Oral post-treatment supplementation with a combination of glutamine, citrulline, and antioxidant vitamins additively mitigates jejunal damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation in rats with intestinal ischemia and reperfusion.

Introduction: Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (IIR) injury is closely associated with oxidative stress. Evidence shows that oral supplementation with glutamine and citrulline alleviates IIR-induced jejunal damage. We investigated the effects of a combination of glutamine, citrulline, and antioxidant vitamins on IIR-induced jejunal damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation.

Age- and gender-adjusted estimated glomerular filtration rate definition reveals hyperfiltration as a risk factor for renal function deterioration in type 2 diabetes.

Aim: To assess the role of hyperfiltration for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study enrolled type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with an initial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 60 mL/min/1.73m or higher.

Residual risk of cardiovascular complications in statin-using patients with type 2 diabetes: the Taiwan Diabetes Registry Study.

Background: The residual risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in statin-treated patients with diabetes remain unclear. This study was conducted to identify factors associated with these residual risks in patients with no prior vascular event.

Methods: Data on 683 statin-using patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from the Taiwan Diabetes Registry were used in this study.

[Holistic Person-Centered Care for Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus].

In 2022, the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes emphasized that type 2 diabetes care is a person-centered holistic care concept. This article summarizes the concepts of holistic care for individuals with type 2 diabetes and proposes a complete model of the six-layer whole-person care circle for individuals with type 2 diabetes. This model treats individuals with type 2 diabetes as the core of care and adopts their specific needs, preferences, and values to design individualized care plans.

Association of Possible Sarcopenia or Sarcopenia with Body Composition, Nutritional Intakes, Serum Vitamin D Levels, and Physical Activity among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Taiwan.

This study estimates the association between sarcopenia and blood biochemical parameters, nutritional intake, anthropometric measurements, physical performance, and physical activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants were recruited from a primary care clinic in Kaohsiung City. According to the diagnosis criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019, 110 patients with T2DM (aged 50-80 years) were divided into three groups: non-sarcopenia ( = 38), possible sarcopenia ( = 31), and sarcopenia ( = 41).

Behavioral and Psychological Factors in Buffering Diabetes-related Disability Development.

Background: Diabetes is associated with disability development. Healthy behaviors and psychosocial support can help patients manage their disease.

Purpose: To examine the role of various behavioral and psychological factors in buffering the effect of diabetes on disability development over time in Taiwanese adults.

Character Strengths Use in Diabetes Self-management Scale: Development and psychometric testing.

Aims: To develop and psychometrically test Character Strengths Use in Diabetes Self-management Scale in people with type 2 diabetes.

Design: Cross-sectional design.

Methods: Based on literature reviews and examination by experts, a 20-item scale was developed and administered to 350 participants with type 2 diabetes who were enrolled from two endocrine clinics by convenience sampling in Taiwan.

Resilience, self-efficacy and diabetes distress on self-management behaviours in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes: A moderated mediation analysis.

Aim: To examine (1) the mediating role of self-efficacy between resilience and self-management behaviours and (2) the moderating role of diabetes distress on the relationship between self-efficacy and self-management behaviours in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.

Design: Cross-sectional design.

Methods: Totally, 195 patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for more than 5 months but less than 18 months were recruited from three endocrine clinics in Taiwan through convenience sampling.

Determinants of fear of falling in older adults with diabetes.

Objectives: To identify the important determinants of FoF among older adults with diabetes in endocrine clinics based on demographic and illness characteristics, physical function and capability, psychosocial and cognitive factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 240 older adults with Type 2 diabetes who were recruited by convenience sampling. Self-reported questionnaires, medical records as well as physical function and capability tests were used to collect the data.

The Association Between the Decline of eGFR and a Reduction of Hemoglobin A in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between short-term (≤12 months) changes in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and hemoglobin A (HbA) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Method: A total of 2,599 patients with T2D were enrolled if they were registered in the Diabetes Sharecare Information System, were aged 18-75 years, and had 2-3 HbA and eGFR measurements within the preceding 12 months. The studied patients were categorized into five groups based on eGFR, i.

Greater Glycemic Burden Is Associated with Further Poorer Glycemic Control in Newly-Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

hyperglycemia impairs pancreatic β-cell function instantly, also known as glucotoxicity. It is unknown whether this insult is temporary or sustained, and little real-world evidence needs to reflect the relationship between hyperglycemic burden, per se, and glycemic durability. a retrospective observational cohort study was conducted to recruit newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

How Does Diabetes Accelerate Normal Aging? An Examination of ADL, IADL, and Mobility Disability in Middle-aged and Older Adults With and Without Diabetes.

Objectives: To build an age norm to quantify and compare the different progression rates of disability in people with and without diabetes.

Methods: Data were extracted from 5,131 adults aged 50 and older from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study in Aging (TLSA) conducted in 1996. Using multilevel mixed models, the disabilities were measured in 1999, 2003, and 2007.

Risk factors of falls and the gender differences in older adults with diabetes at outpatient clinics.

Aims: To explore the risk factors of falls and the gender differences based on demographic and disease characteristics, physical capability, and fear of falling in older adults with diabetes visiting outpatient clinics in Taiwan.

Design: Cross-sectional design.

Methods: A total of 485 patients with type 2 diabetes aged between 65 and 80 years were recruited from three endocrine outpatient clinics in Taiwan.

Pathways of diabetes distress, decisional balance, self-efficacy and resilience to quality of life in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes: A 9-month prospective study.

Aims And Objectives: To construct a path model addressing influences of diabetes distress, self-efficacy of injecting insulin, resilience and decisional balance of injecting insulin to quality of life (QoL) in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Background: Insulin regimens more negatively impact QoL than oral medication treatments in patients with T2DM. Understanding the factors and influencing pathways associated with subsequent QoL will help nurses design timely interventions to improve QoL of insulin-treated T2DM patients.

The Related Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Hospital-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), caused by small vessel disease, is the main cause of blindness in persons with diabetes. Taiwan is one of the Asian countries with the highest prevalence rate of DR. The purpose was to investigate the related risk factors of DR in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in Lee's Endocrinology Clinic.

[Associations of Personality, Distress, Social Support With Self-Care Behaviors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes].

Background: The findings of recent studies indicate that self-care behaviors are significantly associated with diabetes-related distress and social support in patients with type 2 diabetes. Moreover, Big-Five personality traits are also considered to be associated with self-care behaviors and should be considered.

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the associations between Big-Five personality traits, diabetes-related distress, and social support and diabetes self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Pioglitazone and statins lower incidence of Parkinson disease in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Background And Purpose: The pharmacologic effects of pioglitazone on the incidence of Parkinson disease (PD) are not clear. No study has examined the interaction between pioglitazone and statin treatment on prevention of PD. This study analyzed the associations between pioglitazone, statins, and the incidence of PD in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Taiwan.

Common and Unique Factors and the Bidirectional Relationship Between Chronic Kidney Disease and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver in Type 2 Diabetes Patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the common and unique risk factors and bidirectional relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Patients And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of patients with T2DM enrolled in a disease management program at two specialized diabetes outpatient clinics. Common and unique risk factors for CKD and NAFLD were examined using structural equation models (SEMs).

[Decision Cycle for Patient-Centered Glycemic Management in Type 2 Diabetes].

Effective glycemic control is crucial to achieving the ultimate goal of preventing complications and optimizing quality of life in patients with Type 2 diabetes. The American Diabetes Association and European Association for the Study of Diabetes recommend using the Decision Cycle for Patient-Centered Glycaemic Management as a model for caring for patients with Type 2 diabetes. This article describes the seven steps of this model.

Decisional Balance for Insulin Injection: Scale Development and Psychometric Testing.

Background: Insulin-naive patients are often reluctant to receive insulin treatment, and even insulin-treated patients frequently have poor rates of adherence to their prescribed insulin injection regimes. Assessing attitudes toward insulin injection may help in the design of interventions that improve the insulin injection behaviors of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The concept of decisional balance has been associated with behavior in many studies and may be useful in assessing the attitude of patients with T2DM toward insulin injection.