Exploring Physical Activity Among Mexican American Immigrants in New York City Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Two-Wave Panel, Mixed-Method Analysis.

The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with decreases in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and increases in sedentary time for children and adults, and there is some evidence that Latino populations were particularly affected. This article leverages a two-wave panel, mixed-method social network dataset collected before and during the pandemic with Mexican American immigrants living in New York City to examine social networks and other factors associated with physical activity and explore participants' perceptions about how the pandemic affected their physical activity. Participants (n = 49) completed in-person, egocentric social network interviews between January and June 2019 and virtual follow-up egocentric social network interviews between May and November 2021.

Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveal that Diarylheptanoids Vary in Fruit Development.

is an important spice and medicinal plant that has received extensive attention in recent years for its high content of bioactive constituents with the potential for food additives and drug development. Diarylheptanoids are major and characteristic compounds in ; however, the biochemical and molecular foundation of diarylheptanoids in fruit is unknown. We performed comparative metabolomics and transcriptomics studies in the ripening stages of fruit.

Entwined African and Asian genetic roots of medieval peoples of the Swahili coast.

The urban peoples of the Swahili coast traded across eastern Africa and the Indian Ocean and were among the first practitioners of Islam among sub-Saharan people. The extent to which these early interactions between Africans and non-Africans were accompanied by genetic exchange remains unknown. Here we report ancient DNA data for 80 individuals from 6 medieval and early modern (AD 1250-1800) coastal towns and an inland town after AD 1650.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of provides insights into the biosynthesis of flavor compounds.

is an economically important spice plant in the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). The dried ripe fruit has been widely used as spice and medicine in Southeast Asia due to its distinct flavor metabolites. However, there is little genomic information available to understand the biosynthesis of its characteristic flavor compounds.

Identification, Biological Activities and Biosynthetic Pathway of Alkaloids.

is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the Orchidaceae family with more than 1,400 species. Many species have been used as medicinal plants in several Asian countries for thousands of years. Alkaloids were reported as the major biological markers due to their complex chemical compositions and various types.

The influence of sociodemographic factors on trauma center transport for severely injured older adults.

Objective: To examine sociodemographic predictors of trauma center (TC) transport of severely injured older adults.

Data Sources: The data source was the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, New York Inpatient Database (2014).

Study Design: This study was a secondary analysis of injured older adults.

Complications and Mortality Among Correctly Triaged and Undertriaged Severely Injured Older Adults With Traumatic Brain Injuries.

Determining differences in clinical outcomes of older adults treated at trauma centers (TCs) and nontrauma centers (NTCs) is imperative considering their persistent undertriage and the projected costs of fixing the problem. This study compared the incidence and predictors of complications and mortality among brain-injured older adults treated at TCs and NTCs. This secondary analysis of New York inpatient data included patients aged 55+ years, primary brain injury diagnosis, and acute care hospital admission.

A transcriptomic analysis of turmeric: Curcumin represses the expression of cholesterol biosynthetic genes and synergizes with simvastatin.

The spice turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) has a long history of use as an anti-inflammatory agent. The active component curcumin induces a variety of diverse biological effects and forms a series of degradation and metabolic products in vivo.

Using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry-Based Chemometrics for the Identification of Anti-angiogenic Biflavonoids from Edible Garcinia Species.

Garcinia xanthochymus fruits are edible and also used in traditional medicine. Our previous work showed that the isolated natural products from G. xanthochymus fruits have displayed antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity in the colon cancer cells.

Rigor or Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research: Perspectives, Strategies, Reconceptualization, and Recommendations.

Issues are still raised even now in the 21st century by the persistent concern with achieving rigor in qualitative research. There is also a continuing debate about the analogous terms reliability and validity in naturalistic inquiries as opposed to quantitative investigations. This article presents the concept of rigor in qualitative research using a phenomenological study as an exemplar to further illustrate the process.

Exploring the Philosophical, Paradigmatic, Conceptual-Theoretical Underpinnings of Qualitative Research: A Focus on a Phenomenological Study in Intensive Care Unit.

Qualitative research has become more accepted as a legitimate mode of inquiry in the social and behavioral sciences for many years but not without controversy and confusion even now in the 21st century. The procedures for conducting a qualitative research study evolve from a philosophical, paradigmatic, and interpretive frameworks. These are the aspects of a naturalistic inquiry where inconsistency is evident related to its complexity.

Early neurological deterioration in older adults with traumatic brain injury.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and resulting fatalities among older adults increased considerably in recent years. Neurological deterioration often goes unrecognized at the injury scene and patients arrive at emergency departments with near-normal Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores. This study examined the proportion of older adults experiencing early neurological deterioration (prehospital to emergency department), associated factors, and association of the magnitude of neurological deterioration with TBI severity.

Word retrieval in picture descriptions produced by individuals with Alzheimer's disease.

What can tests of single-word production tell us about word retrieval in connected speech? We examined this question in 20 people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in 20 cognitively intact individuals. All participants completed tasks of picture naming and semantic fluency and provided connected speech through picture descriptions. Picture descriptions were analyzed for total word output, percentages of content words, percentages of nouns, and percentages of pronouns out of all words, type-token ratio of all words and type-token ratio of nouns alone, mean frequency of all words and mean frequency of nouns alone, and mean word length.

Understanding Uncertainty Among Critically Ill Patients in the Intensive Care Unit Using Mishel's Theory of Uncertainty of Illness.

Background: The concept uncertainty has been explored in critical care but only among patients with myocardial infarction and post-cardiac catheterization using the Uncertainty in Illness Theory. Uncertainty is also a finding of numerous studies conducted in intensive care units (ICUs) that included only family members as participants of the research.

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to explore, describe, and understand the concept of uncertainty among patients and family members during critical illness in the ICU from the perspective of a phenomenological study with support from other studies published in the literature using Mishel's Theory of Uncertainty in Illness.

Associations of Alcohol Availability and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Characteristics With Drinking: Cross-Sectional Results From the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Background: Living in neighborhoods with a high density of alcohol outlets and socioeconomic disadvantage may increase residents' alcohol use. Few researchers have studied these exposures in relation to multiple types of alcohol use, including beverage-specific consumption, and how individual demographic factors influence these relationships.

Objective: To examine the relationships of alcohol outlet density and neighborhood disadvantage with alcohol consumption, and to investigate differences in these associations by race/ethnicity and income.

Qualitative research: the "what," "why," "who," and "how"!

There has been a general view of qualitative research as a lower level form of inquiry and the diverse conceptualizations of what it is, its use or utility, its users, the process of how it is conducted, and its scientific merit. This fragmented understanding and varied ways in which qualitative research is conceived, synthesized, and presented have a myriad of implications in demonstrating and enhancing the utilization of its findings and the ways and skills required in transforming knowledge gained from it. The purpose of this article is to define qualitative research and discuss its significance in research, the questions it addresses, its characteristics, methods and criteria for rigor, and the type of results it can offer.

One for the Road: A Comparison of Drinking and Driving Behavior Among Younger and Older Adults Involved in Fatal Crashes.

Driving while intoxicated has been widely studied, but little is known about the differences in driving behaviors between the youngest and oldest drivers who consume alcohol but are not intoxicated. This study examined factors leading to fatal crashes in younger and older drivers who consumed alcohol, with a focus on drivers whose blood alcohol concentration was less than 0.08%.

Traditional preparation of Phaleria nisidai, a Palauan tea, reduces exposure to toxic daphnane-type diterpene esters while maintaining immunomodulatory activity.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The leaves of Phaleria nisidai Kaneh. (Thymelaeaceae) are brewed into a tea commonly used as a tonic, strengthening beverage and immune enhancer in Palau, Micronesia. Recently, the leaves of P.