Unlocking the Potential: Phytoestrogens and Cardiovascular Health.

Phytoestrogens are plant-derived compounds resembling human estrogen and have recently gained attention due to their potential role in improving cardiovascular health. These compounds exert their effects through various mechanisms, including interactions with estrogen receptors, growth factor receptors, inflammatory mediators, thrombogenic reactions, and apoptotic pathways. This results in cardioprotective effects like modulating endothelial function, decreasing vessel tone, reducing inflammation, altering lipid profiles, and influencing arrhythmogenesis.

Contagion comeback: unravelling the measles outbreak across the USA.

Measles, a highly contagious respiratory illness caused by the measles virus (MeV), poses significant global and national public health challenges despite advancements in vaccination efforts. Though measles was declared eliminated in the United States in 2000, recent years have seen a resurgence of cases, particularly in under-vaccinated communities. This resurgence is compounded by factors such as vaccine hesitancy, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immunization rates, and international travel introducing new cases from endemic regions.

Radiation therapy, radiosurgery, chemotherapy and targeted therapies for metastatic spine tumors: WFNS Spine committee recommendations.

Objective: This review aims to formulate the most current, evidence-based recommendations regarding radiation therapy, radiosurgery, and chemotherapy for patients with metastatic spine tumors.

Methods: A systematic literature using PRISMA methodology was performed from 2010-2023 using the search terms "radiosurgery," "radiation therapy," "external beam radiation therapy," or "stereotactic body radiation therapy" in conjunction with "spinal," "spine," "metastasis," "metastases," or "metastatic."

Results: Spinal metastases should be managed in a multidisciplinary team consisting of spine surgeons, radiation oncologists, radiologists and oncologists.

A Comparative Analysis of Clinical Features of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 With Respect to Duration of Diabetes.

Objectives Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive beta-cell dysfunction. As diabetes persists over time, more pronounced symptoms like polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and complications like neuropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular issues may develop. Therefore, this study assessed the clinical symptoms associated with type 2 diabetes regarding the duration of diabetes.

Unlocking the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in revolutionizing type 2 diabetes management: a comprehensive review.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term metabolic disorder caused by inadequate production and resistance to insulin. The prevalence of DM is rapidly increasing, with type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounting for more than 90% of cases. Despite new treatments, many patients with T2D do not meet their glycemic targets due to clinical inertia.

PREVALENCE OF EXHUMATION IN DISTRICT HYDERABAD: A LOCAL EXPERIENCE.

Background: Exhumation of bodies for forensic purposes serves as a pivotal tool in medico-legal investigations, yet there is scant data on the practice within the Pakistani context, particularly in the District of Hyderabad. Aim & Objective were to investigate the prevalence and outcomes of exhumations in Hyderabad, contributing to the knowledge base and understanding the cultural and legal factors influencing post-mortem examinations.

Methods: A descriptive, observational, and retrospective analysis of 95 medicolegal exhumations carried out over two years, examining demographic data, the interval between death and exhumation, putrefactive changes, and the determination of the cause of death.

The prevalence of undiagnosed attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among undergraduate medical students: a survey from Pakistan.

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is now acknowledged as a significant public health concern, a persistent neurodevelopmental disorder. It poses challenges across various life domains, persisting into adulthood, and is often undiagnosed. From July 2023 to December 2023, this study investigated the prevalence, types, participants' knowledge and perceptions, and demographic determinants of undiagnosed adult ADHD among undergraduate medical students in Pakistan.

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia With Poor Clinical Outcome: Key Lessons To Be Learned.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) refers to the abnormal protrusion of abdominal contents (stomach, intestine) into the thoracic cavity, leading to the underdevelopment of the lungs (pulmonary hypoplasia). It is a critical neonatal condition that presents significant challenges in both diagnosis and management, especially in resource-limited countries. This case report describes a term female baby born via normal vaginal delivery to a mother with no prenatal care.

Efficacy and safety of Piclidenoson in the treatment of plaque psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Psoriasis, an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by hyperproliferation of keratinocytes, affects 0.2-4.8% of the global population.

Comparing DCE-MRI and DSA: Understanding the embolization of hypervascular spinal metastases.

This study aims to examine and compare the effectiveness of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) in evaluating hypervascular spinal metastases. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, utilizing top-tier databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, to compile an authoritative and up-to-date overview of the current advancements in the field. We synthesized key studies focusing on the advantages, limitations and efficacy of both imaging techniques.

Evaluating efficacy and safety of laser interstitial thermal therapy in patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Glioblastoma (GB), the most common malignant brain tumour, has a poor prognosis despite advances in treatment. Standard management involves surgery followed by chemoradiotherapy. MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive technique that may offer an option for select patients with specific clinical profiles.

Complication avoidance, rehabilitation, pain therapy and palliative care for patients with metastatic spine tumors: WFNS spine committee recommendations.

Objective: This review aims to formulate the most current, evidence-based recommendations regarding complication avoidance, rehabilitation, pain therapy and palliative care for patients with metastatic spine tumors.

Methods: A systematic literature search in PubMed and MEDLINE, and was performed from 2013 to 2023 using the search terms "complications" + "spine metastases", "spine metastases" + + "rehabilitation", "spine metastases" + "pain therapy" + "palliative care". Screening criteria resulted in 35, 15 and 56 studies respectively that were analyzed.

Discovering down's syndrome: An account from A low middle income country.

Objective: This study aims to establish the frequency of Down's syndrome which will enhance the knowledge of our local population as well to understand our genotypic patterns and variations.

Methods: Electronic Medical Records of inborn babies at the Department of Neonatology, Sheikh Saeed Memorial Campus of The Indus Hospital Karachi during the study period from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2022 were retrieved. Chromosomal karyotyping was done for all babies with suspicious clinical features identified on routine new born examination by consultant neonatologists, trainee doctors and experienced nurses.

Enhancing cancer care through addressing a neglected pillar: a narrative review on quality of life in Pakistani patients.

The current narrative review was planned to evaluate the quality of life of Pakistani cancer patients. Using relevant questionnaires and comparing global data over the last 2 decades, the review planned to explore artificial intelligence's role in cancer care, and to develop strategies for better outcomes. The review yielded poor results and exposed huge and neglected gaps in the overall approach towards the management of cancer patients based on different tumour types and categories.