence assay at various time points during a six-month storage period at -80 °C.

Sports Medicine: Athletes and Physically Active People With Diabetes.

Physical activity has many health benefits in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Clinicians must be comfortable counseling patients with both types of diabetes on how to participate safely in various types of physical activity. According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), most people with diabetes do not need further testing before initiation of low- to moderate-intensity exercise.

Identification and Characterization of Tunneling Nanotubes Involved in Human Mast Cell FcεRI-Mediated Apoptosis of Cancer Cells.

Mast cells (MCs) are found in practically all tissues where they participate in innate and adaptive immune responses. They are also found in and around tumors, yet their interactions with cancer cells and the resulting impact on cancer cell growth and metastasis are not well understood. In this study, we examined a novel mechanism of IgE-FcεRI-mediated, intercellular communication between human adipose-derived mast cells (ADMC) and cancer cells.

Septic Aspiration Pneumonia After Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding for Morbid Obesity.

The laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) surgery is a minimally invasive procedure performed to help with weight loss in patients with advanced obesity with a body mass index (BMI) of >40 kg/m² or above 35 kg/m² with comorbid obesity-related health conditions (hypertension, type two diabetes mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea, etc). Although this surgery is effective for weight loss, it is imperative that close follow-up and aftercare are conducted in order to circumvent severe and rare esophageal and pulmonary complications. We report a case of systemic pulmonary and esophageal complications associated with LAGB that required immediate medical and surgical intervention in a female patient.

A case report of scrotal lipoma and review of lipoma pathogenesis.

Scrotal lipoma is a type of rare benign mesenchymal tumor. These lipomas can masquerade as inguinal hernias that can cause surgical dilemmas. The size of lipomas can vary, with some growing into remarkably large masses.

Human Tumor Targeted Cytotoxic Mast Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy.

The diversity of autologous cells being used and investigated for cancer therapy continues to increase. Mast cells (MCs) are tissue cells that contain a unique set of anti-cancer mediators and are found in and around tumors. We sought to exploit the anti-tumor mediators in MC granules to selectively target them to tumor cells using tumor specific immunoglobin E (IgE) and controllably trigger release of anti-tumor mediators upon tumor cell engagement.

Gallbladder cancer presenting as hemobilia on capsule endoscopy.

Gallbladder adenocarcinoma is a rare gastrointestinal malignancy and is associated with a poor prognosis. These malignancies are most often discovered incidentally in [Formula: see text]1% of all cholecystectomy procedures. We report an 80-year-old male patient with iron deficiency anemia, who underwent an unremarkable endoscopy and colonoscopy, and was subsequently found to have hemobilia discovered on capsule endoscopy.

Sensitive Assay for the Lactonase Activity of Serum Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) by Harnessing the Fluorescence Turn-On Characteristics of Bioorthogonally Synthesized and Geometrically Controlled Chemical Probes.

The lactonase activity of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) has a crucial antiatherogenic function, and also serves as an important biochemical marker in human blood because the aberrant lactonase activity of PON1 is a key indicator for a number of diverse human diseases. However, no sensitive fluorescence assays that detect PON1 lactonase activity are available. We report the synthesis of two fluorescence turn-on chemical probes and () able to quantify PON1 lactonase activity.

Harnessing the Anti-Tumor Mediators in Mast Cells as a New Strategy for Adoptive Cell Transfer for Cancer.

The emergence of cancer immunotherapies utilizing adoptive cell transfer (ACT) continues to be one of the most promising strategies for cancer treatment. Mast cells (MCs) which occur throughout vascularized tissues, are most commonly associated with Type I hypersensitivity, bind immunoglobin E (IgE) with high affinity, produce anti-cancer mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and generally populate the tumor microenvironments. Yet, the role of MCs in cancer pathologies remains controversial with evidence for both anti-tumor and pro-tumor effects.

Influence of Pathogen Carbon Metabolism on Interactions With Host Immunity.

is a ubiquitous opportunistic fungal pathogen typically causing disease in immunocompromised individuals and is globally responsible for about 15% of AIDS-related deaths annually first causes pulmonary infection in the host and then disseminates to the brain, causing meningoencephalitis. The yeast must obtain and metabolize carbon within the host in order to survive in the central nervous system and cause disease. Communication between pathogen and host involves recognition of multiple carbon-containing compounds on the yeast surface: polysaccharide capsule, fungal cell wall, and glycosylated proteins comprising the major immune modulators.

Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Why It's an Emergency.

This review shows the importance of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) as a significant cause of hearing loss that often goes under-recognized, especially by primary care physicians. Contrasted with conductive hearing loss, SSNHL involves inner ear damage. This work reviewed the diagnostic methods and treatments of SSNHL in the U.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Resident Physicians Well-Being in the Surgical and Primary Care Specialties in the United States and Canada.

Purpose:  The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the professional, social, and spiritual activities of resident physicians around the world, impacting wellness and personal relationships. Moreover, social distancing caused significant limitations or shutdown of places of worship, including churches, synagogues, mosques, etc. Our goal was to survey resident physicians in primary care and surgical subspecialties in the United States (U.

Pulmonary metastatic melanoma: current state of diagnostic imaging and treatments.

Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer with an estimated incidence of over 160,000 cases annually and about 41,000 melanoma-related deaths per year worldwide. Malignant melanoma (MM) primarily occurs in the skin but has been described in other organs. Although the respiratory system is generally afflicted by tumors such as lung cancer, it is also rarely affected by primary MM.

78-year-old man • tail bone pain • unintended weight loss • history of diabetes and hypertension • Dx?

► Tail bone pain ► Unintended weight loss ► History of diabetes and hypertension.

Amyloid Burden in Alzheimer's Disease Patients Is Associated with Alterations in Circadian Rhythm.

Background And Purpose: In this study we evaluated the relationship between amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and 3 aspects of sleep quality in a group of clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.

Methods: We used self-report questionnaires to assess the quality of sleep using 3 previously established surveys: the Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). These questionnaires focused on the sleep effort, sleep efficiency, and circadian rhythm patterns of each participant.