1,473 results match your criteria: "Liaquat University of Health & Medical Sciences[Affiliation]"

Non-technical skills for neurosurgeons: An international survey.

Brain Spine

August 2024

Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico "C. Besta", Milano, Italy.

Article Synopsis
  • Neurosurgery requires not only technical skills but also non-technical skills (NTSs) to achieve mastery, highlighting the importance of both in surgical practice.
  • An international survey of 372 neurosurgeons indicates that qualities like attention to detail, humility, and self-awareness are vital for surgical precision and effective teamwork.
  • The study advocates for integrated training that includes simulations and mentorship to enhance NTSs, while also stressing the need for research aimed at improving educational methods, especially in regions with unequal access to neurosurgical care.
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COVID-19 patients with already existing chronic medical conditions are more likely to develop severe complications and, ultimately, a higher risk of mortality. This study analyzes the impacts of pre-existing chronic illnesses such as diabetes (DM), hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) on COVID-19 cases by using radiological chest imaging. The data of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19-infected hospitalized patients were analyzed from March 2020 to December 2020.

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Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most prevalent diet-related disorder and mainly affects women and children. To determine the trend of anemia incidence in Pakistan, a current review was carried out. This review aimed to estimate the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women and adult/adolescent nonpregnant women in Pakistan and to provide a 15-year trend analysis.

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  • Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is a standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke, but current guidelines advise against its use in patients on Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) taken within 48 hours prior due to the risk of serious bleeding.
  • A study analyzed four research articles involving over 238,000 stroke patients and found that patients who used DOACs had a lower chance of developing symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and a greater chance of being functionally independent after 90 days compared to those who didn’t.
  • The results suggest that IVT is a safe treatment option for acute ischemic stroke in patients who recently took DOAC
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Background: Leadership is a critical competency for medical professionals, yet it is often neglected in medical training. For ObGyn residents, leadership training is particularly crucial as it significantly impacts both maternal and newborn outcomes, as well as the operational efficiency of healthcare teams. The main objective of this study was to assess the perceptions of obstetrics and gynecology residents who served as group leaders in the emergency team at the Department of Gynecology, Ward 3, Dr.

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  • The study presents a case series of 49 patients who underwent minimally invasive tubular surgery for spinal schwannomas and neurofibromas, highlighting the procedure’s effectiveness and safety.
  • The authors review existing literature on similar cases, providing insights into surgical outcomes and patient recovery following the procedure.
  • The article emphasizes the potential benefits of minimally invasive techniques over traditional surgeries, such as reduced recovery time and lower complication rates.
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Infertility, which affects 8%-12% of couples worldwide and 21.9% of couples in Pakistan in particular, is a major reproductive health issue. In vitro fertilization (IVF) has emerged as a prevalent therapeutic intervention.

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  • * There is an increasing link between CD and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) like atherosclerosis and arrhythmia, attributed to factors like chronic inflammation and nutrient deficiencies.
  • * The article reviews how CD may lead to different CVD outcomes, analyzing existing studies that show both positive and negative effects of CD on cardiovascular health.
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  • Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is often favored over surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for patients with severe aortic stenosis and significant surgical risks, especially among obese individuals.
  • A systematic review of 5 studies involving 16,161 patients found that TAVI is associated with lower in-hospital mortality, fewer cases of acute kidney injury, and shorter hospital stays compared to SAVR.
  • However, TAVI had higher rates of permanent pacemaker implantation and major vascular complications, indicating that while TAVI is generally beneficial for obese patients, a tailored approach to treatment is essential for optimal results.
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Background: Del Nido cardioplegia (DNC) has extensively been used for pediatric population undergoing cardiac surgery. However, its use in adult cardiac surgeries have been limited thus, its benefits are not yet fully known. This analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of DNC versus any other type of cardioplegia in adult patients who are undergoing cardiac surgery.

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  • Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a serious brain condition in newborns that affects how their bodies work, especially their brain and blood sugar levels.
  • Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) and high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) can make NE worse and are linked to serious problems like death and disabilities.
  • Doctors use cooling treatment (therapeutic hypothermia) to help protect the brain, and new methods like checking blood sugar levels often and using glucagon (a medication) can help manage blood sugar and improve health for these babies.
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Article Synopsis
  • * It emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in treating both conditions together and suggests specific treatment options like prokinetic agents and surgical options such as laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
  • * The findings aim to enhance understanding in the fields of gastroenterology and endocrinology and serve as a basis for future research and improved patient care strategies.
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  • Chronic migraine significantly affects young women and has major societal impacts; this study evaluates the effectiveness of Greater Occipital Nerve Block (GONB) using local anesthetics versus a placebo.
  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies found that GONB led to a notable decrease in headache intensity and frequency within the first two months, with no significant increase in adverse events compared to the placebo group.
  • The study concludes that while GONB is safe and effective, more extensive research is needed to confirm results and explore different treatment options for chronic migraine management.
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  • This systematic review examines the implications of supranormal left ventricular ejection fraction (snLVEF) in heart failure and its relationship with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
  • The review included various imaging techniques to analyze studies that connect snLVEF with cardiovascular outcomes, discovering a heightened risk of MACE, especially in women.
  • Despite some conflicting evidence, it suggests that snLVEF (>65%) correlates with increased MACE risk, highlighting the need for personalized risk management strategies in heart failure patients.
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  • The meta-analysis compares robotic-assisted rectal surgery (RARS) and laparoscopic-assisted rectal surgery for treating rectal cancer, evaluating their advantages, disadvantages, and outcomes.
  • RARS demonstrated a lower conversion rate to open surgery and a reduced reoperation rate compared to laparoscopic surgery, with no significant differences in most postoperative complications.
  • The findings suggest that RARS may be safer and more effective, though larger, high-quality studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Introduction: serovar Enteritidis and serovar Typhimurium are among the main causative agents of nontyphoidal Salmonella infections, imposing a significant global health burden. The emergence of antibiotic resistance in these pathogens underscores the need for innovative therapeutic strategies.

Objective: To identify proteins as potential drug targets against and Salmonella Typhimurium serovars using approaches.

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The discovery of inhibitors for sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) has significantly improved type 2 diabetes management. Large-scale clinical studies have shown that both SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 RA enhance cardiovascular health. Benefits include reduced cardiovascular disease risk, lower mortality, fewer heart failure hospitalizations (SGLT2 inhibitors), and stroke prevention (GLP-1 RA).

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Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disorder debilitating mainly in adults.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the trends in HD-related mortality regarding various demographic factors.

Methods: Death certificates from the CDC WONDER were studied from 1999 to 2019, for HD-related mortality in adults aged 25 + years.

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Background: Epilepsy remains a significant public health concern in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where diverse etiological factors contribute to its prevalence. Among these factors are conditions originating from the neuroectoderm, such as tuberous sclerosis. Insufficient medical attention and a lack of comprehensive multidisciplinary care contribute to its under-recognition.

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Arrhythmias are increasingly recognized as severe complications of precapillary pulmonary hypertension, encompassing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Despite their significant contribution to symptoms, morbidity, in-hospital mortality, and potentially sudden death in PAH/CTEPH, there remains a lack of comprehensive data on epidemiology, pathophysiology, and outcomes to inform the management of these patients. This review provides an overview of the latest evidence on this subject, spanning from the molecular mechanisms underlying arrhythmias in the hypertrophied or failing right heart to the clinical aspects of epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment.

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