The role of molecular biomarkers in recurrent glioblastoma trials: an assessment of the current trial landscape of genome-driven oncology.

For glioblastoma patients, the efficacy-targeted therapy is limited to date. Most of the molecular therapies previously studied are lacking efficacy in this population. More trials are needed to study the actual actionability of biomarkers in (recurrent) glioblastoma.

Chest Pain in Primary Care: A Systematic Review of Risk Stratification Tools to Rule Out Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Purpose: Chest pain frequently poses a diagnostic challenge for general practitioners (GPs). Utilizing risk stratification tools might help GPs to rule out acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and make appropriate referral decisions. We conducted a systematic review of studies evaluating risk stratification tools for chest pain in primary care settings, both with and without troponin assays.

Brain glycogen build-up measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in classic infantile Pompe disease.

Classic infantile Pompe disease is caused by abnormal lysosomal glycogen accumulation in multiple tissues, including the brain due to a deficit in acid α-glucosidase. Although treatment with recombinant human acid α-glucosidase has dramatically improved survival, recombinant human acid α-glucosidase does not reach the brain, and surviving classic infantile Pompe patients develop progressive cognitive deficits and white matter lesions. We investigated the feasibility of measuring non-invasively glycogen build-up and other metabolic alterations in the brain of classic infantile Pompe patients.

Quality of life, depression and anxiety in cerebral amyloid angiopathy: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Purpose: Data on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and mood in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), a disease characterized by stroke and cognitive decline, are limited. We aimed to investigate the impacted domains of life, value-based HRQoL and the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with CAA.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with sporadic (s)CAA, lobar dominant mixed CAA and hypertensive arteriopathy (mixed CAA-HTA), or Dutch-type hereditary (D-)CAA, from prospective outpatient clinic cohorts.

Arterial inflammation on [F]FDG PET/CT in melanoma patients treated with and without immune checkpoint inhibitors: CHECK-FLAME I.

Background And Aims: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) revolutionized cancer treatment. However, ICIs may increase the immune response to non-tumor cells, possibly resulting in increased arterial inflammation, raising the risk of atherosclerotic events. Nevertheless, malignancies may induce a pro-inflammatory state and the association between ICIs and arterial inflammation remains to be clarified.

Incidence and clinical course of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension with or without a history of venous thromboembolism in Denmark.

Background: A considerable number of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) lack a history of venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Objectives: We aimed to examine the annual incidence and prevalence of CTEPH in Denmark and to compare the rates of VTE, bleeding, and mortality between CTEPH patients with and without a history of VTE.

Methods: The Danish National Patient Registry covering all Danish hospitals was used to identify all CTEPH cases between 2009 and 2018, based on combinations of discharge diagnoses using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes for CTEPH and relevant diagnostic and/or therapeutic interventions.

TldR: TnpB's evolutionary shift from transposon nucleases to RNA-guided transcriptional regulators.

TnpB proteins are transposon-encoded nucleases involved in transposon DNA propagation. Wiegand et al. identified a new class of TnpB-derived proteins, called TnpB-like nuclease-dead repressors (TldRs), which function as RNA-guided transcriptional regulators targeting conserved promoter regions.

Gene therapy strategies for RAG1 deficiency: Challenges and breakthroughs.

Mutations in the recombination activating genes (RAG) cause various forms of immune deficiency. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only cure for patients with severe manifestations of RAG deficiency; however, outcomes are suboptimal with mismatched donors. Gene therapy aims to correct autologous hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) and is emerging as an alternative to allogeneic HSCT.

Development of rheumatoid arthritis after methotrexate in anticitrullinated protein antibody-negative people with clinically suspect arthralgia at risk of rheumatoid arthritis: 4-year data from the TREAT EARLIER trial.

Background: Prevention of rheumatoid arthritis has become a definitive target. However, whether prevention of anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-negative rheumatoid arthritis is possible is still unknown. We aimed to assess the efficacy of a 1-year course of methotrexate on the development of rheumatoid arthritis in ACPA-negative people with clinically suspect arthralgia and predicted increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis.

Incidence, Causes and Outcomes of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Eastern Ethiopia: A Multicenter Surveillance Study.

Objectives: Maternal mortality remains an unfinished global agenda and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains one of the leading causes. The aims of this study were to describe the incidence, underlying causes, and case fatality rate of PPH in public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia.

Methods: This study was part of a larger Ethiopian Obstetric Surveillance System (EthOSS) project - a multicenter surveillance of women admitted to 13 public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia due to any of the five major obstetric conditions: obstetric hemorrhage, eclampsia, uterine rupture, sepsis, and severe anemia - conducted from April 1, 2021 to March 31, 2022.

XCMS-METLIN: data-driven metabolite, lipid, and chemical analysis.

In this Correspondence, G. Siuzdak and colleagues present XCMS-METLIN, an extensive resource for metabolomics, lipidomics, and chemical analysis. [Image: see text]

The impact of statin use on sepsis mortality.

Background: Statins exert pleiotropic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in addition to their cholesterol-lowering properties. This study aimed to investigate whether statin use is associated with improved outcomes of sepsis.

Methods: Data from sepsis patients were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database.

Is a 1-year course of methotrexate in patients with arthralgia at-risk for rheumatoid arthritis cost-effective? A cost-effectiveness analysis of the randomised, placebo-controlled TREAT EARLIER trial.

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a considerable disease burden with life-long physical limitations, reduced work productivity and high societal costs. Trials on arthralgia at-risk for RA are therefore conducted, aiming to intercept evolving RA and reduce the disease burden. A 1-year course of methotrexate in patients with clinically suspect arthralgia (CSA) caused sustained improvements in subclinical joint inflammation and physical impairments.

The Ithildin library for efficient numerical solution of anisotropic reaction-diffusion problems in excitable media.

Ithildin is an open-source library and framework for efficient parallelized simulations of excitable media, written in the C++ programming language. It uses parallelization on multiple CPU processors via the message passing interface (MPI). We demonstrate the library's versatility through a series of simulations in the context of the monodomain description of cardiac electrophysiology, including the S1S2 protocol, spiral break-up, and spiral waves in ventricular geometry.

Systems mapping of bidirectional endosomal transport through the crowded cell.

Kinesin and dynein-dynactin motors move endosomes and other vesicles bidirectionally along microtubules, a process mainly studied under in vitro conditions. Here, we provide a physiological bidirectional transport model following color-coded, endogenously tagged transport-related proteins as they move through a crowded cellular environment. Late endosomes (LEs) surf bidirectionally on Protrudin-enriched endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane contact sites, while hopping and gliding along microtubules and bypassing cellular obstacles, such as mitochondria.

Probing the glioma micro-environment: Analysis using biopsy in combination with ultra-fast cyclic immunolabeling.

The interaction between gliomas and the immune system is poorly understood and thus hindering development of effective immunotherapies for glioma patients. The immune response is highly variable during tumor development, and affected by therapies such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Currently, analysis of these local changes is difficult due to poor accessibility of the tumor and high-morbidity of sampling.

Baseline gut microbiota diversity and composition and albendazole efficacy in hookworm-infected individuals.

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections account for a significant global health burden, necessitating mass drug administration with benzimidazole-class anthelmintics, such as albendazole (ALB), for morbidity control. However, ALB efficacy shows substantial variability, presenting challenges for achieving consistent treatment outcomes. We have explored the potential impact of the baseline gut microbiota on ALB efficacy in hookworm-infected individuals through microbiota profiling and machine learning (ML) techniques.