A cell-free DNA colorectal cancer screening test promising enhanced accessibility and early detection.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health challenge, with approximately 1.9 million new cases and 930,000 deaths reported in 2020. The highest incidence rates are observed in Australia/New Zealand and Europe, while lower rates are found in Africa and Southern Asia.

Intranasal Insulin for Treatment of Persistent Post-COVID-19 Olfactory Dysfunction: A Scoping Review.

Olfactory dysfunction has emerged as a prominent symptom of COVID-19, persisting in a subset of patients even after recovery. This scoping review aims to explore the potential of intranasal insulin as a treatment modality for persistent post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to gather relevant studies examining the role of intranasal insulin in treating olfactory dysfunction, particularly in post-COVID-19 cases.

Serum uric acid: an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in Pakistani Punjabi patients.

Background: It is well-known that serum uric acid (SUA) can increase the risk of hypertension, diabetes, obesity and dyslipidemia. However, its independent association with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is controversial particularly in different populations. Hence, this study was aimed to assess an independent association of SUA with CVD risk in a Punjabi Pakistani cohort.

Exploring medical students' perceptions of telehealth in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate medical students' perceptions of telehealth in Pakistan and assess the relationship between students' proficiency in computers and technology, gender, and age.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 330 medical students from various universities in Karachi, Pakistan. Data on demographic characteristics, computer proficiency, and perceptions of telehealth were collected using a self-administered questionnaire.

Neuro-inflammatory pathways in COVID-19-induced central nervous system injury: Implications for prevention and treatment strategies.

This review explores the neuroinflammatory pathways underlying COVID-19-induced central nervous system (CNS) injury, with a focus on mechanisms of brain damage and strategies for prevention. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to summarize current knowledge on the pathways by which SARS-CoV-2 reaches the brain, the neuroinflammatory responses triggered by viral infection, neurological symptoms and long COVID. Results: We discuss the mechanisms of neuroinflammation in COVID-19, including blood-brain barrier disruption, cytokine storm, microglial activation, and peripheral immune cell infiltration.

Shared Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Psoriasis: Unraveling the Connection.

Psoriasis (PS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are immune-mediated chronic conditions that share pathophysiological processes, including immune system dysfunction, microbiome dysbiosis, and inflammatory pathways. These pathways result in increased turnover of epithelial cells and compromised barrier function. The assessment of the literature suggests that immunopathogenic mechanisms, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α signaling and IL-23/IL-17 axis dysregulation, are shared by PS and IBD.

Trends in cerebrovascular disease-related mortality among older adults in the United States from 1999 to 2020: An analysis of gender, race/ethnicity, and geographical disparities.

Background: One of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and death is cerebrovascular disease in the US. The manifestations and pathophysiology of cerebrovascular disease are significantly impacted by ageing and determine the quality of one's late life. However, contemporary mortality trends in cerebrovascular disease and comparison to older adults of different gender, race, and geographic disparities have not been fully examined.

Efficacy of Metformin-Cabergoline Compared to Metformin Monotherapy for Management of PCOS With Hyperprolactinemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Metformin plays a major part in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome .Trials are being conducted to compare the effectiveness of combination of metformin with cabergoline in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia and polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of metformin monotherapy and combination therapy with cabergoline versus metformin for the management of polycystic ovarian syndrome with hyperprolactinemia.

Smoking is a predominant risk factor for coronary artery disease among Indians.

Smoking has emerged as a predominant risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) in India, contributing significantly to the country's rising cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates. The adverse effects of tobacco on cardiovascular health are well-documented, exacerbating a public health challenge in a nation with a high prevalence of smoking. Therefore, it is of interest to analyse the impact of smoking on the incidence and progression of coronary artery disease among the Indian population, emphasizing the need for targeted public health interventions to mitigate this risk factor.

Impact of Long-Term Non-Communicable Diseases on SARS-COV-2 Hospitalized Patients Supported by Radiological Imaging in Southern Pakistan.

COVID-19 patients with already existing chronic medical conditions are more likely to develop severe complications and, ultimately, a higher risk of mortality. This study analyzes the impacts of pre-existing chronic illnesses such as diabetes (DM), hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) on COVID-19 cases by using radiological chest imaging. The data of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19-infected hospitalized patients were analyzed from March 2020 to December 2020.

Uncovering the hidden health burden: a systematic review and meta-analysis of iron deficiency anemia among adolescents, and pregnant women in Pakistan.

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most prevalent diet-related disorder and mainly affects women and children. To determine the trend of anemia incidence in Pakistan, a current review was carried out. This review aimed to estimate the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women and adult/adolescent nonpregnant women in Pakistan and to provide a 15-year trend analysis.