Exploring 1-alkene biosynthesis in bacterial antagonists and jeotgalicoccus sp. ATCC 8456.

Terminal olefins are important platform chemicals, drop-in compatible hydrocarbons and also play an important role as biocontrol agents of plant pathogens. Currently, 1-alkenes are derived from petroleum, although microbial biosynthetic routes are known. Jeotgalicoccus sp.

Fabrication of Cu@Ag core-shell/nafion/polyalizarin: Applications to simultaneous electrocatalytic oxidation and reduction of nitrite in water samples.

In this study, a Cu@Ag core-shell was synthesized using a co-precipitation method. To create a new electrochemical sensor, a Cu@Ag core-shell with conductive polymers such as polyalizarin yellow R (PA) and Nafion (Nf) was immobilized on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (Cu@Ag-Nf/PA/GCE). X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques were employed to characterize the Cu@Ag-Nf/PA/GCE.

Understanding system interdependencies in sustainable paper production from residue grass biomass: Insights from fuzzy cognitive mapping.

This research investigates the pulp and paper industry's transition to sustainability by valorizing unused roadside and natural grasses for paper production. Large-scale production from residual grass poses multifaceted challenges, requiring collaboration across stakeholders, from biomass collection to manufacturing. To understand key drivers and barriers within this complex system, experts from various fields, including local farmers, researchers, policymakers, and industry executives were interviewed, leading to the development of a Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM).

A comprehensive review of postharvest quality and non-thermal preservation techniques for functional mushrooms.

Health concerns are increasingly prevalent due to aging populations and lifestyle-related diseases. Concurrently, modern consumers seek natural alternatives and are wary of medication side effects, emphasizing the importance of natural compounds for health maintenance. Functional mushrooms, known for their adaptogenic properties, offer health benefits beyond nutrition and are valued as nutraceuticals and functional foods.

Social conditions of smallholder dairy farmers influence their environmental decisions.

The objective of this study is to characterize the social conditions for making agricultural decisions. Particular attention is paid to sustainable agricultural practices in dairy farming. The theoretical framework has been developed around two major explicatory perspectives: sustainable development and quality of life.

Transforming waste wood into pure L-(+)-lactic acid: Efficient use of mixed sugar media through cell-recycled continuous fermentation.

Lignocellulosic media, containing diverse sugars and growth inhibitor compounds, pose great challenges to fermentation processes. This study tested thermophile Heyndrickxia coagulans strains for the production of L-(+)-lactic acid from waste wood hydrolysate. H.

Method for measuring the transpiration resistance of fruit and vegetables.

This investigation explores the intricate relationship between postharvest quality losses in fruit and vegetables and the dynamic interplay of transpiration and respiration activities. It underscores the profound impact of inherent produce properties and postharvest environmental conditions on transpiration, inducing changes in both external appearance and internal quality, notably wilting. Despite their common use, produce-specific transpiration coefficients encounter limitations due to diverse assumptions in calculations.

Stress response of 18-, 24- and 30-month-old sport horse stallions to a pretraining programme.

Warmblood sires traditionally have been presented for stallion licencing at 2 years of age, but the age at which horses are mentally fit for training is a point of controversy. We have therefore investigated the stress response of young stallions to pretraining for licencing. Salivary cortisol concentration, heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) were determined repeatedly over 12 weeks.

Traditionally produced tempeh harbors more diverse bacteria with more putative health-promoting properties than industrially produced tempeh.

In recent years, there has been a significant shift towards industrialization in food production, resulting in the implementation of higher hygiene standards globally. Our study focused on examining the impact of hygiene standards on tempeh, a popular Rhizopus-based fermented soybean product native to Indonesia, and now famous around the world. We observed that tempeh produced with standardized hygiene measures exhibited a microbiome with comparable bacterial abundances but a markedly different community structure and function than traditionally produced tempeh.

Wild again: recovery of a beneficial Cannabis seed endophyte from low domestication genotypes.

Background: Beyond carrying the plant embryo, seeds harbour intricate microbial communities whose transmission across successive plant generations can significantly influence the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of plant-microbe symbioses. The process of plant domestication has potential repercussions in genes involved in plant-microbiome interactions. However, the extent to which breeding can impact the seed microbiome is sparsely explored.

The terroir of Tempeh: Strong region-specific signatures in the bacterial community structures across Indonesia.

Tempeh, a soybean product from Indonesia, is created through fermentation by spp. and associated bacteria. Here, we aim to get an overview of the variability of the tempeh microbiota across Indonesia and disentangle influencing factors.

Enhanced anaerobic digestion of freezing and thawing pretreated cow manure with increasing solid content: kinetics and microbial community dynamics.

High solid anaerobic digestion has proved the mainstream technology for the treatment of organic wastes. However, the high molecular weight and complex lignocellulosic structure of cow manure (CM) make it indigestible and inefficient, leading to limit the hydrolysis step of anaerobic digestion at high solid content. To mitigate this bottleneck, an improved cost-effective freezing and thawing pretreatment technique was proposed in this study.

Sensing and Perception in Robotic Weeding: Innovations and Limitations for Digital Agriculture.

The challenges and drawbacks of manual weeding and herbicide usage, such as inefficiency, high costs, time-consuming tasks, and environmental pollution, have led to a shift in the agricultural industry toward digital agriculture. The utilization of advanced robotic technologies in the process of weeding serves as prominent and symbolic proof of innovations under the umbrella of digital agriculture. Typically, robotic weeding consists of three primary phases: sensing, thinking, and acting.

Unravelling the microbiome of wild flowering plants: a comparative study of leaves and flowers in alpine ecosystems.

Background: While substantial research has explored rhizosphere and phyllosphere microbiomes, knowledge on flower microbiome, particularly in wild plants remains limited. This study explores into the diversity, abundance, and composition of bacterial and fungal communities on leaves and flowers of wild flowering plants in their natural alpine habitat, considering the influence of environmental factors.

Methods: We investigated 50 wild flowering plants representing 22 families across seven locations in Austria.

Fruit Water Stress Index of Apple Measured by Means of Temperature-Annotated 3D Point Cloud.

In applied ecophysiological studies related to global warming and water scarcity, the water status of fruit is of increasing importance in the context of fresh food production. In the present work, a fruit water stress index () is introduced for close analysis of the relationship between fruit and air temperatures. A sensor system consisting of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor and thermal camera was employed to remotely analyze apple trees ( x Borkh.

A New Approach to Recording Rumination Behavior in Dairy Cows.

Rumination behavior in cattle can provide valuable information for monitoring health status and animal welfare, but continuous monitoring is essential to detect changes in rumination behavior. In a previous study validating the use of a respiration rate sensor equipped with a triaxial accelerometer, the regurgitation process was also clearly visible in the pressure and accelerometer data. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to measure the individual lengths of rumination cycles and to validate whether the sensor data showed the same number of regurgitations as those counted visually (video or direct observation).

Annotated image dataset of fire blight symptoms for object detection in orchards.

The monitoring of plant diseases in nurseries, breeding farms and orchards is essential for maintaining plant health. Fire blight () is still one of the most dangerous diseases in fruit production, as it can spread epidemically and cause enormous economic damage. All measures are therefore aimed at preventing the spread of the pathogen in the orchard and containing an infection at an early stage [1-6].

Enhancing cauliflower growth under cadmium stress: synergistic effects of Cd-tolerant strains and jasmonic acid foliar application.

The pollution of heavy metals (HMs) is a major environmental concern for agricultural farming communities due to water scarcity, which forces farmers to use wastewater for irrigation purposes in Pakistan. Vegetables grown around the cities are irrigated with domestic and industrial wastewater from areas near mining, paint, and ceramic industries that pollute edible parts of crops with various HMs. Cadmium (Cd) is an extremely toxic metal in arable soil that enters the food chain and damages the native biota, ultimately causing a reduction in plant growth and development.

Oak seedling microbiome assembly under climate warming and drought.

Despite that climate change is currently one of the most pervasive challenges, its effects on the plant-associated microbiome is still poorly studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the independent and combinatory effect of climate warming and drought on the microbiome assembly of oak from seed to seedling. In a multifactorial experimental set up, acorns were subjected to different temperatures (15 °C, 20 °C, and 25 °C) and soil moisture levels (drought (15%) and control (60%)) from germination until the seedling stage, after which the bacterial and fungal communities associated to the rhizosphere and phyllosphere were characterized by amplicon sequencing and qPCR.

Urban air quality affects the apple microbiome assembly.

Exposure to air pollution affects health of all organisms on earth but the impact on the plant microbiome is less understood. Here, we link the Air Quality Index with the dust and apple epiphytic and endophytic microbiome across the city of Graz (Austria). The microbiome of the apple episphere, peel endosphere and pulp endosphere, and surrounding dust was analyzed.

Ensiling conditions and changes of cannabinoid concentration in industrial hemp.

Hemp ( L.) is an important source of fibre and seed oil and protein. By-products of industrial hemp fibre production, like hemp seeds and cakes, can be used as feed for all animal species as fat and protein source and the whole hemp plant (including stalk and leaves) might be a suitable fibre source for ruminants.

Fruit surface temperature data at different ripeness stages and ambient temperature provided as temperature-annotated 3D point clouds of apple trees.

By means of a unique, low vibration circular conveyor system, plant sensors capturing light detection and ranging (LiDAR) unit and thermal camera were moved on the same route, around blocks of apple trees, with seven x Borkh. 'Gala' apple trees in each block. Measurements took place four times during the season.