anchor of NaTiO in nitrogen-rich carbon hollow red blood cell-like structure as a 0D-3D hierarchical electrode material for efficient electrochemical desalination.

Reasonable design of the structure and complementary compounding of electrode materials is helpful to enhance capacitive deionization (CDI) performance. Herein, a novel 0D-3D hierarchical electrode material containing NaTiO nanoparticles anchored at hollow red blood cell (HRBC)-like nitrogen-rich carbon (HRBC-NTO/N-C-60) was prepared selective protection, pyrolysis, and alkalization. Specifically, a HRBC-like NH-MIL-125-based material (HRBC-MOF-60) was first constructed by a selective protection approach of tannic acid (TN), which addresses the shortcomings of using sacrificial templates or corrosive agents.