Fertilizer Addition Modifies Utilization of Different P Sources in Upland Rice on Strongly P-fixing Andosols.

Aims: High Phosphorus (P) efficiencies such as internal P utilization efficiency (PUE) and P acquisition efficiency (PAE) are crucial for upland rice production, particularly on highly P-fixing soils like Andosols. While the effect of root traits associated with high PAE in upland rice has been studied intensively, less attention has been given to the origin of P (native soil-P versus fertilizer-P) taken up by plants when evaluating differences in P efficiency. Here we aim to evaluate the efficiency of different upland rice genotypes to acquire native soil-P and fertilizer-P.

Sustainable soil management practices provide additional benefit for energy use efficiency.

In light of recent fluctuations in energy prices, there has been a growing emphasis on energy efficiency within the agricultural sector. At the same time, ongoing soil degradation in intensive agricultural systems reinforced the need for soil health improving agricultural practices. This study combines the two aspects and examines the effects of sustainable soil management practices on total energy consumption, specifically focusing on fertilizer and pesticide energies, as well as economic indicators such as contribution margins.

Sustainable production of Pleurotus sajor-caju mushrooms and biocomposites using brewer's spent and agro-industrial residues.

Brazil is one of the world's largest beer producers and also a major food producer. These activities generate a large amount of residues which, if disposed of inappropriately, can have adverse effects on the environment. The objective of this research was to evaluate the potential of using these residues for both mushroom cultivation (traditional use) and the production of mycelium-based composites (innovative use).

Root exudation patterns of contrasting rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines in response to P limitation.

Rice exudation patterns changed in response to P deficiency. Higher exudation rates were associated with lower biomass production. Total carboxylate exudation rates mostly decreased under P-limiting conditions.

Potentials and limitations of a food group-based algorithm to assess dietary nutrient intake of women in rural areas in Tanzania.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of nutrient intake assessment with the food group-based algorithm "Calculator of Inadequate Micronutrient Intake" (CIMI) in comparison to the established nutrition software NutriSurvey. Using Food Frequency Questionnaires and 24-h dietary recalls of 1010 women from two rural districts in Tanzania, 23 relevant typical Tanzanian food groups were identified and subsequently the dietary protocols assessed CIMI algorithm were compared by bivariate correlations and Bland-Altman analysis with the results of the NutriSurvey software (reference) and were set in relation to blood biomarkers of 666 participants. CIMI and NutriSurvey calculations regarding macro- and micronutrient intakes were similar.

Towards diverse agricultural land uses: socio-ecological implications of European agricultural pathways for a Swiss orchard region.

Unlabelled: Diverse agricultural land uses are a typical feature of multifunctional landscapes. The uncertain change in the drivers of global land use, such as climate, market and policy technology and demography, challenges the long-term management of agricultural diversification. As these global drivers also affect smaller scales, it is important to capture the traits of regionally specific farm activities to facilitate adaptation to change.

The unexpected long period of elevated CH emissions from an inundated fen meadow ended only with the occurrence of cattail (Typha latifolia).

Drainage and agricultural use transform natural peatlands from a net carbon (C) sink to a net C source. Rewetting of peatlands, despite of high methane (CH ) emissions, holds the potential to mitigate climate change by greatly reducing CO emissions. However, the time span for this transition is unknown because most studies are limited to a few years.

Ectomycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal rhizosphere fungi increase root-derived C input to soil and modify enzyme activities: A C pulse labelling of Picea abies seedlings.

Consequences of interactions between ectomycorrhizal fungi (EcMF) and non-mycorrhizal rhizosphere fungi (NMRF) for plant carbon (C) allocation belowground and nutrient cycling in soil remain unknown. To address this topic, we performed a mesocosm study with Norway spruce seedlings [Picea abies (L.) H.

The Role of Different Types of Actors In The Future of Sustainable Agriculture In a Dutch Peri-urban Area.

Peri-urban areas support a broad range of multifunctional demands for public goods. In northwest Europe, peri-urban areas tend to overlap with intensive agricultural land, resulting in conflicts between agricultural use and the public good demands of residents. Sustainable intensification (SI) of agriculture might help reconcile agricultural and well-being goals, but it is unclear how the mix of actors in a peri-urban setting can trigger or restrain SI.

Social learning as an underlying mechanism for sustainability in neglected communities: The Brazilian case of the Bucket Revolution project.

In neglected communities, waste and organic residues are not only a vector of several problems, like diseases and water pollution, but also a contributor to increasing forms of vulnerability and marginalization. At the same time, these communities also have presented innovative local initiatives and transformative learning about natural resources management that can be a vehicle for achieving more sustainable food systems. In the south of Brazil, community-based organic residue management has shown an extraordinary potential to improve food security and livelihoods for (≈1600) community members of a vulnerable urban territory.

Sustainability assessment of short food supply chains (SFSC): developing and testing a rapid assessment tool in one African and three European city regions.

Unlabelled: Recent literature demonstrates the contribution of short food supply chains (SFSC) to regional economies and sustainable food systems, and acknowledges their role as drivers for sustainable development. Moreover, different types of SFSC have been supported by urban food policies (UFP) over the few last years and actors from the food chain became part of new institutional settings for urban food policies. However, evidence from the sustainability impact assessment (SIA) of these SFSC in urban contexts is limited.

Investigating the Adoption of Precautionary Behaviors Among Young Rural Adults in South Iran During COVID-19.

COVID-19 is an unprecedented challenge for public health worldwide. Reducing the incidence of the disease requires protective measures to prevent virus transmission. Understanding those factors influencing preventive behavior is the first step in preventing the spread of the disease.

Systems knowledge for sustainable soil and land management.

While soils and land are pivotal elements of many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and societal challenges, they face degradation and reduction of related functions and services worldwide. Societal demands on soils and land are increasing, including contributions to climate change mitigation and adaptation, ecosystem services, biodiversity and biomass production for food, feed, fiber and energy. This adverse combination of reducing capacities and increasing demands requires rapid transition towards sustainable soil and land management that mitigates trade-offs and creates synergies.

Who is the culprit: Is pest infestation responsible for crop yield losses close to semi-natural habitats?

Semi-natural habitats (SNHs) are becoming increasingly scarce in modern agricultural landscapes. This may reduce natural ecosystem services such as pest control with its putatively positive effect on crop production. In agreement with other studies, we recently reported wheat yield reductions at field borders which were linked to the type of SNH and the distance to the border.

Food Insecurity and Malnutrition in Rural Tanzania: Mapping Perceptions for Social Learning.

In Tanzania, a high level of hunger persists. Several factors compound a complex scenario of food insecurity. Contextual aspects at the community level can influence the maintenance of the vulnerable local conditions.

How much do we really lose?-Yield losses in the proximity of natural landscape elements in agricultural landscapes.

Natural landscape elements (NLEs) in agricultural landscapes contribute to biodiversity and ecosystem services, but are also regarded as an obstacle for large-scale agricultural production. However, the effects of NLEs on crop yield have rarely been measured. Here, we investigated how different bordering structures, such as agricultural roads, field-to-field borders, forests, hedgerows, and kettle holes, influence agricultural yields.

Adoption of Farm Management Systems for Cross Compliance - An empirical case in Germany.

In Germany, Farm Management Systems (FMS) have been introduced as a support to farmers' compliance with environmental and other regulations, aiming at the increase of farm level performance and sustainable farming practices. Different kinds of FMS were developed and promulgated with various approaches, determined by each federal state's agricultural advisory system. Knowledge on the FMS' uptake and effectiveness has been lacking so far.

Ecosystem Vulnerability Review: Proposal of an Interdisciplinary Ecosystem Assessment Approach.

To safeguard the sustainable use of ecosystems and their services, early detection of potentially damaging changes in functional capabilities is needed. To support a proper ecosystem management, the analysis of an ecosystem's vulnerability provide information on its weaknesses as well as on its capacity to recover after suffering an impact. However, the application of the vulnerability concept to ecosystems is still an emerging topic.

Carbon, Hydrogen and Chlorine Stable Isotope Fingerprinting for Forensic Investigations of Hexachlorocyclohexanes.

Multielemental stable isotope analysis of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) has the potential to characterize sources, sinks, and degradation processes in the environment. To verify the applicability of this approach for source identification of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs), we provide a data set of carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine stable isotope ratios (δC, δH, δCl) of its main stereoisomers (α-, β-, δ- and γ-HCHs) from a sample collection based on worldwide manufacturing. This sample collection comprises production stocks, agricultural and pharmaceutical products, chemical waste dumps, and analytical-grade material, covering the production time period from the late 1960s until now.

Culture growth of testate amoebae under different silicon concentrations.

Testate amoebae with self-secreted siliceous shell platelets ("idiosomes") play an important role in terrestrial silicon (Si) cycles. In this context, Si-dependent culture growth dynamics of idiosomic testate amoebae are of interest. Clonal cultures of idiosomic testate amoebae were analyzed under three different Si concentrations: low (50μmolL), moderate/site-specific (150μmolL) and high Si supply (500μmolL).

Spatial Heterogeneity of Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Its Temporal Course on Arable Land: Combining Field Measurements, Remote Sensing and Simulation in a Comprehensive Data Analysis Approach (CDAA).

The ratio of leaf area to ground area (leaf area index, LAI) is an important state variable in ecosystem studies since it influences fluxes of matter and energy between the land surface and the atmosphere. As a basis for generating temporally continuous and spatially distributed datasets of LAI, the current study contributes an analysis of its spatial variability and spatial structure. Soil-vegetation-atmosphere fluxes of water, carbon and energy are nonlinearly related to LAI.