A Hierarchical Metal-Organic Framework Intensifying ROS Catalytic Activity and Bacterial Entrapment for Engineering Self-Antimicrobial Mask.

Leveraging functional materials to develop advanced personal protective equipment is of significant importance for cutting off the propagation of infectious diseases, yet faces ongoing challenges owing to the unsatisfied antimicrobial efficiency. Herein a hierarchically porous cerium metal-organic framework (Ce-MOF) boosting the antimicrobial performance by intensifying catalytic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and bacterial entrapment simultaneously is reported. This Ce-MOF presents dendritic surface topography and hierarchical pore channels where the Lewis acid Ce sites are dispersedly anchored.

Glycosylation Pattern of Serum Clusterin in Psoriatic Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis-The Search for New Diagnostic Glycomarkers.

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are connective tissue autoimmune diseases. The present study aimed to check whether serum clusterin (CLU) concentration and its glycosylation pattern may be markers differentiating these diseases-blood sera of patients with PsA (n = 37), RA (n = 34), and healthy subjects (control, n = 21) were examined. CLU concentration was measured using the ELISA test.

Synthesis of Bis(isodecyl Terephthalate) from Waste Poly(ethylene Terephthalate) Catalyzed by Lewis Acid Catalysts.

Increasing plastic waste generation has become a pressing environmental problem. One of the most produced waste plastics originates from post-consumer packaging, of which PET constitutes a significant portion. Despite increasing recycling rates, its accumulation has created a need for the development of new recycling methods that can further expand the possibilities of recycling.

New Advances on the Dispersive and Polar Surface Properties of Poly(styrene-co-butadiene) Using Inverse Gas Chromatography.

Unlabelled: The dispersive and polar properties of materials, and especially of polymers and copolymers, play an important role in several engineering applications implying their surfaces and interfaces. The surface energetic properties of poly(styrene-co-butadiene) have never been studied. We proposed in this study an accurate determination of such properties by using inverse gas chromatography (IGC) at infinite dilution.

Doubly Metathetic NiCl-Catalyzed Coupling Between Bis(2-oxazolines) and Aldehydes: A Novel Access to Bis(ester-imine) Derivatives.

The coupling between bis(2-oxazolines) and two equivalents of aromatic aldehydes in the presence of catalytic amounts of NiCl affords an ester-imine product in synthetically useful yields. This virtually unknown, 100% atom-economic transformation involves the formal metathesis between the C=N double bond of the bis(2-oxazoline) moiety, which undergoes ring-opening, and the C=O double bond of the aldehyde. The scope of this transformation is studied, and a mechanism is proposed based on DFT calculations.

Synthesis and Characterisation of Phosphino-Aryloxide Rare Earth Complexes.

A series of homoleptic rare earth (RE) complexes bearing phosphino-aryloxide ligands (, ) has been prepared. The complexes have been characterised using multinuclear NMR and IR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and elemental analysis. Structural characterisation highlighted the different RE-P interactions as a result of differing Lewis acidity and ionic size across the series, hinting at the possibility of FLP-type activity.

Unraveling the Strength and Nature of Se∙∙∙O Chalcogen Bonds: A Comparative Study of SeF and SeF Interactions with Oxygen-Bearing Lewis Bases.

Chalcogen bonds (ChBs) involving selenium have attracted substantial scholarly interest in past years owing to their fundamental roles in various chemical and biological fields. However, the effect of the valency state of the electron-deficient selenium atom on the characteristics of such ChBs remains unexplored. Herein, we comparatively studied the σ-hole-type Se∙∙∙O ChBs between SeF/SeF and a series of oxygen-bearing Lewis bases, including water, methanol, dimethyl ether, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, and formic acid, using ab initio computations.

Catalytic Performance of Sn-β Zeolites with Different Si/Al Ratios in the Conversion of Glucose to Lactic Acid.

Lactic acid is an important platform feedstock for synthesizing various chemicals. Lactic acid is normally converted from any sugar such as glucose, and Sn-β zeolite is an effective catalyst. In this study, β zeolite with different Si/Al ratios was prepared and characterized.

Impact of Alkali Metals on CeO-WO/TiO Catalysts for NH-Selective Catalytic Reduction and Lifetime Prediction of Catalysts.

Ce-based catalysts have been widely used in the removal of nitrogen oxides from industrial flue gas because of their good catalytic performance and environmental friendliness. However, the mechanism of alkali metal poisoning in Ce-based catalysts remains to be further studied. This work involves the preparation of the K/Na-poisoned CeWTi catalyst via the impregnation method for assessing its performance in NO removal.

Recent Catalytic Applications of Ferrocene and Ferrocenium Cations in the Syntheses of Organic Compounds.

Ferrocene and its oxidized counterpart, the ferrocenium cation, represent a fascinating class of organometallic compounds with broad utility across various fields, including organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, and materials science. Over the years, ferrocene, ferrocenium cations, and their derivatives have also gained prominence for their versatility in catalytic processes. This review article offers an overview of the research of the last decade into ferrocene- and ferrocenium-based catalysis.

Environmental Enrichment Attenuates Repetitive Behavior and Alters the Functional Connectivity of Pain and Sensory Pathways in C58 Mice.

Restricted repetitive behaviors (RRB) encompass a variety of inflexible behaviors, which are diagnostic for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite being requisite diagnostic criteria, the neurocircuitry of these behaviors remains poorly understood, limiting treatment development. Studies in translational animal models show environmental enrichment (EE) reduces the expression of RRB, although the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown.

Assessment of Piperacillin-Tazobactam Population Pharmacokinetic Models in Neonates: An External Validation.

Background And Objective: Neonatal pharmacotherapy has gained attention from clinicians and regulatory agencies for optimizing the dosage of the drug which improves therapeutic outcomes in this special population. Piperacillin-tazobactam antibiotic is commonly used as a therapeutic option for treatment of severe infection in neonatal intensive care units. There are few population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) studies of piperacillin and tazobactam published for this specific population and which were not validated in other study settings.

Remote organ cancer induces kidney injury, inflammation, and fibrosis and adversely alters renal function.

Approximately 30% of cancer patients experience kidney complications, which hinder optimal cancer management, imposing a burden on patients' quality of life and the healthcare system. The etiology of kidney complications in cancer patients is often attributed to oncological therapies. However, the direct impact of cancer on kidney health is underestimated.

Caregiver Experiences with Prescribed Antibiotic Access After a Pediatric Emergency Department Visit: A Qualitative Study.

Objective: Approximately one third of caregivers do not obtain a prescribed medication after their child's pediatric emergency department visit. We sought to explore the facilitators and barriers that caregivers experience in accessing prescribed antibiotics after their child's pediatric emergency department visit.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with caregivers of children who presented to a quaternary academic pediatric emergency department and were discharged with prescribed antibiotics.

Electrogenerated Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Claisen Rearrangement of Allyl Aryl Ethers.

Catalysts for Claisen rearrangement have been intensively studied to overcome the need for high temperature. However, previous studies have encountered challenges, such as the need for heating, a long reaction time, and/or the need for equivalent amounts of catalyst. In this study, we introduce an effective electrogenerated boron-based Lewis acid catalyst for the aromatic Claisen rearrangement, which proceeds in a few minutes at ambient temperature.

Ring Opening of Diketene in Superacidic Media.

The reactions of diketene were investigated in the HF/MF and DF/MF (M = As or Sb) binary superacidic systems. Depending on the stoichiometric ratio of the Lewis acids and diketene, monoprotonated acetoacetyl fluoride and diprotonated acetoacetyl fluoride were obtained. The salts were characterized by low-temperature vibrational spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Pathobiont-driven antibody sialylation through IL-10 undermines vaccination.

The pathobiont Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) induces nonprotective antibody imprints that underlie ineffective staphylococcal vaccination. However, the mechanism by which Sa modifies antibody activity is not clear. Herein, we demonstrate that IL-10 is the decisive factor that abrogates antibody protection in mice.

Measuring and quantifying the effects of pyloric dilatation in patients with delayed emptying of the gastric conduit after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy using EndoFlip™.

The most common functional challenge after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy is delayed emptying of the gastric conduit. One of the primary endoscopic treatment strategies is performing a pyloric dilatation. However, the effects of dilation have never been scientifically proven.

A Trithia-Bridged N-Heterotriangulene: The Hitherto Missing Electron Donor.

The very first representative of trithia-bridged N-heterotriangulene, a triphenylamine with sulfur atoms bridging the ortho-positions, was synthesized by a sequence of regioselective sulfenylation with phthalimidesulfenyl chloride followed by Lewis acid-catalyzed electrophilic cyclization. X-ray crystallography revealed a saddle-shaped geometry of the polycyclic scaffold. UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry were used to characterize the optoelectronic properties.

Mild-Temperature Catalyzed Hydrosilylation for Simplified Carbohydrate Functionalization of Porous Silicon Nanoparticles.

Porous silicon is one of the most explored nanostructured materials in various biomedical applications owing to its remarkable properties. However, its inherent chemical instability mandates a robust surface modification procedure, and proper surface bioengineering is essential to ensure its effectiveness in the biomedical field. In this study, we introduce a one-pot functionalization strategy that simultaneously stabilizes porous silicon nanoparticles and decorates their surface with carbohydrates through hydrosilylation chemistry, combining mild temperatures and a Lewis acid catalyst.

OpenFlume: An accessible and reproducible benchtop flume for research and education.

Open-channel flumes are an important tool in fluid mechanics research and education. However, the few commercially available small-scale flumes are generally expensive and lack complete characterization. In this work, we present an open-source, low-cost, modular benchtop laboratory flume that is designed to be accessible and reproducible.

A Longitudinal Pediatric Residency Climate Justice Curriculum.

Graduate medical education programs must prepare physicians to adapt their care for patients whose health equity and outcomes are being threatened by climate change. This article presents the implementation of a longitudinal climate justice curriculum within a pediatrics residency program. To measure the self-reported changes in attitudes and intentions for change in behavior after implementation of a climate justice curriculum.

Membrane wetting by biomolecular condensates is facilitated by mobile tethers.

Biomolecular condensates frequently rely on membrane interactions for localization, recruitment, and chemical substrates. These interactions are often mediated by membrane-anchored tethers, a feature overlooked by traditional wetting models. Using a surface free-energy framework that couples surface tension with tether density, we solve for the contact angle and tether density in a spherical cap geometry, generalizing the Young-Dupré equation.