Hybrid Enzyme-Electrocatalyst Cascade Modified Gas-Diffusion Electrodes for Methanol Formation from Carbon Dioxide.

We propose a hybrid electrocatalytic-bioelectrocatalytic reaction cascade integrated on a gas diffusion electrode for CO reduction under selective formation of methanol. Ag-BiO selectively reduces gaseous CO to formate at neutral pH conditions. A subsequent enzymatic cascade comprising formaldehyde dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase, which are both nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent, further reduce formate sequentially to formaldehyde and methanol.

Recognition of Noncanonical RNA Base Pairs Using Triplex-Forming Peptide Nucleic Acids.

Noncanonical base pairs play an important role in enabling the structural and functional complexity of RNA. Molecular recognition of such motifs is challenging because of their diversity, significant deviation from the Watson-Crick structures, and dynamic behavior, resulting in alternative conformations of similar stability. Triplex-forming peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) have emerged as excellent ligands for the recognition of Watson-Crick base-paired double helical RNA.

Effect of multispecies swards on ruminal fermentation, methane emission and potential for climate care cattle farming - an in vitro study.

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from livestock ruminants, particularly methane (CH), nitrous oxide, and indirectly ammonia (NH) significantly contribute to climate change and global warming. Conventional monoculture swards for cattle feeding, such as perennial ryegrass or Italian ryegrass, usually require substantial fertiliser inputs. Such management elevates soil mineral nitrogen levels, resulting in GHG emissions and potential water contamination.

Evaluating the need for standardised disease manifestation categories in patients infected with the tick-borne encephalitis virus: A Delphi panel.

Categorization systems for tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) infection lack consistency in classifying disease severity. To evaluate the need for a standard, consensus-based categorisation system for TBEV infection across subtypes, we gathered an expert panel of clinicians and scientists with diverse expertise in TBEV infection. Consensus was sought using the Delphi technique, which consisted of 2 web-based survey questionnaires and a final, virtual, consensus-building exercise.

Global impact of ten-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in all ages (the PSERENADE project): a global surveillance analysis.

Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) that are ten-valent (PCV10) and 13-valent (PCV13) became available in 2010. We evaluated their global impact on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence in all ages.

Methods: Serotype-specific IPD cases and population denominators were obtained directly from surveillance sites using PCV10 or PCV13 in their national immunisation programmes and with a primary series uptake of at least 50%.

FACTORS AFFECTING COVID-19 OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES.

Background: Patients with hematological malignancies (HM) are considered to have a high risk of developing severe and life-threatening infections including COVID-19 because of immune deficiency and immunosuppressive treatments. Although the COVID pandemic spread worldwide, morbidity and mortality data varied from country to country. A more accurate identification of risk factors would allow the improvement of the clinical management of HM patients.

Workshop on the Latest Advances in Biomedical Applications of Octacalcium Phosphate.

The first workshop on the "latest advances in biomedical applications of octacalcium phosphate (OCP)" was organized as a satellite symposium to the Bioceramics33 conference in Solothurn, Switzerland, in October 2023. The event brought together leading researchers and industry representatives to present and discuss their latest groundbreaking research aimed at developing and commercializing advanced OCP-based biomaterials for bone regeneration. The topics presented by the six invited speakers ranged from a fundamental understanding of the OCP crystal chemistry to advanced processing and characterization methods, functionalization, biomineralization, and commercialization.

Unveiling underlying factors for optimizing light spectrum to enhance microalgae growth.

Emerging research highlights the potential of specific light spectral regions to significantly enhance microalgae biomass production compared to conventional white light illumination. However, conflicting results of existing studies on the most optimal wavelengths reveal a knowledge gap regarding the underlying factors for optimal spectrum. The present paper aims to address this gap by critically analyzing existing studies on light spectral quality and its impact on microalgae growth.

Can triad forestry reconcile Europe's biodiversity and forestry strategies? A critical evaluation of forest zoning.

Balancing increasing demand for wood products while also maintaining forest biodiversity is a paramount challenge. Europe's Biodiversity and Forest Strategies for 2030 attempt to address this challenge. Together, they call for strict protection of 10% of land area, including all primary and old growth forests, increasing use of ecological forestry, and less reliance on monocultural plantations.

Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Brain Damage in Methanol Poisoning: A Case of Rapid Deterioration.

BACKGROUND Methanol is a toxic alcohol that is often ingested accidentally or intentionally. Its metabolites can induce severe visual disturbances, metabolic acidosis, and neurological dysfunction, which can frequently become life-threatening. CASE REPORT A 44-year-old woman with a history of depression and alcohol use was hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit after cardiopulmonary reanimation.

Artificial intelligence in surgical pathology - Where do we stand, where do we go?

Surgical and neuropathologists continuously search for new and disease-specific features, such as independent predictors of tumor prognosis or determinants of tumor entities and sub-entities. This is a task where artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML) systems could significantly contribute to help with tumor outcome prediction and the search for new diagnostic or treatment stratification biomarkers. AI systems are increasingly integrated into routine pathology workflows to improve accuracy, reproducibility, productivity and to reveal difficult-to-see features in complicated histological slides, including the quantification of important markers for tumor grading and staging.

Global Distribution of Colorectal Cancer Staging at Diagnosis: An Evidence Synthesis.

Background And Aims: Stage at diagnosis is a key prognostic factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) survival. We aimed to assess the global distribution of CRC staging at diagnosis using population-based or hospital-based registry data.

Methods: We systematically searched in MEDLINE and Embase from their inception until 6 December 2023.

Novel radionuclides: demand, production and distribution for translational research in Europe.

Background: In the field of medical and scientific research, radionuclides are used to investigate various physiological and pathological processes. PRISMAP - the European medical radionuclide programme was created to bring together production facilities including intense neutron sources, an isotope mass separation facility, high-power accelerators, biomedical research institutes, and hospitals to support medical research. The aim of this article is to introduce readers with the current status of innovative radionuclides in Europe.

Soluble Proteins From Conventional and Organic Eggshell Membranes With Different Proteomic Profiles Show Similar In Vitro Biofunctions.

The eggshell membrane (ESM), resembling the extracellular matrix (ECM), acts as a protective barrier against bacterial invasion and offers various biofunctions due to its porous structure and protein-rich composition, such as ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, collagen, soluble protein, and antimicrobial proteins. However, the structure of ESM primarily comprises disulfide bonds and heterochains, which poses a challenge for protein solubilization/extraction. Therefore, the method of dissolving and extracting bioactive protein components from ESM has significant potential value and importance for exploring the reuse of egg waste and environmental protection.

High drug-loaded amorphous solid dispersions of a poor glass forming drug: The impact of polymer type and cooling rate on amorphous drug behaviour.

Enhancing the aqueous solubility via amorphization of crystalline poor glass-forming drugs represents a challenge, particularly when drug dosing is high. In such scenarios, there is often a need for high polymer loadings leading to an increase in the dosage form mass and less patient acceptability. This work investigated the role that polymer type and after-melt cooling rate had upon the amorphicity of solid dispersions (SDs) containing high levels of naproxen and three commonly used polymeric excipients: Eudragit® EPO, Kollidon® VA64, and Soluplus®.

Targeted anticancer pre-vinylsulfone covalent inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase IX.

We designed novel pre-drug compounds that transform into an active form that covalently modifies particular His residue in the active site, a difficult task to achieve, and applied to carbonic anhydrase (CAIX), a transmembrane protein, highly overexpressed in hypoxic solid tumors, important for cancer cell survival and proliferation because it acidifies tumor microenvironment helping invasion and metastases processes. The designed compounds have several functionalities: (1) primary sulfonamide group recognizing carbonic anhydrases (CA), (2) high-affinity moieties specifically recognizing CAIX among all CA isozymes, and (3) forming a covalent bond with the His64 residue. Such targeted covalent compounds possess both high initial affinity and selectivity for the disease target protein followed by complete irreversible inactivation of the protein via covalent modification.

Managing supervisory drift in cognitive behavioral therapy: A narrative review with case vignettes.

Drift is a phenomenon that can occur in cognitive-behavioral supervision, where core components of supervision are omitted, avoided, or deprioritized. This narrative review explores the signs, reasons, and impact of supervisory drift at the experiential, cognitive, and emotional levels for both the supervisor and the supervisee. Additionally, the article presents potential solutions for preventing and addressing supervisory drift, such as staying on track, anticipating problems before they arise, adapting supervision to the supervisee's needs, using active supervision methods to understand drift better, engaging in Supervision of Supervision (SoS), and using alliance measures.

Efficient removal of lipophilic compounds from sewage sludge: Comparative evaluation of solvent extraction techniques.

Municipal sewage sludge, a by-product of wastewater treatment plants, presents environmental challenges due to its complex composition. Particular concern is the lipophilic and aliphatic compounds that pose risks to the environment and human health. This study focuses on the efficient removal of those compounds from sewage sludge using several organic solvents (hexane, toluene, chloroform, dichloromethane, acetone, hexane-methanol mixture, ethanol, and methanol) and ionic liquids (ILs) like tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate by solvent extraction techniques.

Aspen Wood Characteristics Following Thermal Modification in Closed Process Under Pressure in Nitrogen.

Using a pilot-scale chamber with an interior capacity of 340 L, European aspen () wood boards were thermally modified (TM) under pressure in nitrogen at a maximum temperature of 160-170 °C, for 60-180 min, and with an initial nitrogen pressure of 4-5 bar. After the TM process, aspen wood was characterised by dimensional changes, mass loss (ML), equilibrium moisture content (EMC), antiswelling efficiency (ASE), cell wall total water capacity (CWTWC), modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and Brinell hardness (BH). This work offers fresh insights into the characteristics of aspen wood following a closed TM process in pressurised nitrogen.

The Use of Recycled Cement-Bonded Particle Board Waste in the Development of Lightweight Biocomposites.

Cement-bonded particle boards are gaining popularity globally due to their durability, strength, and, more importantly, environmental sustainability. The increasing demand for these materials has also created the necessity for the sustainable recycling of these materials. In this study, the potential to recycle wood-wool cement board (WWCB) waste into new lightweight insulation biocomposite material was examined.

Moisture Absorption and Mechanical Degradation of Polymer Systems Incorporated with Layered Double Hydroxide Particles.

This study investigated the moisture absorption and mechanical degradation of epoxy-based polymer systems with Mg-Al/NO layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles content up to 5 wt%. Such systems are developed for multilayer corrosion protective coatings. A sorption model was developed to calculate the moisture concentration field in the multilayer structures using Fick's law of diffusion.

Enhancing Antimicrobial Efficacy of Sandalwood Essential Oil Against for Food Preservation.

The growing emphasis on food safety and healthier lifestyles, driven by industrial expansion and scientific priorities, has highlighted the necessity of managing harmful microorganisms to guarantee food quality. A significant challenge in this domain is the control of pathogens that are capable of forming biofilms, entering a sessile state that enhances their resistance to broad-spectrum antibiotics. Essential oils, renowned for their antibacterial properties, present a promising natural alternative for food preservation.

spp. Are Associated with Co-Infection in Wild and Domestic Canids.

spp. and are zoonotic food- and water-borne protozoa of veterinary importance. They are one of the main causes of diarrhea in domestic dogs ().