Crystal structure of (E)-undec-2-enoic acid.

In the mol-ecule of the title low-melting α,β-unsaturated carb-oxy-lic acid, C11H20O2, the least-squares mean line through the octyl chain forms an angle of 60.10 (13)° with the normal to plane of the acrylic acid fragment (r.m.

Pronounced Size Dependence in Structure and Morphology of Gas-Phase Produced, Partially Oxidized Cobalt Nanoparticles under Catalytic Reaction Conditions.

It is generally accepted that optimal particle sizes are key for efficient nanocatalysis. Much less attention is paid to the role of morphology and atomic arrangement during catalytic reactions. Here, we unravel the structural, stoichiometric, and morphological evolution of gas-phase produced and partially oxidized cobalt nanoparticles in a broad size range.

Cobalt-based nanocatalysts for green oxidation and hydrogenation processes.

This protocol describes the preparation of cobalt-based nanocatalysts and their applications in environmentally benign redox processes for fine chemical synthesis. The catalytically active material consists of nanoscale Co3O4 particles surrounded by nitrogen-doped graphene layers (NGrs), which have been prepared by pyrolysis of phenanthroline-ligated cobalt acetate on carbon. The resulting materials have been found to be excellent catalysts for the activation of both molecular oxygen and hydrogen; in all tested reactions, water was the only by-product.

Crystal structure of (E)-hex-2-enoic acid.

The crystal structure of the title compound, C6H10O2, an α,β-unsaturated carb-oxy-lic acid, displays carb-oxy-lic acid inversion dimers linked by pairs of O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The packing is characterized by layers of acid dimers. All the non-H atoms of the (E)-hex-2-enoic acid mol-ecule lie almost in the same plane (r.

Crystal structure of (E)-pent-2-enoic acid.

The mol-ecule of the title compound, C5H8O2, a low-melting α,β-unsaturated carb-oxy-lic acid, is essentially planar [maximum displacement = 0.0239 (13) Å]. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into centrosymmetric dimers via pairs of O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

A comparative computationally study about the defined M(II) pincer hydrogenation catalysts (M = Fe, Ru, Os).

The mechanism of acetonitrile and methyl benzoate catalytic hydrogenation using pincer catalysts M(H)2 (CO)[NH(C2 H4 PiPr2 )2 ] (1M) and M(H)(CO)[N(C2 H4 PiPr2 )2 ] (2M) (M = Fe, Ru, Os) has been computed at various levels of density functional theory. The computed equilibrium between 1Fe and 2Fe agrees perfectly with the experimental observations. On the basis of the activation barriers and reaction energies, the best catalysts for acetonitrile hydrogenation are 1Fe/2Fe and 1Ru/2Ru, and the best catalysts for methyl benzoate hydrogenation are 1Ru/2Ru.

Cyclic Group 15 Radical Cations.

Singlet cyclo-1,3-dipnicta-2,4-diazane-1,3-diyls of the type [E(μ-NTer)2 E] (2, E=P, As, Ter=2,6-dimesitylphenyl) can undergo a one-electron-oxidation utilizing silver salts of weakly coordinating anions such as [AgLn][B(C6F5)4 ] (L=donor solvents) to afford the novel cyclic radical cations, [E(μ-NTer)2E](+·) (3(+·)). When smaller and more basic anions were employed in the reaction, the anions were found to form covalent bonds to the radical centers yielding dipnictadiazanes, [FP(μ-NTer)2PF] (5) and [(CF3CO2)P(μ-NTer)2P(CF3CO2)] (6). A two-electron oxidation process, resulting in the formation of dications of the type [E(μ-NTer)2E](2+), could not be observed.

Low-Temperature Isolation of the Bicyclic Phosphinophosphonium Salt [Mes*2P4Cl][GaCl4].

The reaction of [ClP(μ-PMes*)]2 (1) with the Lewis acid GaCl3 yielded a hitherto unknown tetraphosphabicyclo[1.1.0]butan-2-ium salt, [Mes*P4(Cl)Mes*][GaCl4] (3[GaCl4]), which incorporates a positively charged phosphonium center within its bicyclic P4 scaffold.

Crystal structure of di-n-but-yl-bis-(η (5)-penta-methyl-cyclo-penta-dien-yl)hafnium(IV).

The crystal structure of the title compound, [Hf(C10H15)2(C4H9)2], reveals two independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. The diffraction experiment was performed with a racemically twinned crystal showing a 0.529 (5):0.

Recyclable Bifunctional Polystyrene and Silica Gel-Supported Organocatalyst for the Coupling of CO2 with Epoxides.

A bifunctional ammonium salt covalently bound to a polystyrene or silica support proved to be an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the solvent-free synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO2 . The catalyst can be easily recovered by simple filtration after the reaction and reused in up to 13 consecutive runs with retention of high activity and selectivity even at 90 °C. The scope and limitations of the reaction has been evaluated in terms of reaction conditions and substrate scope.

Rh(I)-Catalyzed Hydroamidation of Olefins via Selective Activation of N-H Bonds in Aliphatic Amines.

Hydroamidation of olefins constitutes an ideal, atom-efficient method to prepare carboxylic amides from easily available olefins, CO, and amines. So far, aliphatic amines are not suitable for these transformations. Here, we present a ligand- and additive-free Rh(I) catalyst as solution to this problem.

Palladium-catalyzed carbonylative Sonogashira coupling between aryl triazenes and alkynes.

We developed a palladium-catalyzed carbonylative Sonogashira reaction with aryl triazenes and alkynes as substrates and methanesulfonic acid as the additive. A series of α,β-ynones were synthesized by this alternative procedure. Notably, bromides, iodides and hydroxyl groups could be well-tolerated under these reaction conditions.

Crystal structure of bis-(η(5)-cyclo-penta-dien-yl)(1,4-di-tert-butyl-buta-1-en-3-yn-1-yl)zirconium(IV) μ2-hydroxido-bis-[tris(penta-fluoro-phen-yl)borate].

Alkyl zirconocene cations have been of considerable inter-est as reactive species in many polymerization processes. In the crystal structure of the title compound, [Zr(C12H19)(C5H5)2](C36HB2F30O), the [Zr(C5H5)2((t-Bu)C=C(H)-C2(t-Bu))](+) cation displays a buta-1-en-3-yne ligand side-on coordinated to a typical bent zirconocene [centroid(cp)-Zr-centroid(cp) = 131.4 (3)°, Zr-C(buta-1-en-3-yne) = 2.

Formation of tri- and tetranuclear titanacycles through decamethyltitanocene-mediated intermolecular C-C coupling of dinitriles.

The reactions of [Cp*2 Ti(η(2) -Me3 SiC2 SiMe3 )] (Cp*=η(5) -pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) with various dicyano compounds were investigated. Nitrile-nitrile CC couplings result in multinuclear complexes owing to the bifunctionality of the substrates. Applying 1,3- or 1,4-dicyanobenzene led to tri- and tetranuclear complexes of the rare 1-metalla-2,5-diaza-cyclopenta-2,4-dienes.

Titanocene(III) complexes with 2-phosphinoaryloxide ligands for the catalytic dehydrogenation of dimethylamine borane.

A study of the dehydrogenation of dimethylamine borane using different titanocene(III) complexes with 2-phosphinoaryloxide ligands is presented. Complexes Cp2Ti(κ(2)-O, P-O-C6H4-PR2) (3a: R = i-Pr, 3b: R = Ph) (Cp = η(5)-cyclopentadienyl) and Cp*2Ti(κ(1)-O-O-C6H4-PR2) (5a: R = i-Pr, 5b: R = Ph) (Cp* = η(5)-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) were prepared by reactions of the 2-phosphinophenol ligand with different titanocene sources and fully characterised. Their catalytic activity depends on the steric influence of the cyclopentadienyl ligand, the coordination mode of the 2-phosphinoaryloxide ligand and on the used solvent.

N2 extrusion and CO insertion: a novel palladium-catalyzed carbonylative transformation of aryltriazenes.

A novel procedure for the replacement of N2 with CO of aryltriazenes has been developed. Aryltriazenes were converted to the corresponding arylamides catalyzed by 1 mol % of PdCl2/P(o-Tol)3 under CO pressure. In this process, aryldiazonium salts were generated in the presence of 40 mol % of MeSO3H.

Palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation of N-chloroamines with boronic acids.

Aryl (pseudo)halide-based (C-X) carbonylation reactions have been extensively studied during the past few decades. From both academic and synthetic points of view, the carbonylative transformation of N-X bonds represents an interesting and attractive area of investigation. In light of this, the first carbonylative cross-coupling between N-chloroamines and organoboronic acids has been developed.

Palladium-catalyzed dicarbonylative synthesis of tetracycle quinazolinones.

An interesting procedure for the synthesis of isoindolo[1,2-b]quinazolin-10(12H)-ones has been developed. Starting from commercially available 2-bromoanilines and 2-bromobenzyl amines, with the assistance of a palladium catalyst, the desired products were isolated in good yields. Notably, this procedure proceeded in a highly selective manner; two molecules of CO were incorporated into the substrates selectively.

Progress on all ends for carbon-carbon bond formation through photoredox catalysis.

Dual role for catalysts: Novel routes for the generation of asymmetric stereocenters using photoredox catalysis were recently developed. Different chiral catalytic systems allowed new CC bonds to form in good yields and enantioselectivities using a mild methodology in which light is used as the energy source.

Hydrogenation using iron oxide-based nanocatalysts for the synthesis of amines.

In this protocol, we describe the preparation of nanoscale iron oxide-based materials and their use in the catalysis of different hydrogenation reactions. Pyrolysis of a Fe(OAc)2-phenanthroline complex on carbon at 800 °C under argon atmosphere results in the formation of nanoscale Fe2O3 particles surrounded by nitrogen-doped graphene layers. By applying these catalysts, the hydrogenation of structurally diverse and functionalized nitroarenes to anilines proceeds with excellent selectivity.

A novel rhodium-catalyzed domino-hydroformylation-reaction for the synthesis of sulphonamides.

An efficient and highly selective method for the synthesis of sulphonamides by a domino hydroformylation-reductive sulphonamidation reaction has been developed. Various olefins and sulphonamides are converted into the desired products in good yields and with excellent selectivities in the presence of a rhodium/Naphos catalyst.

Crystal structure of bis-(η(5)-cyclo-penta-dien-yl)(2,3-di-ethyl-butane-1,4-di-yl)hafnium(IV).

The title compound, [Hf(C5H5)2(C8H16)], proves a structural motif of hafna-cyclo-pentane besides the coordination of two cyclo-penta-dienyl ligands in an η(5)-fashion. The hafna-cyclo-pentane ring has a twist conformation and is substituted by two ethyl groups in the β,β'-positions, which are trans orientated to each other. One cyclo-penta-dienyl ring and one ethyl group are each disordered over two positions with site-occupancy ratios of 0.

Crystal structure of (1S,2R,4S)-1-[(morpholin-4-yl)meth-yl]-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclo-hexane-1,2-diol.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C14H25NO3, contains two independent mol-ecules with similar geometry. The morpholine and cyclo-hexane rings of both mol-ecules adopt a chair conformation. Intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds are observed.

Iridium-catalyzed hydrogen production from monosaccharides, disaccharide, cellulose, and lignocellulose.

Hydrogen constitutes an important feedstock for clean-energy technologies as well as for production of bulk and fine chemicals. Hence, the development of novel processes to convert easily available biomass into H2 is of general interest. Herein, we demonstrate a one-pot protocol hydrogen generation from monosaccharides, disaccharide, and extremely demanding cellulose and lignocellulose substrates by using a pincer-type iridium catalyst.

Reactions of group 4 metallocenes with monosubstituted acetonitriles: keteniminate formation versus C-C coupling.

The reactions of the Group 4 metallocene dichlorides [Cp'2 MCl2 ] (1 a: M=Ti, Cp'=Cp*=η(5) -pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, 1 b: M=Zr, Cp'=Cp=η(5) -cyclopentadienyl) with lithiated MesCH2-C≡N gave [Cp*2 TiCl(N=C=C(HMes))] (3; Mes=mesityl) in the case of 1 a. For compound 1 b, a nitrile-nitrile coupling resulted in a five-membered bridge in 4. The reaction of the metallocene alkyne complex [Cp*2 Zr(η(2) -Me3 SiC2 SiMe3 )] (2) with PhCH2 C≡N led in the first step to the unstable product [Cp*2 Zr(η(2) -Me3 SiC2 SiMe3 )(NC=CH2 Ph)] (5).