Efficacy and Safety of Drugs for Gastroparesis: Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Although there have been multiple drugs tested in gastroparesis, their relative efficacy and safety are unknown. We evaluated this in a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: We searched the literature to September 7, 2022.

Negative Impact of Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction on Health-Related Quality of Life: Results From the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Survey.

Background & Aims: This study used the database from the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Survey to assess the differences in quality of life overall, and by age and sex, across individual disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), gastrointestinal anatomical region(s), and number of overlapping DGBI.

Methods: Data were collected via the Internet in 26 countries, using the Rome IV diagnostic questionnaire and a supplemental questionnaire including the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems Global-10 quality of life measure. Factorial analyses of variance were used to explore physical and mental quality of life, adjusting for multiple comparisons.

Factors associated with lower disease-specific and generic health-related quality of life in Rome IV irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Little is known about associations with reduced quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or impact of IBS on quality of life compared with other chronic conditions.

Methods: We collected demographic, gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms, healthcare usage, direct healthcare costs, impact on work and activities of daily living data from 752 individuals with Rome IV-defined IBS. We used the irritable bowel syndrome quality of life (IBS-QOL) and the EQ-5D-5L questionnaires to examine characteristics associated with lower quality of life.

Small bowel villous atrophy due to immune-checkpoint inhibitors: report of two cases and literature review.

The differential diagnosis of non-coeliac enteropathies (NCEs) is challenging and includes a wide range of aetiologies. Drug-induced NCEs are relatively common and characterized by duodenal villous atrophy, which resolves upon suspension of the offending drug. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), targeting molecules involved in the activation of cytotoxic T cells by targeting, for example, PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA4, are increasingly used for many types of cancers.

Response and Adverse Event Rates With Placebo in Gastroparesis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Multiple drugs have been used to treat gastroparesis symptoms, yet their therapeutic benefits are poorly understood partly due to lack of insight into response and adverse event rates with placebo in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We evaluated these issues systematically in drug trials for gastroparesis.

Methods: We searched the medical literature through August 2, 2022 to identify RCTs comparing active drug with placebo in patients with gastroparesis.

Linaclotide Reduced Response Time for Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Constipation Symptoms: Analysis of 4 Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: These post hoc analyses provide clinically relevant data concerning time to response for individual irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) symptoms after linaclotide use.

Methods: Time-to-response data were pooled from 4 randomized controlled trials. Response time for abdominal symptoms (pain, discomfort, and bloating) and complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method; patients were categorized as early responders (≤4 weeks), late responders (>4-12 weeks), or nonresponders.

Characteristics and Effect of Anxiety and Depression Trajectories in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Introduction: Symptoms of common mental disorders, such as anxiety or depression, are associated with adverse clinical outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We report trajectories of these symptoms in IBD, patient characteristics associated with different trajectories, and effects on healthcare utilization and prognosis.

Methods: We collected demographic, symptom, psychological, and quality-of-life data, with questionnaires at 3-month intervals, over 12 months of follow-up.

Willingness to pay for medications among patients with Rome IV Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Background: Little is known about willingness to pay for medications among individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Methods: We collected demographic, gastrointestinal symptom, psychological health, quality of life, and healthcare usage data from 752 adults with Rome IV-defined IBS. We examined willingness to pay for a hypothetical medication in return for improvement in IBS symptoms using a contingent valuation method, according to these variables.

Comparison of acid-lowering drugs for endoscopy negative reflux disease: Systematic review and network Meta-Analysis.

Background: The comparative efficacy and safety of medical therapies for gastro-esophageal reflux symptoms in endoscopy-negative reflux disease is unclear. We conducted a network meta-analysis to evaluate efficacy and safety of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), histamine-2-receptor antagonists, potassium-competitive acid blockers (PCABs), and alginates in patients with endoscopy-negative reflux disease.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, EMBASE Classic, and the Cochrane central register of controlled trials from inception to February 1, 2022.

Diet and irritable bowel syndrome: an update from a UK consensus meeting.

There has been a renewed interest in the role of dietary therapies to manage irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with diet high on the agenda for patients. Currently, interest has focussed on the use of traditional dietary advice (TDA), a gluten-free diet (GFD) and the low FODMAP diet (LFD). A consensus meeting was held to assess the role of these dietary therapies in IBS, in Sheffield, United Kingdom.

Natural history and impact of irritable bowel syndrome-type symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease during 6 years of longitudinal follow-up.

Background: The long-term natural history and impact of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-type symptoms on outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are uncertain.

Aim: To assess this in a longitudinal follow-up study of patients in secondary care METHODS: We assessed the natural history of IBS-type symptoms in IBD via Rome III criteria applied at baseline, and 2 and 6 years. We defined longitudinal disease activity as the need for glucocorticosteroids or flare, escalation, hospitalisation or intestinal resection.

Systematic review and meta-analysis: efficacy of peppermint oil in irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common disorders of gut-brain interaction, with a complex pathophysiology. Antispasmodics are prescribed as first-line therapy because of their action on gut dysmotility. In this regard, peppermint oil also has antispasmodic properties.

Amitriptyline at low-dose and titrated for irritable bowel syndrome as second-line treatment (The ATLANTIS trial): protocol for a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial in primary care.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional bowel disorder that has a considerable impact on patient quality of life and substantial societal and health care resource costs. Current treatments are often ineffective. Tricyclic antidepressants have shown promise in secondary care populations but their effectiveness in a primary care setting remains unclear.

Impact of Rome IV irritable bowel syndrome on work and activities of daily living.

Background: Few studies have demonstrated the impact of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) on work and activities of daily living.

Methods: We collected demographic, gastrointestinal symptom, psychological health and quality of life data from 752 adults with Rome IV-defined IBS. We used the work productivity and activity impairment questionnaire for irritable bowel syndrome and the work and social adjustment scale to examine the degree of both impairment at work and in activities of daily living, as well as factors associated with these.

What is the Prevalence of Clinically Significant Endoscopic Findings in Subjects With Dyspepsia? Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: The prevalence of clinically significant endoscopic findings in people with dyspepsia and understanding how symptoms can predict endoscopic pathology can help inform dyspepsia guidelines. We evaluated this in an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from 2010 through to January 2022 to identify relevant articles.

Functional bowel disorders with diarrhoea: Clinical guidelines of the United European Gastroenterology and European Society for Neurogastroenterology and Motility.

Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D) and functional diarrhoea (FDr) are the two major functional bowel disorders characterized by diarrhoea. In spite of their high prevalence, IBS-D and FDr are associated with major uncertainties, especially regarding their optimal diagnostic work-up and management. A Delphi consensus was performed with experts from 10 European countries who conducted a literature summary and voting process on 31 statements.

Treatment Trends for Eosinophilic Esophagitis and the Other Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases: Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.

Background: Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gut, including eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), gastritis (EoG), duodenitis (EoD), gastroenteritis (EoGE), and colitis (EoC). Available treatments may be ineffective in some patients, and several clinical trials are investigating alternative treatments.

Aim: We performed a systematic review of clinical trials to illustrate EGIDs treatment research trends.

Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes for Women with IBD in an Expert IBD Antenatal Clinic.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of adverse outcomes from pregnancy. It is unclear whether IBD indications account for the higher rate of Caesarean section (CS) in IBD patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 179 IBD patients cared for in a dedicated combined IBD antenatal clinic and 31,528 non-IBD patients was performed.