Impact of Timing of Tocilizumab Use in Hospitalized Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) continues to be a global challenge due to the lack of definitive treatment strategies. We sought to determine the efficacy of early administration of anti-interleukin 6 therapy in reducing hospital mortality and progression to mechanical ventilation.

Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of 11,512 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 who were admitted to a New York health system from March to May 2020.

Steroids: A Wake-Up Call in TBI Induced Hypersomnolence.

Hypersomnolence is one of the more common symptoms reported after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and often one of the most difficult to treat. This case series presents a cohort of patients with TBI related hypersomnolence associated with a de novo autoimmune process that successfully resolved with pulse dose corticosteroid treatment. When associated with an autoimmune inflammatory process, corticosteroids may serve to stabilize the blood brain barrier leading to the successful and sustained resolution of TBI induced sleepiness.

The Use of Antiseptic Solutions in the Prevention and Management of Penile Prosthesis Infections: A Review of the Cytotoxic and Microbiological Effects of Common Irrigation Solutions.

Introduction: The Mulcahy salvage fundamentally altered the management of penile prosthesis infections (PPI). Central to this procedure is a sequence of antiseptic irrigations that aims to remove and eradicate pathogenic microflora from the infected field, thus preparing for immediate reimplantation. The antiseptic solutions and their respective concentrations, however, have never been evaluated for efficacy.

Clinicopathologic and Immunohistochemical Study of Combined Small Cell Carcinoma and Urothelial Carcinoma Molecular Subtype.

Muscle invasive bladder cancer, an aggressive disease with heterogeneous molecular profiles, has recently been subclassified into three major molecular subtypes -basal, luminal and "p53-like" urothelial carcinomas (UCas), which bear prognostic and therapeutic implication. Similar to breast cancer, basal and luminal subtype UCas are designated by basal (CK5/14) and luminal (CK20) markers. The "p53-like" subtype presents with wild-type p53 gene with upregulated p53 pathways and is implicated in chemoresistance.