Accounting for learning environments in academic screening.

Within multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) practice and research, students' need for academic intervention is often determined by comparison of students' screening scores to cut scores. We examined the degree to which the relationship between students' fall screening data (i.e.

Dopamine receptors D1, D2, and D4 modulate electrical synapses and excitability in the thalamic reticular nucleus.

The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) is a thin shell of gap junction coupled GABAergic inhibitory neurons that regulate afferent sensory relay of the thalamus. The TRN receives dopaminergic innervation from the midbrain, and it is known to express high concentrations of D1 and D4 receptors. Although dopaminergic modulation of presynaptic inputs to TRN has been described, the direct effect of dopamine on TRN neurons and its electrical synapses is largely unknown.

Defining harmful news reporting on community firearm violence: A modified Delphi consensus study.

Community firearm violence (CFV), including fatal and non-fatal shootings that result from interpersonal violence, disproportionately harms people from marginalized racial groups. News reporting on CFV can further exacerbate these harms. However, examining the effects of harmful news reporting on CFV on individuals, communities, and society is hindered by the lack of a consensus definition of harmful reporting on CFV.

The Professional Identity of STEM Faculty as Instructors of Course-based Research Experiences.

The professional identity of scientists has historically been cultivated to value research over teaching, which can undermine initiatives that aim to reform science education. Course-Based Research Experiences (CRE) and the inclusive Research and Education Communities (iREC) are two successful and impactful reform efforts that integrate research and teaching. The aim of this study is to explicate the professional identity of instructors who implement a CRE within an established iREC and to explore how this identity contributes to the success of these programs.

Microdroplet Resuspension Off Surfaces.

Understanding the resuspension of droplets from surfaces into air is important for elucidating a range of processes such as disease transmission of airborne pathogens and determining environmental contamination and the effectiveness of cleaning procedures. The resuspension condition is defined as the escape velocity of a droplet from a surface. This study investigated the dynamics of microliter-sized droplet resuspension off surfaces utilizing a novel free-fall device.

Shifting evaluative construal: Common and distinct neural components of moral, pragmatic, and hedonic evaluations.

People generate evaluations of different attitude objects based on their goals and aspects of the social context. Prior research suggests that people can shift between at least three types of evaluations to judge whether something is good or bad: (how costly or beneficial it is), (whether it is aligned with moral norms), and (whether it feels good; Van Bavel et al., 2012).

Evolving Emulsion Microcompartments via Enzyme-Mimicking Amyloid-Mediated Interfacial Catalysis.

Living organisms take in matter and energy from their surroundings, transforming these inputs into forms that cells can use to sustain metabolism and power various functions. A significant advancement in the development of protocells and life-like materials has been the creation of cell-like microcompartments capable of evolving into higher-order structures characterized by hierarchy and complexity. In this study, a smart emulsion system is designed to digests chemical substrates and generates organic or inorganic products, driving the self-organization and structuration of microcompartments.

Expanding the Reaction Network of Ethylene Epoxidation on Partially Oxidized Silver Catalysts.

An extended microkinetic model (MKM) for the selective oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide (EO) is presented, based on an oxidic representation of the silver (Ag) surface, namely, the p(4 × 4) oxidic reconstruction of the Ag(111) phase to mimic the significant oxygen coverage under reaction conditions, as is evidenced by recent operando spectroscopic studies. The MKM features three pathways each for producing either ethylene oxide (EO) or carbon dioxide (CO), including the common intermediate or oxometallacycle (OMC) pathway, an atomic oxygen pathway, as well as pathways centered around the role of a diatomic oxygen species occupying an oxygen vacancy (O/O*). The MKM uses a composite set of experimental and density functional theory (DFT) kinetic parameters, which is further optimized and trained on experimental reaction data.

"We Were Just so Sad and Devastated": NICU Nurses' Stories of Caring for Families With Substance-Exposed Pregnancies.

This secondary analysis re-examined stories of caregiving told by NICU nurses in the southeast US through a trauma theory lens expanding on research surrounding substance-exposed pregnancies. Narrative analysis identified distress-related experiences of nurses related to child custody decisions and outcomes, suggesting traumatic stress within this caregiving dynamic. Four distinct story types and three themes were identified across 23 stories, highlighting similarities and differences and illustrating how distress and trauma were experienced and may be manifested in care practices.

Further exploration of the predictive validity of growth on early reading curriculum-based measures among students at risk for reading difficulties.

A variety of early literacy assessments are available to monitor student response to instruction in early reading skills. The purpose of this study was to explore the degree to which growth during the second half of kindergarten on measures of alphabetic principle (i.e.

Coacervation for biomedical applications: innovations involving nucleic acids.

Gene therapies, drug delivery systems, vaccines, and many other therapeutics, although seeing breakthroughs over the past few decades, still suffer from poor stability, biocompatibility, and targeting. Coacervation, a liquid-liquid phase separation phenomenon, is a pivotal technique increasingly employed to enhance the effectiveness of therapeutics. Through coacervation strategies, many current challenges in therapeutic formulations can be addressed due to the tunable nature of this technique.

Polythiophene side chain chemistry and its impact on advanced composite anodes for lithium-ion batteries.

In the development of high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the design of polymer binders, particularly through manipulation of side-chain chemistry, plays a pivotal role in optimizing electrode stability, ion transport, and adaptability to the volume changes during cycling. In particular, poly[3-(potassium-4-butanoate)thiophene-2,5-diyl] (P3KBT) increases magnetite and silicon capacity and cycling stability. This work explores the impact of polythiophene alkyl sidechain length on anode characteristics, aiming to enhance performance in LIBs.

Controlling Ion Uptake in Carboxylated Mixed Conductors.

Organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs) have garnered significant attention due to their capacity to transport both ions and electrons, making them ideal for applications in energy storage, neuromorphics, and bioelectronics. However, charge compensation mechanisms during the polymer redox process remain poorly understood, and are often oversimplified as single-ion injection with little attention to counterion effects. To advance understanding and design strategies toward next-generation OMIEC systems, a series of p-channel carboxylated mixed conductors is investigated.

Nuclear eDNA metabarcoding primers for anthozoan coral biodiversity assessment.

The distributions of anthozoan corals are undercharacterized due to their wide bathymetric ranges, occurrences in remote locales, and difficulties of identification from morphology alone. Environmental DNA (eDNA) sequencing promises to be a noninvasive strategy to complement conventional approaches for mapping and monitoring the distribution and biodiversity of coral communities. Primers for eDNA metabarcoding have been designed to amplify nuclear and mitochondrial DNA barcodes in shallow scleractinians and mitochondrial in deep-sea octocorals.

Magma Chamber Response to Ice Unloading: Applications to Volcanism in the West Antarctic Rift System.

Volcanic activity has been shown to affect Earth's climate in a myriad of ways. One such example is that eruptions proximate to surface ice will promote ice melting. In turn, the crustal unloading associated with melting an ice sheet affects the internal dynamics of the underlying magma plumbing system.

Project G-SPACE: protocol for exploring the influence of green space on sleep and mental health among children.

Background: The prevention of pediatric mental health disorders is a growing health priority in the United States. While exposure to green space, such as outdoor vegetation, has been linked with improved mental health outcomes in children, little is known about the impact of green space on children's sleep. Sleep has many benefits, but the factors affecting both sleep and mental health as they relate to green space exposure are not well understood in children.

Tailored Ni(OH)/CuCo/Ni(OH) Composite Interfaces for Efficient and Durable Urea Oxidation Reaction.

Electrocatalytic urea oxidation reaction is a promising alternative to water oxidation for more efficient hydrogen production due to its significantly lower thermodynamic potential. However, achieving efficient electrochemical urea oxidation remains a formidable challenge, and development of an improved electrocatalyst with an optimal physicochemical and electronic structure toward urea oxidation is desired. This can be accomplished by designing a tailored two-dimensional composite with an abundance of active sites in a favorable electronic environment.

Ecological Threats and Cultural Systems : Epidemics and Natural Disasters Do Not Predict Collectivism.

Considering the role of human interactions in infectious disease outbreaks and cooperation in mitigating natural disasters consequences, ecological threats to human survival have been among proposed drivers of collectivism. Utilizing established and novel measures of parasite stress and natural disasters, we investigated their association with collectivism in a large sample of countries (N = 188). Linear mixed-effect models indicated that after controlling for national wealth, neither natural disasters nor infectious disease can predict collectivism scores.

Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Fragment Linked to Tumor-Targeting Lipid Nanoparticle Can Eliminate Cancer and Its Metastasis via Photoimmunotherapy.

Effective cancer therapy aims to treat primary tumors and metastatic and recurrent cancer. Immune checkpoint blockade-mediated immunotherapy has shown promising effects against tumors; however, its efficacy in metastatic or recurrent cancer is limited. Here, based on the advantages of nanomedicine, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) that can target tumors are synthesized for photothermal therapy (PTT) and immunotherapy to treat primary and metastatic recurrent cancer.

Analyzing and predicting short-term substance use behaviors of persons who use drugs in the great plains of the U.S.

Background: Substance use induces large economic and societal costs in the U.S. Understanding the change in substance use behaviors of persons who use drugs (PWUDs) over time, therefore, is important in order to inform healthcare providers, policymakers, and other stakeholders toward more efficient allocation of limited resources to at-risk PWUDs.

Nano-Biomechanical Investigation of Phosphatidylserine-Mediated Ebola Viral Attachment via Human Gas6 and Axl.

The Ebola virus is a deadly pathogen that has been threatening public health for decades. Recent studies have revealed alternative viral invasion routes where Ebola virus approaches cells via interactions among phosphatidylserine (PS), PS binding ligands such as Gas6, and TAM family receptors such as Axl. In this study, we investigate the interactions among phosphatidylserine on the Ebola viral-like particle (VLP) membrane, human Gas6, and human Axl using atomic force microscope-based single molecule force spectroscopy to compare their binding strength and affinity from a biomechanical perspective.

Classical Batch Distillation of Anaerobic Digestate to Isolate Ammonium Bicarbonate: Membrane Not Necessary!

The excessive mineralization of organic molecules during anaerobic fermentation increases the availability of nitrogen and carbon. For this reason, the development of downstream processing technologies is required to better manage ammonia and carbon dioxide emissions during the storage and land application of the resulting soil organic amendment. The present work investigated classical distillation as a technology for valorizing ammoniacal nitrogen (NH-N) in anaerobic digestate.