TRPP2 and STIM1 form a microdomain to regulate store-operated Ca entry and blood vessel tone.

Background: Polycystin-2 (TRPP2) is a Ca permeable nonselective cationic channel essential for maintaining physiological function in live cells. Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is an important Ca sensor in store-operated Ca entry (SOCE). Both TRPP2 and STIM1 are expressed in endoplasmic reticular membrane and participate in Ca signaling, suggesting a physical interaction and functional synergism.

MCM family in gastrointestinal cancer and other malignancies: From functional characterization to clinical implication.

Despite the recent advances in cancer research and treatment, gastrointestinal (GI) cancers remain the most common deadly disease worldwide. The aberrant DNA replication serves as a major source of genomic instability and enhances cell proliferation that contributes to tumor initiation and progression. Minichromosome maintenance family (MCMs) is a well-recognized group of proteins responsible for DNA synthesis.

Tests that now deserve to be more widely adopted in IBD clinical practice.

Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic relapsing immune-mediated diseases of the intestinal tract with multifaceted manifestations and treatment related morbidity. Faecal and blood tests, radiological, endoscopic and histologic investigations are now widely used for managing both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Over the years, a number of new investigations have been proposed but not widely adopted yet.

Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography measurement of mitral valve area in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis: multiplanar reconstruction or 3D direct planimetry?

3D direct planimetry is increasingly used in clinical practice as a rapid way to measure the mitral valve area (MVA) in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) who underwent three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE). However, data on its accuracy and reliability are scarce. This study aimed to compare the MVA measurements obtained by 3D direct planimetry to the conventional technique multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) in MS patients using 3D-TEE.

Depicting SARS-CoV-2 faecal viral activity in association with gut microbiota composition in patients with COVID-19.

Objective: Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA was detected in faeces of patients with COVID-19, the activity and infectivity of the virus in the GI tract during disease course is largely unknown. We investigated temporal transcriptional activity of SARS-CoV-2 and its association with longitudinal faecal microbiome alterations in patients with COVID-19.

Design: We performed RNA shotgun metagenomics sequencing on serial faecal viral extractions from 15 hospitalised patients with COVID-19.

Associations of clinical characteristics and treatment regimens with the duration of viral RNA shedding in patients with COVID-19.

Objective: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global pandemic, but the factors influencing viral RNA shedding, which would help inform optimal control strategies, remain unclear.

Methods: The clinical course and viral RNA shedding pattern of 267 consecutive symptomatic COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital from January 20, 2020 to March 15, 2020 were evaluated retrospectively.

Results: The median duration of viral RNA shedding was 12 days (interquartile range 8-16 days) after the onset of illness.

Alterations in Fecal Fungal Microbiome of Patients With COVID-19 During Time of Hospitalization until Discharge.

Background & Aims: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects intestinal cells, and might affect the intestinal microbiota. We investigated changes in the fecal fungal microbiomes (mycobiome) of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection during hospitalization and on recovery.

Methods: We performed deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis of fecal samples from 30 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hong Kong, from February 5 through May 12, 2020.

Author Correction: Crohn's disease.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Alterations in Gut Microbiota of Patients With COVID-19 During Time of Hospitalization.

Background & Aims: Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects gastrointestinal tissues, little is known about the roles of gut commensal microbes in susceptibility to and severity of infection. We investigated changes in fecal microbiomes of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection during hospitalization and associations with severity and fecal shedding of virus.

Methods: We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing analyses of fecal samples from 15 patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hong Kong, from February 5 through March 17, 2020.

Author Correction: Crohn's disease.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Corticosteroids, But Not TNF Antagonists, Are Associated With Adverse COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Results From an International Registry.

Background And Aims: The impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is unknown. We sought to characterize the clinical course of COVID-19 among patients with IBD and evaluate the association among demographics, clinical characteristics, and immunosuppressant treatments on COVID-19 outcomes.

Methods: Surveillance Epidemiology of Coronavirus Under Research Exclusion for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (SECURE-IBD) is a large, international registry created to monitor outcomes of patients with IBD with confirmed COVID-19.

Review article: prevention, diagnosis and management of COVID-19 in the IBD patient.

Background: The current COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has emerged as a public health emergency. All nations are seriously challenged as the virus spreads rapidly across the globe with no regard for borders. The primary management of IBD involves treating uncontrolled inflammation with most patients requiring immune-based therapies.

Practical recommendations for the management of diabetes in patients with COVID-19.

Diabetes is one of the most important comorbidities linked to the severity of all three known human pathogenic coronavirus infections, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of severe complications including Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome and multi-organ failure. Depending on the global region, 20-50% of patients in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had diabetes.

AMOTL1 enhances YAP1 stability and promotes YAP1-driven gastric oncogenesis.

Hippo signaling functions to limit cellular growth, but the aberrant nuclear accumulation of its downstream YAP1 leads to carcinogenesis. YAP1/TEAD complex activates the oncogenic downstream transcription, such as CTGF and c-Myc. How YAP1 is protected in the cytoplasm from ubiquitin-mediated degradation remains elusive.

Publisher Correction: Crohn's disease.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease that is characterized by chronic inflammation of any part of the gastrointestinal tract, has a progressive and destructive course and is increasing in incidence worldwide. Several factors have been implicated in the cause of Crohn's disease, including a dysregulated immune system, an altered microbiota, genetic susceptibility and environmental factors, but the cause of the disease remains unknown. The onset of the disease at a young age in most cases necessitates prompt but long-term treatment to prevent disease flares and disease progression with intestinal complications.

Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Pregnancy in Females with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An International, Multi-centre Study.

Background And Aims: Poor knowledge of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] in pregnancy underlies unwarranted voluntary childlessness [VC], and risks poorer obstetric outcomes and adverse fetal outcomes. IBD is increasing worldwide but education on IBD issues might be heterogeneous based on cultural differences and variations in models of care.

Methods: Consecutive female IBD subjects aged 18-45 years were prospectively recruited from two dedicated IBD-pregnancy clinics, two multidisciplinary IBD clinics and nine general gastroenterology clinics.

Association between chronic endometritis and uterine natural killer cell density in women with recurrent miscarriage: clinical implications.

Aim: This aim of this study was to determine the association between uterine natural killer (uNK) cell density and chronic endometritis (CE).

Methods: Endometrial biopsies from 135 women with recurrent miscarriage were obtained precisely 7 days after luteinizing hormone surge in natural cycles. Endometrial sections were immunostained for CD56 for uNK cells and CD138 for plasma cells, respectively.

Correction to: Persistent poor glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes in developing countries: 12 years of real-world evidence of the International Diabetes Management Practices Study (IDMPS).

Unfortunately, the standard deviations for 'last HbA measurement' in mmol/mol were miscalculated in Table 1 of this paper.

Gastric cancer: genome damaged by bugs.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. The role of the microorganisms in gastric tumorigenesis attracts much attention in recent years. These microorganisms include bacteria, virus, and fungi.

Epidemiology of fibrostenosing inflammatory bowel disease.

Fibrostenosis occurs in both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Up to 21% of patients with CD present with strictures at diagnosis, while the rate of stenosis varies from 1% to 11% in UC. Despite the increasing use of immunomodulators and biologics in treatment, there has been no decrease in the rate of progression from inflammatory to complicated disease phenotypes (either stricturing or penetrating).

Development and validation of algorithms to classify type 1 and 2 diabetes according to age at diagnosis using electronic health records.

Background: Validated algorithms to classify type 1 and 2 diabetes (T1D, T2D) are mostly limited to white pediatric populations. We conducted a large study in Hong Kong among children and adults with diabetes to develop and validate algorithms using electronic health records (EHRs) to classify diabetes type against clinical assessment as the reference standard, and to evaluate performance by age at diagnosis.

Methods: We included all people with diabetes (age at diagnosis 1.

Incidence of Celiac Disease Is Increasing Over Time: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objectives: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis that defines the worldwide incidence of celiac disease (CD) and examines temporal trends.

Methods: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for population-based studies reporting the incidence of CD in the overall population, children, or adults. No limits were placed on year or language of publication.