Bioprinted research models of urological malignancy.

Urological malignancy (UM) is among the leading threats to health care worldwide. Recent years have seen much investment in fundamental UM research, including mechanistic investigation, early diagnosis, immunotherapy, and nanomedicine. However, the results are not fully satisfactory.

Dose-Dependent Prophylactic Efficacy of Filarial Antigens Glutathione-S-Transferase and Abundant Larval Transcript-2 against Challenge in .

Objective: To identify the most effective dose of filarial rALT-2 and rGST alone or in combination against infection and .

Methods: ( = 5-7/group) received intramuscular (i.m.

DNMT3A dysfunction promotes neuroinflammation and exacerbates acute ischemic stroke.

Somatic mutations related to clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) are risk factors for stroke. The impact of , the most mutated gene in CHIP, on clinical functional outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains unclear. In a well-characterized cohort of 8524 ischemic stroke patients, we demonstrated that -driven CHIP was significantly associated with neurological disability in these patients.

Postoperative mometasone irrigations improve quality of life in skull base tumor patients.

Objectives: The use of topical corticosteroids to manage postoperative sinonasal symptoms after endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) has not been well studied. We quantified long-term impact of postoperative steroid irrigations (SIs) on quality of life of patients after ESBS.

Methods: Retrospective review of patients at the University of Pennsylvania undergoing ESBS from 2010 to 2019.

Baseline ImPACT Composite Scores in Student-Athletes With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Background: Athletes who are diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk of concussion compared to other athletes. Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) is a widely used concussion tool, but it relies on pre-injury baseline testing that can be affected by psychiatric conditions. This research aims to determine if there are differences in pre-injury testing composite scores in student-athletes with ADHD compared to those without ADHD diagnosis.

Ceramide synthase 6 (CerS6) is upregulated in alcohol-associated liver disease and exhibits sex-based differences in the regulation of energy homeostasis and lipid droplet accumulation.

Objective: Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is the leading cause of liver-related mortality worldwide. Current strategies to manage ALD focus largely on advanced stage disease, however, metabolic changes such as glucose intolerance are apparent at the earliest stage of alcoholic steatosis and increase the risk of disease progression. Ceramides impair insulin signaling and accumulate in ALD, and metabolic pathways involving ceramide synthase 6 (CerS6) are perturbed in ALD during hepatic steatosis.

Blocking CCN2 Reduces Established Bone Loss Induced by Prolonged Intense Loading by Increasing Osteoblast Activity in Rats.

We have an operant model of reaching and grasping in which detrimental bone remodeling is observed rather than beneficial adaptation when rats perform a high-repetition, high-force (HRHF) task long term. Here, adult female Sprague-Dawley rats performed an intense HRHF task for 18 weeks, which we have shown induces radial trabecular bone osteopenia. One cohort was euthanized at this point (to assay the bone changes post task; HRHF-Untreated).

Quality Improvement Initiative to Increase Modality Education in a Nephrology Clinic During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Low attendance by patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD stage 4 and 5) to the kidney replacement therapy (KRT) education sessions was noted by our nurse practitioners at a safety net hospital. The main outcome measure was the weekly percentage of patients with advanced CKD seen by the nephrology division weekly that completed KRT education. Process measures were weekly KRT session attendance by scheduled patients and the weekly referral of patients to KRT education sessions.

Refined Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: Initial Results of U.S. Regional Program.

Objectives: We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of refined balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) in the treatment of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).

Background: BPA is rapidly evolving therapeutic option for patients with nonsurgical CTEPH. There are few US studies that have reported on the outcomes of this novel therapeutic option.

Bibliometric Analysis of International Medical Graduates and Professorship Promotion in Neurosurgery.

Background: International medical graduates (IMGs) comprise ∼25% of physicians in the United States. Differences in promotion rates from assistant to associate to full professorship based on medical school location have been understudied. We aim to stratify odds of professional advancement by 3 categories: IMG with U.

Transperitoneal Versus Retroperitoneal Robotic-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy in Patients with Obesity.

We aim to compare transperitoneal (TP) and retroperitoneal (RP) robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) in obese patients. Obesity and RP fat can complicate RPN, especially in the RP approach where working space is limited. Using a multi-institutional database, we analyzed 468 obese patients undergoing RPN for a renal mass (86 [18.

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for complex renal tumors: Analysis of a large multi-institutional database.

Introduction: Highly complex renal masses pose a challenge to urologic surgeons' ability to perform robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN). Given the increased utilization of the robotic approach for small renal masses, we sought to characterize the outcomes and determine the safety and feasibility of RPN for complex renal masses from our large multi-institutional cohort.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with R.

Systematic Review of Comparisons Between Plastic and Silicone Dilators: Revealing a Knowledge Gap.

Introduction: Vaginal stenosis is a distressing side effect of radiation therapy that can impair quality of life. Dilator therapy is an option for patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy to mitigate vaginal stenosis. Currently, the dilators given to patients by most hospitals are made of plastic, compared to silicone dilators which are available on the market for purchase.

Operative and oncological outcomes of salvage robotic radical and partial nephrectomy: a multicenter experience.

We aim to describe the perioperative and oncological outcomes for salvage robotic partial nephrectomy (sRPN) and salvage robotic radical nephrectomy (sRRN). Using a prospectively maintained multi-institutional database, we compared baseline clinical characteristics and perioperative and postoperative outcomes, including pathological stage, tumor histology, operative time, ischemia time, estimated blood loss (EBL), length of stay (LOS), postoperative complication rate, recurrence rate, and mortality. We identified a total of 58 patients who had undergone robotic salvage surgery for a recurrent renal mass, of which 22 (38%) had sRRN and 36 (62%) had sRPN.

Derivation and Validation of a Machine Learning Algorithm for Predicting Venous Thromboembolism in Injured Children.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) causes significant morbidity in pediatric trauma patients. We applied machine learning algorithms to the Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) database to develop and validate a risk prediction model for VTE in injured children.

Methods: Patients ≤18 years were identified from TQIP (2017-2019, n = 383,814).

HIV-1 gp120 protein promotes HAND through the calcineurin pathway activation.

For over two decades, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was able to help prolong the life expectancy of people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) and eliminate the virus to an undetectable level. However, an increased prevalence of HIV- associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) was observed. These symptoms range from neuronal dysfunction to cell death.

Selective IgG2-deficiency in yellow nail syndrome.

IgG2-deficiency increases susceptibility to recurrent pulmonary infections and the risk for bronchiectasis. Isolated IgG2-deficiency has not been previously described in Yellow Nail Syndrome (YNS).