Identifying disruptive papers in pharmacy literature that changed clinical practice: 1954-2014.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

Revolutionising High Resolution HLA Genotyping for Transplant Assessment: Validation, Implementation and Challenges of Oxford Nanopore Technologies' Q20 Sequencing.

The advent of third-generation sequencing (TGS) represents a significant shift in the field of genetic sequencing, enabling single-molecule sequencing to overcome limitations of short-read NGS platforms. Several studies have assessed the utilisation of TGS in HLA genotyping, though many of these studies have described the high error rate as an obstacle to achieving a robust and highly accurate HLA typing assay. In 2021, Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) released the high-accuracy sequencing Kit 14 and the MinION flow cell model R10.

Assessing the measurement properties of PROMIS Computer Adaptive Tests, short forms and legacy patient reported outcome measures in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.

Background: The commonly used ('legacy') PROMs evaluating outcomes of total hip arthroplasty (THA), have several limitations regarding their measurement properties and interpretation of scores. One innovation in PROMs is the use of Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT). The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is a validated system of CATs.

Jonas Salk (1914-1995): Pioneering the Fight Against Polio and Beyond.

Jonas Salk (October 28, 1914 - June 23, 1995) was an American medical researcher celebrated for his pioneering work in virology, particularly the development of the first successful polio vaccine. This review highlights Salk's multifaceted talent and contributions. His research on the poliovirus led to the creation of the inactivated polio vaccine, proving that it could prevent the disease.

Validation of the European visual field standards for driving: A driving simulator-based study.

Purpose: To determine whether we could establish evidence-based pass/fail criteria for perimetry in the context of the European visual field standards for driving.

Methods: This two-centre, cross-sectional study included participants with binocular visual field loss that had led to revocation of a group-1 driving licence. The participants underwent cognitive and binocular visual testing, including the European Driving Test (EDT), a perimetry algorithm that adheres to the European visual field standards.

A review on the promising antibacterial agents in bone cement-From past to current insights.

Antibacterial bone cements (ABCs), such as antibiotic-loaded bone cements (ALBCs), have been widely utilized in clinical treatments. Currently, bone cements loaded with vancomycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, or clindamycin are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, traditional ALBCs exhibit drawbacks like burst release and bacterial resistance.

Fast vs slow rubidium-82 infusion profiles and test-retest precision of myocardial perfusion using contemporary 3D cardiac analog positron emission tomography-computed tomography imaging.

Background: On legacy 2D positron emission tomography (PET) systems utilizing a 50 mL/min Rb-82 profile, test-retest precision of quantitative perfusion is ∼10%. It is unclear whether Rb-82 infusion rate significantly impacts quantitative perfusion and/or image quality on modern analog 3D PET-CT systems. We aimed to determine whether the Rb-82 infusion profile significantly impacts test-retest precision of quantitative perfusion, perfusion metrics, and/or image quality on a modern analog 3D PET-CT scanner.

"First, Trust Needs to Develop": Hematologists' Perspectives on Factors Influencing Black Persons' Participation in Clinical Trials.

Background: Cancer clinical trials are crucial for treatment standards and innovation but lack racial-ethnic diversity. Understanding physician perspectives on recruiting participants is critical due to their role in decision-making about trial candidacy and enrollment.

Methods: From August 2021 to January 2022 we recruited 13 Academic hematologists experienced with treating blood cancers and enrolling clinical trial participants.

Extending insights from LeDoux: using movies to study subjective, clinically meaningful experiences in neuroscience.

Neuroscience research with public health relevance to emotional disorders examines brain-behavior relations. Joe LeDoux's legacy advances these efforts in ways that remain truly unique. While recognized for his basic science research, he also inspires applied researchers, guiding an agenda for clinical scientists: understanding the pathophysiology of altered subjective experiences in emotional disorders.

Chromobacterium violaceum infections in children: two case reports and literature review.

Purpose: Chromobacterium violaceum(C. violaceum) is a gram-negative bacterium that rarely infects humans, especially children. However, the mortality rate is high and there are no clear guidelines for treatment.

The Legacy of James Marion Sims: History Revisited.

The title "Father of Modern Gynecology" is often attributed to Dr James Marion Sims, a pioneering American physician whose contributions to gynecology have profoundly influenced modern medical practice. Born in 1813, Sims developed several innovative surgical techniques and instruments that revolutionized the treatment of gynecological conditions. Among his most notable contributions is the Sims speculum, which remains a fundamental tool in gynecological examinations today.

The 75-Year Anniversary of the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology at Karolinska Institutet-Examples of Recent Accomplishments and Future Perspectives.

Karolinska Institutet is a medical university encompassing 21 departments distributed across three departmental or campus groups. Pharmacological research has a long and successful tradition at the institute with a multitude of seminal findings in the areas of neuronal control of vasodilatation, cardiovascular pharmacology, neuropsychopharmacology, receptor pharmacology, and pharmacogenomics that resulted in, among many other recognitions, two Nobel prizes in Physiology and Medicine, one in 1970 to Ulf von Euler for his discovery of the processes involved in storage, release, and inactivation of neurotransmitters and the other in 1982 to Sune Bergström and Bengt Samuelsson for their work on prostaglandins and the discovery of leukotrienes. Pharmacology at Karolinska Institutet has over the last decade been ranked globally among the top 10 according to the QS World University Ranking.

Distribution characteristics of integrons and correlation analysis of antibiotic resistance in urine isolated .

Objective: This study aims to understand the distribution of integrons among isolated from clinical urine specimens in our hospital, as well as the molecular characteristics of the variable region resistance gene cassette of integron-positive strains and its relationship with drug resistance.

Methods: We collected a total of 80 strains of isolated from urine specimens of hospitalized patients in our hospital between August 2019 and July 2023, and conducted drug sensitivity testing on them. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology was employed to screen these strains for Class 1, 2, and 3 integrons.

A novel multifunctional PEEK internal fixation plate regulated by Gentamicin/chitosan coating.

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been broadly used in orthopedic implant devices. Nevertheless, the bioinert tended to cause implant loosening and bacterial infection in orthopedic and trauma surgery. In this study, a drug-laden chitosan coating (CS) was constructed and deposited on the porous surface of PEEK (CG-SPEEK) internal fixation plate for multi-functionalization.

Professor Alessandro Zuddas' Impact and Legacy: The Influential Networking and Human Connection Skills of a Passionate Scientist, Clinical Academic, and Pioneer in Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology.

Professor Alessandro Zuddas, from the University of Cagliari (Italy), passed away prematurely in July 2022. As a prominent figure in child and adolescent neuropsychiatry, he substantially influenced the fields of neurodevelopmental disorders and neuropsychopharmacology both nationally and internationally. Professor Zuddas was a renowned expert in basic and clinical research in child and adolescent psychopharmacology, an enlightened and stimulating educator, and a mentor to many students, residents, and senior colleagues.

Andrew Victor Schally: Pioneering Neuroendocrinologist and Architect of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Analogs.

Andrew Victor Schally is a pioneering figure in endocrinology and neuroendocrinology, whose work has fundamentally transformed the understanding and treatment of hormone-related disorders and cancer. His research, particularly in the isolation, characterization, and clinical application of hypothalamic hormones, has been instrumental in advancing medical science. Schally's early life, marked by the adversities of World War II, shaped his resilience and determination, driving him to pursue a career in medical research.

Isolation and characterization of pathogenic strains from lettuce: a potential source of antibiotic resistance and development of a mathematical model for ANOVA results.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of contamination in raw lettuce from Risalpur, Pakistan, and to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the isolated strains. The presence of foodborne pathogens such as poses significant public health risks, particularly in regions with suboptimal hygiene practices and improper food handling.

Methods: Lettuce samples were collected from various sources in Risalpur and screened for .

Exploring uncatalogued genetic variation in antimicrobial resistance gene families in Escherichia coli: an observational analysis.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli is a global problem associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. AMR-associated genes are typically annotated based on similarity to variants in a curated reference database, with the implicit assumption that uncatalogued genetic variation within these is phenotypically unimportant. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the AMRFinder tool and, subsequently, the potential for discovering new AMR-associated gene families and characterising variation within existing ones to improve genotype-to-susceptibility phenotype predictions in E coli.