Cationic pH-sensitive liposome-based subunit tuberculosis vaccine induces protection in mice challenged with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) has been and still is a global emergency for centuries. Prevention of disease through vaccination would have a major impact on disease prevalence, but the only available current vaccine, BCG, has insufficient impact. In this article, a novel subunit vaccine against TB was developed, using the Ag85B-ESAT6-Rv2034 fusion antigen, two adjuvants - CpG and MPLA, and a cationic pH-sensitive liposome as a delivery system, representing a new TB vaccine delivery strategy not previously reported for TB.

The Role of Preoperative Abdominal Ultrasound in the Preparation of Patients Undergoing Primary Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: A Machine Learning Algorithm on 4418 Patients' Records.

Background: The utility of preoperative abdominal ultrasonography (US) in evaluating patients with obesity before metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) remains ambiguously defined.

Method: Retrospective analysis whereby patients were classified into four groups based on ultrasound results. Group 1 had normal findings.

"Psychiatric emergency consultations of minors: a qualitative study of professionals' experiences".

Background: Psychiatric emergency assessment of minors can be a complex process, especially for professional staff who are not specifically trained in handling child and adolescent emergency patients. As minors cannot usually express their feelings and experiences as well as adults, it is difficult to form an accurate picture of their condition and to determine what kind of emergency care is needed, for instance whether or not a psychiatric emergency admission is necessary. We lack insight in what professionals at emergency departments need to adequately assess these minors and their families.

Antiseizure Medications and Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy: An Updated Review.

Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is responsible for most epilepsy-related deaths. It is mainly related to unwitnessed nocturnal convulsions, either focal to bilateral or generalised tonic-clonic seizures (TCS). Targeted preventive strategies are currently lacking as underlying mechanisms are largely unknown.

Exploring bone density analysis on routine CT scans as a tool for opportunistic osteoporosis screening.

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate computed tomography (CT)-based bone density analysis at the level of thoracic vertebra 12 (Th12) as a screening method for decreased bone density in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Interobserver variability was analyzed. Secondary aims were to assess the prevalence of CT-based low bone density upon ICU admission in a cohort of COVID-19 patients and to assess the potential effect of long-term ICU stay on bone density in these patients.

The efficacy and safety of eculizumab in patients and the role of C5 polymorphisms.

Eculizumab is an orphan drug with indications for extremely rare autoimmune disorders. It is primarily prescribed for use in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome; but is also highly effective in the treatment of myasthenia gravis, among others. By binding to the C5 protein in the complement system, eculizumab effectively inhibits cellular hemolysis and autoimmune reactions.

Exploring the contribution of genetic variants to high sunitinib exposure in patients with cancer.

Aims: Sunitinib exhibits considerable interindividual variability in exposure. While the target total plasma concentration of sunitinib and its active metabolite is 50-87.5 ng/mL for the intermittent dosing schedule, ~10-21% of patients experience higher exposures (>87.

Older adults exercising ON TIME: protocol for a randomized controlled cross-over study to assess the effect of physical activity timing on insomnia severity.

Background: There are increased indications that physical activity timing, irrespective of intensity, impacts insomnia and circadian clock function. Here, we describe the rationale and design of a randomized cross-over study, called ON TIME, to examine the effects of (changing) physical activity timing on insomnia severity and on multiple exploratory outcomes that are linked to circadian clock function.

Methods: We will conduct a randomized cross-over trial in 40 healthy older adults (aged 65 to 75 years) with subclinical or clinical insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores of ≥ 10) from the Dutch municipality of Leiden and surroundings.

Total plasma -glycomic signature of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Total plasma protein -glycosylation (TPNG) changes are a hallmark of many diseases. Here, we analyzed the TPNG of 169 COVID-19 patients and 12 healthy controls, using mass spectrometry, resulting in the relative quantification of 85 -glycans. We found a COVID-19 -glycomic signature, with 59 glycans differing between patients and controls, many of them additionally differentiating between severe and mild COVID-19.

Minor histocompatibility antigens to predict, monitor or manipulate GvL and GvHD after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) provides a potential curative treatment for haematological malignancies. The therapeutic Graft-versus-Leukaemia (GvL) effect is induced by donor T cells attacking patient hematopoietic (malignant) cells. However, if healthy non-hematopoietic tissues are targeted, Graft-versus-Disease (GvHD) may develop.

The prognostic value of changes in pulmonary vein flow patterns after surgical repair for primary mitral regurgitation.

Background: The pulmonary vein (PV) flow pattern is influenced by the presence of mitral regurgitation (MR). After a successful reduction in MR severity, the pattern is expected to be changed. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of a change in the PV flow pattern in patients with primary MR undergoing mitral valve repair (MVR).

Developing reporting checklist items from systematic review findings: a roadmap and lessons to be learned from ACCORD.

Objectives: To demonstrate how researchers can identify and translate reporting gaps from a systematic review into checklist items for reporting guidelines.

Study Design And Setting: Good quality research reporting ensures transparency, reproducibility, and utility, facilitated by reporting guidelines. Conducting a systematic review is an essential step in the development of these guidelines.

The association of inflammatory markers with frailty and in-hospital mortality in older COVID-19 patients.

Introduction: During the COVID19 pandemic, older patients hospitalized for COVID-19 exhibited an increased mortality risk compared to younger patients. While ageing is associated with compromised immune responses and frailty, their contributions and interplay remain understudied. This study investigated the association between inflammatory markers and mortality and potential modification by frailty among older patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

Learning community participation: A valuable opportunity for transferring actions and behaviors within the nursing learning and working context?

Aim/objective: Indicating how community participation transfers to application within the nursing learning and working context.

Background: Preparing nurses to drive advances in health care requires the integration of working and learning. Learning communities are therefore recommended to connect students, educational programs and health care organizations.

Does Catch-Up Growth Come with a Cognitive Cost? Cognitive Outcome and Growth Patterns in Growth Discordant Identical Twins.

Objective: To determine whether it is the magnitude of early postnatal catch-up growth (CUG) in response to fetal growth restriction (FGR) or the FGR itself that negatively impacts cognitive outcome in a model of monochorionic twins discordant for fetal growth.

Study Design: This analysis is part of the LEMON study, a cohort study including all monochorionic twins with selective FGR aged 3 through 17 years. Growth measurements as documented by our primary care system were collected retrospectively.

Expert consensus on multilevel implementation hypotheses to promote the uptake of youth care guidelines: a Delphi study.

Background: The implementation of youth care guidelines remains a complex process. Several evidence-based frameworks aid the identification and specification of implementation determinants and strategies. However, the influence of specific strategies on certain determinants remains unclear.

Do help-seeking adolescents report more psychotic-like experiences than young adults on the 16-item version of the prodromal questionnaire (PQ-16)?

Aim: To compare psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in adolescents and young adults referred to the Mental Health Services (MHSs).

Methods: Participants scored the 16-item Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16) as part of the intake procedure. Data on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) classification and demographic data were collected.

ECTOPIC trial: The efficacy of flEcainide Compared To metOprolol in reducing Premature ventrIcular Contractions: A randomized open-label crossover study in pediatric patients.

Background: Frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) in children are usually considered benign. Symptoms and left ventricular dysfunction are indications for treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of flecainide vs metoprolol in reducing PVCs in children.

Long-Term Cost-Effectiveness of Case Finding and Mass Screening for Celiac Disease in Children.

Background & Aims: Celiac disease (CD) is a common yet underdiagnosed autoimmune disease with substantial long-term consequences. High-accuracy point-of-care tests for CD antibodies conducted at youth primary health care centers may enable earlier identification of CD, but evidence about the cost-effectiveness of such strategies is lacking. We estimated the long-term cost-effectiveness of active case finding and mass screening compared with clinical detection in the Netherlands.

Nintedanib for the treatment of symptomatic radiation pneumonitis. A Case Report.

Radiation induced pneumonitis is a common side effect of thoracic radiotherapy. We report a case of a patient diagnosed with symptomatic radiation pneumonitis and a serious contra-indication for corticosteroids. For that reason, the patient was treated with nintedanib instead.

Adults prenatally exposed to the Dutch Famine exhibit a metabolic signature associated with a broad spectrum of common diseases.

Background: Exposure to famine in the prenatal period is associated with an increased risk of metabolic disease, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. We employed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomic profiling to identify the metabolic changes that are associated with survival of prenatal famine exposure during the Dutch Famine at the end of World War II and subsequently assess their link to disease.

Methods: NMR metabolomics data were generated from serum in 480 individuals prenatally exposed to famine (mean 58.