Parent-child interaction frequency: associations with age, sibling presence, and child health.

Objectives: Parent-child interaction plays a crucial role in child development. This study investigated associations between the frequency of parent-child-interactions and sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, socio-economic status, family structure, number and age of siblings), physical and psychological symptoms in children, and mental health of parents.

Methods: The frequencies of 11 different parent-child interactions (shared reading, singing, moving, painting, building, puzzle, playing ball, role games, language games, number games and talking about problems) were assessed in 739 children aged 2-6.

Pediatric Syncope: Is the Diagnostic Guideline Implemented and Adhered to?

Background: We sought to investigate adherence to the current pediatric syncope guideline in the emergency department and its impact on the frequency of missed or unnecessary diagnostic measures. For the first time, in 2014 updated guideline defines indispensable basic diagnostic measures and a consecutive algorithm for safe clinical decision making.

Patients And Method: We analyzed retrospectively 314 pediatric patients, 166 were presented before and 148 after publication of this guideline update.

High but decreasing prevalence of overweight in preschool children: encouragement for further action.

argue that identifying successful policies and practices in countries with falls in early childhood overweight can help enhance efforts and reduce within country inequities

Preclinical Cartilage Changes of the Knee Joint in Adolescent Competitive Volleyball Players: A Prospective T2 Mapping Study.

Purpose: To investigate the potential effects of volleyball as a competitive sport in adolescence on the cartilage of knee joints using T2 mapping in MRI and identification of preclinical cartilage changes. Volleyball as an impact sport often leads to damage of the knee joint cartilage in adulthood. As T2 mapping is widely available and highly capable of detecting cartilage changes prior to conventional MRI sequences, such a detection may allow adolescent volleyball players to change their training regime before structural damage can occur to the cartilage and pose the risk of osteoarthritis.

Normative data for macular and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in healthy German children and adolescents using optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To establish normative data for macular thickness, macular volume and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness using Spectralis® spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in healthy German children and adolescents and investigate influencing factors.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included the right eye of 695 children with at least one complete retinal OCT scan. As part of the LIFE Child study, the children underwent an ophthalmological examination including axial length (AL), spherical equivalent (SE) and OCT measurements.

The relationship between myopia and near work, time outdoors and socioeconomic status in children and adolescents.

Background: To investigate environmental and social risk factors for myopia in children and adolescents in Germany.

Methods: 1437 children aged between 3 and 18 inclusive were examined as part of the LIFE Child study based in Leipzig, Germany. Information about leisure time activities and social status was ascertained by parents and children in a questionnaire.

CD248 induces a maladaptive unfolded protein response in diabetic kidney disease.

Dysfunction of mesangial cells plays a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the leading cause of kidney failure. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. By unbiased gene expression analysis of glucose-exposed mesangial cells, we identified the transmembrane receptor CD248 as the most upregulated gene, and the maladaptive unfolded protein response (UPR) as one of the most stimulated pathways.

Concentrations of oligosaccharides in human milk and child growth.

Background: The relationship between human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and child growth has been investigated only insufficiently with ambiguous results. Therefore, this study examines potential influencing factors of HMO concentrations and how HMO are associated with child growth parameters.

Methods: Milk samples from the German LIFE Child cohort of healthy children were analyzed for 9 HMO.

Health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with tuberous sclerosis complex and their caregivers: A multicentre cohort study from Germany.

Objective: This study aimed to measure health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children and adolescents with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and quality of life (QOL) and depressive symptoms among caregivers.

Methods: Adequate metrics were used to assess HRQOL in children and adolescents with TSC (4-18 years, KINDL) as well as QOL (EQ-5D) and symptoms of depression (BDI-II) among caregivers. Predictors for reduced HRQOL and depressive symptoms were identified by variance analysis, ordinal regression, and bivariate correlation.

Age- and weight group-specific weight gain patterns in children and adolescents during the 15 years before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background/objectives: There is a concern that measures aiming to limit a further spread of COVID-19, e.g., school closures and social distancing, cause an aggravation of the childhood obesity epidemic.

Well-being and COVID-19-related worries of German children and adolescents: A longitudinal study from pre-COVID to the end of lockdown in Spring 2020.

Background: There is concern that pandemic measures put a strain on the health and well-being of children. We investigated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the lockdown, and social distancing on the well-being, media use, and emotions of children and adolescents between 9 and 18 years.

Methods: We used linear and proportional odds logistic regression correcting for age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES) and to compare media use, peers/social support, physical, and psychological well-being between 2019 (pre-COVID baseline) and two time points shortly after the start of the lockdown (last week of March and April 2020, respectively) in 391 9-19-year-old healthy children and adolescents of the LIFE Child cohort.

Efficacy, Retention and Tolerability of Everolimus in Patients with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: A Survey-Based Study on Patients' Perspectives.

Background: The approval of everolimus (EVE) for the treatment of angiomyolipoma (2013), subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (2013) and drug-refractory epilepsy (2017) in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) represents the first disease-modifying treatment option available for this rare and complex genetic disorder.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse the use, efficacy, tolerability and treatment retention of EVE in patients with TSC in Germany from the patient's perspective.

Methods: A structured cross-age survey was conducted at 26 specialised TSC centres in Germany and by the German TSC patient advocacy group between February and July 2019, enrolling children, adolescents and adult patients with TSC.

Direct and indirect costs and cost-driving factors of Tuberous sclerosis complex in children, adolescents, and caregivers: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a multisystem genetic disorder, affects many organs and systems, characterized by benign growths. This German multicenter study estimated the disease-specific costs and cost-driving factors associated with various organ manifestations in TSC patients.

Methods: A validated, three-month, retrospective questionnaire was administered to assess the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, organ manifestations, direct, indirect, out-of-pocket, and nursing care-level costs, completed by caregivers of patients with TSC throughout Germany.

COVID-19 pandemic and families' utilization of well-child clinics and pediatric practices attendance in Germany.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures implemented to stop the pandemic had a broad impact on our daily lives. Besides work and social life, health care is affected on many levels. In particular, there is concern that attendance in health care programs will drop or hospital admissions will be delayed due to COVID-19-related anxieties, especially in children.

Prescription patterns of antiseizure drugs in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-associated epilepsy: a multicenter cohort study from Germany and review of the literature.

Objective: Seizures are a primary and early disease manifestation of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC). We aimed to describe the age-stratified patterns of antiseizure drug (ASD) treatments among children, adolescents, and adults with TSC in Germany. Additionally, we reviewed real-world and clinical study evidence regarding ASD utilization in patients with TSC.

Treatment of Ruptured Giant Omphalocele and Gastroschisis with Liver Herniation using a Wound Retractor as a Novel Approach.

Ruptured giant omphaloceles (GO) and gastroschisis with total liver herniation are rare cases of exceptionally large abdominal wall defects. Many of these children have lethal outcome. The surgical and postsurgical management are complex.

Childhood Dystonia-Parkinsonism Following Infantile Spasms-Clinical Clue to Diagnosis in Early Beta-Propeller Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration.

Introduction: Beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN) is a very rare, X-linked dominant (XLD) inherited member of the neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) disease family.

Case Report: We present a female case of BPAN with infantile spasms in the first year, Rett-like symptomatology, focal epilepsy, and loss of motor skills in childhood. Menarche occurred at the age of 9, after precocious pubarche and puberty.