Genetics and Age-Related Eye Disease Study Formulation Interaction in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: This work aims to determine whether previously defined genotype risk groups interact with Age-Related Eye Disease Study formulation (AREDS-F) use in progression to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD).

Methods: We conducted a case-only study of 265 nvAMD patients. Patients were anonymously genotyped at the complement factor H and age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 loci and segregated into genotype groups (GTGs) defined by specific combinations of risk alleles.

Endoilluminated infusion cannula for anterior segment surgery.

Unlabelled: An endoilluminated infusion cannula has been designed to enhance visualization when performing a bimanual anterior chamber vitrectomy. Although routinely used in posterior vitreous surgery, endoillumination has been sparingly described and used in complex anterior segment procedures. This instrument, with or without the use of triamcinolone staining, may add to the safety and efficacy when the cataract surgeon must perform an anterior vitrectomy.

Glaukos iStent Trabecular Micro-Bypass.

The iStent trabecular micro-bypass system (Glaukos Corp. Laguna Hills, CA) was developed to address the limitations of current medical and surgical therapies for glaucoma treatment. The iStent((R)) is inserted ab interno through a small temporal clear corneal incision, bypassing the trabecular meshwork and placed in Schlemm's canal at the lower nasal quadrant.

Astigmatism control.

Refractive cataract surgery has become a reality for the modern phacosurgeon, and control of astigmatism plays a vital role in this quest for optical refractive outcomes. Fortunately, a number of effective options exist to minimize postoperative cylinder. These include placing the cataract incision on the steep corneal meridians; use of adjunctive corneal or limbal relaxing incisions; or even using advanced technology, such as the excimer laser.

Treating astigmatism at the time of cataract surgery.

An increasingly important goal of modern cataract and implant surgery is to obtain the most desirable refractive outcome for our patients, and in so doing, decrease their dependence upon spectacle correction. Refined spherical outcomes are now achieved by directing close attention to biometry technique, through the use of third generation intraocular lens (IOL) power formulae, and refinements in technology such as partial coherence interferometry. Similarly, improvements in astigmatic outcomes are now possible by focusing upon and obtaining more accurate preoperative cylinder measurements, careful surgical planning particularly in regard to incision(s) design, use of toric IOLs, and employing advanced postoperative enhancement techniques.

Corneal thickness variation during eight-incision radial keratotomy.

Purpose: To determine the degree of corneal thickness variability that may be encountered during routine radial keratotomy (RK) surgery.

Setting: Office refractive surgical suite. Laurel Eye Clinic, Brookville, Pennsylvania.

Enlarging the pupil for cataract extraction using flexible nylon iris retractors.

A technique using flexible iris retractors to manage small pupils during cataract extraction reduces iris trauma, allows adjustment of pupil size, and reduces intraoperative difficulty more than previously described techniques. This method is appropriate for extracapsular cataract extraction and phacoemulsification, as well as the posterior segment procedures for which it was originally described.