River co-learning arenas: principles and practices for transdisciplinary knowledge co-creation and multi-scalar (inter)action.

This paper develops the methodological concept of river co-learning arenas (RCAs) and explores their potential to strengthen innovative grassroots river initiatives, enliven river commons, regenerate river ecologies, and foster greater socio-ecological justice. The integrity of river systems has been threatened in profound ways over the last century. Pollution, damming, canalisation, and water grabbing are some examples of pressures threatening the entwined lifeworlds of human and non-human communities that depend on riverine systems.

Coronary Artery Calcium Scores After Prophylactic Premenopausal Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy.

Background: Premenopausal risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) in women at high familial risk of ovarian cancer leads to immediate menopause. Although early natural menopause is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk, evidence on long-term cardiovascular disease risk after early surgical menopause is scarce.

Objectives: We sought to determine the long-term influence of the timing of RRSO on the development of coronary artery calcium (CAC), an established marker for cardiovascular disease risk.

Conquering Overtreatment of DCIS: Lessons from PRECISION.

As we cannot reliably distinguish indolent, low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) from potentially progressive, high-risk DCIS, all women with DCIS diagnosis undergo intensive treatment without any benefit. The PREvent ductal Carcinoma In Situ Invasive Overtreatment Now team was established to unravel DCIS biology and develop new multidisciplinary approaches for accurate risk stratification to tackle the global problem of DCIS overdiagnosis and overtreatment. See related article by Bressan et al.

Cancer vaccines compensate for the insufficient induction of protective tumor-specific immunity of CD3 bispecific antibody therapy.

Background: CD3 bispecific antibody (CD3 bsAb) therapy has become an established treatment modality for some cancer types and exploits endogenous T cells irrespective of their specificity. However, durable clinical responses are hampered by immune escape through loss of tumor target antigen expression. Induction of long-lasting tumor-specific immunity might therefore improve therapeutic efficacy, but has not been studied in detail yet for CD3 bsAbs.

Multi-Gene Panel for Thrombophilia Testing in Venous Thromboembolism.

Background: Conventional tests for inherited thrombophilia focus on the five most-established inherited thrombophilias; i.e. deficiencies in antithrombin, protein C, and protein S, and the factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A variants.

Acute pulmonary embolism with and without hemodynamic instability (2003-2022): A Swiss nationwide epidemiological study.

Background: Data on the epidemiological burden of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in Switzerland is unavailable. Knowledge gaps remain on trends in PE-related comorbidities, PE severity, and length of in-hospital stay (LOS) at a nationwide level.

Methods: We used nationwide, patient-level data including all patients aged 15 years or older hospitalized for PE in Switzerland from 2003 to 2022, amounting to N=180,600.

A distinct immunophenotype in children carrying the Blautia enterotype: The Generation R study.

Objective: Studies in mouse models and human adults have shown that the intestinal microbiota composition can affect peripheral immune cells. We here examined whether the gut microbiota compositions affect B and T-cell subsets in children.

Methods: The intestinal microbiota was characterized from stool samples of 344 10-year-old children from the Generation R Study by performing 16S rRNA sequencing.

Histopathologic Marks of Tongue in a Mouse Model of Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy Suggest Biomechanical Defects.

The tongue facilitates vital activities such as swallowing. Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) is common in the elderly population and in patients with adult-onset neuromuscular disease. In oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD), dysphagia is often the first symptom.

How many people in the Netherlands live with a hip, knee, or shoulder replacement?

Aims: We estimated the prevalence of people living with at least one hip, knee, or shoulder arthroplasty in the Netherlands.

Methods: We included the first hip (n = 416,333), knee (n = 314,569), or shoulder (n = 23,751) arthroplasty of each patient aged ≥ 40 years between 2007 and 2022 (hip/knee) or 2014 and 2022 (shoulder) from the Dutch Arthroplasty Register (LROI). Data on the size of the Dutch population were obtained from Statistics Netherlands.

Evaluation of an interprofessional education program involving medical and pharmacy students: a mixed-method study.

Background: Effective pharmacotherapy requires strong collaboration between physicians and pharmacists, highlighting the need for interprofessional education (IPE) in university curricula. This study evaluated the impact of an IPE program on medical and pharmacy students, focusing on their perceived development of interprofessional collaborative competencies, perceived learning outcomes, and clinical collaboration perceptions.

Methods: A mixed-method approach was employed to evaluate an IPE program that consisted of three mandatory activities with increased complexity and autonomy, that were integrated into the medical and pharmacy students' curricula.

Axial spondyloarthritis.

Axial spondyloarthritis manifests as a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the sacroiliac joints and spine. Although chronic back pain and spinal stiffness are typical initial symptoms, peripheral (ie, enthesitis, arthritis, and dactylitis) and extra-musculoskeletal (ie, uveitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis) manifestations are also common. Timely and accurate diagnosis is challenging and relies on identifying a clinical pattern with a combination of clinical, laboratory (HLA-B27 positivity), and imaging findings (eg, structural damage on pelvic radiographs and bone marrow oedema on MRI of the sacroiliac joints).

Students' perspective on the Dutch National Pharmacotherapy Assessment, a national survey study among final-year medical students.

Introduction: The Dutch National Pharmacotherapy Assessment (DNPA) was introduced in 2013 to improve clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (CPT) education. This study investigated final-year medical students' perceived motivation and level of preparation for the DNPA in different scenarios: mandatory vs. non-mandatory, and traditional high-stakes assessment programme vs.

The impact of summative, formative or programmatic assessment on the Dutch National Pharmacotherapy assessment: A retrospective multicentre study.

Background: The Dutch National Pharmacotherapy Assessment (DNPA), which focuses on assessing medication safety and essential drug knowledge, was introduced to improve clinical pharmacology and therapeutics education in the Netherlands. This study investigated how the performance of final-year medical students on the DPNA was affected by the assessment programme (traditional with summative or formative assessment, and programmatic assessment).

Methods: This multicentre retrospective longitudinal observation study (2019-2023) involved final-year medical students from four medical schools in the Netherlands.

Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Bimekizumab in Axial Spondyloarthritis: 2-Year Results from Two Phase 3 Studies.

Objectives: Bimekizumab, a monoclonal IgG1 antibody that selectively inhibits interleukin (IL)‑17F in addition to IL-17A, previously demonstrated efficacy and was well tolerated to 1 year in patients with non-radiographic (nr-) and radiographic (r-) axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Here, we report bimekizumab safety and efficacy to 2 years.

Methods: Patients completing week 52 in the phase 3 studies BE MOBILE 1 (nr-axSpA; NCT03928704) and 2 (r‑axSpA; NCT03928743) were eligible for an ongoing open‑label extension (OLE; NCT04436640).

Ecology of prophage-like elements in Bacillus subtilis at global and local geographical scales.

Prophages constitute a substantial portion of bacterial genomes, yet their effects on hosts remain poorly understood. We examine the abundance, distribution, and activity of prophages in Bacillus subtilis using computational and laboratory analyses. Genome sequences from the NCBI database and riverbank soil isolates reveal prophages primarily related to mobile genetic elements in laboratory strains.

Multicenter In-House Evaluation of an Amplicon-Based Next-Generation Sequencing Panel for Comprehensive Molecular Profiling.

Background: Predicting response to targeted cancer therapies increasingly relies on both simple and complex genetic biomarkers. Comprehensive genomic profiling using high-throughput assays must be evaluated for reproducibility and accuracy compared with existing methods.

Methods: This study is a multicenter evaluation of the Oncomine™ Comprehensive Assay Plus (OCA Plus) Pan-Cancer Research Panel for comprehensive genomic profiling of solid tumors.

Ethnicity-specific patterns of epigenetic age acceleration in rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an age-related chronic inflammatory disease which may include accelerated biological ageing processes in its pathogenesis. To determine if increased biological age is associated with risk of RA and/or is present once disease is established. We used DNA methylation to compare biological age (epigenetic age) of immune cells in adults at risk of RA and those with confirmed RA, including twins discordant for RA.

Subclavian Ansae Stimulation on Cardiac Hemodynamics and Electrophysiology in Atrial Fibrillation: A Target for Sympathetic Neuromodulation.

Background: The sympathetic autonomic nervous system plays a major role in arrhythmia development and maintenance. Historical preclinical studies describe preferential increases in cardiac sympathetic tone upon selective stimulation of the subclavian ansae (SA), a nerve cord encircling the subclavian artery.

Objectives: This study sought to define, for the first time, the functional anatomy and physiology of the SA in humans using a percutaneous approach.

Cold exposure and thermoneutrality similarly reduce supraclavicular brown adipose tissue fat fraction in fasted young lean adults.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a metabolically highly active tissue that dissipates energy stored within its intracellular triglyceride droplets as heat. Others have previously utilized MRI to show that the fat fraction of human supraclavicular BAT (scBAT) decreases upon cold exposure, compared with baseline (i.e.

Global Literature Analysis of Tumor Organoid and Tumor-on-Chip Research.

: Tumor organoid and tumor-on-chip (ToC) platforms replicate aspects of the anatomical and physiological states of tumors. They, therefore, serve as models for investigating tumor microenvironments, metastasis, and immune interactions, especially for precision drug testing. To map the changing research diversity and focus in this field, we performed a quality-controlled text analysis of categorized academic publications and clinical studies.

Prognostic Value of Molecular Aberrations in Low- or Intermediate-Risk Neuroblastomas: A Systematic Review.

Background: The 5-year prognosis of non-high-risk neuroblastomas is generally good (>90%). However, a proportion of patients show progression and succumb to their disease. We aimed to identify molecular aberrations (not incorporated in the current risk stratification) associated with overall survival (OS) and/or event-free survival (EFS) in patients diagnosed with non-high-risk neuroblastoma.

Unplanned Weight Loss and Sarcopenia Across Body Mass Index Categories in Nursing Homes-A Cross-Sectional Study.

: Nutritional risks in older adults, such as malnutrition and sarcopenia, are often underdiagnosed. Screening practices frequently rely on Unplanned Weight Loss (UPWL), potentially overlooking at-risk individuals. This study aims to assess the prevalence of nutritional risk, identified by UPWL and sarcopenia, across different body mass index categories in a nursing home (NH) population.