Impact of under-assisted ventilation on diaphragm function and structure in a porcine model.

Background: Long-term controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) in intensive care unit (ICU) induces ventilatory-induced-diaphragm-dysfunction (VIDD). The transition from CMV to assisted mechanical ventilation is a challenge that requires clinicians to balance over-assistance and under-assistance. While the effects of over-assistance on the diaphragm are well known, we aimed to assess the impact of under-assistance on diaphragm function and structure in piglet model with pre-existing VIDD (after long-term CMV) or without VIDD (short-term CMV).

NATURAL HISTORY OF MEDULLARY THYROID CARCINOMA IN MEN-2 PATIENTS CARRYING A VARIANT AT CODON 804 IN THE RET PROTO-ONCOGENE: A STUDY BY THE FRENCH NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOR GROUP (GTE).

Background: RET variants affecting codon 804 are part of the low-to-moderate risk group in the ATA classification, with indications for prophylactic thyroidectomy beyond age of 5 years. However, aggressiveness seems to be variable. The objective of this study was to report a large cohort of French carriers of a pathogenic variant at codon 804 in the RET proto-oncogene.

Combination of rapamycin and adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells enhances therapeutic potential for osteoarthritis.

Background: The regenerative potential of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) has been extensively studied in clinical trials in the past decade. However, despite the promising regenerative properties documented in preclinical studies, for instance in osteoarthritis (OA), the therapeutic translation of these results in patients has not been fully conclusive. One factor contributing to this therapeutic barrier could be the presence of senescent cells in OA joints.

Exploring body ideal internalization, sociocultural pressures, and probable muscle dysmorphia in Canadian and American boys and men.

This study aimed to determine whether the internalization of body ideals and sociocultural pressures to adhere to body ideals are associated with a greater likelihood of having probable muscle dysmorphia. Cross-sectional data from 1553 boys and men ages 15-35 from Canada and the United States were used. Multiple logistic regression analyses determined the association between the internalization of three body ideals, sociocultural pressures to adhere to body ideals from four sources, and having probable muscle dysmorphia.

Cross-calibration of areal bone mineral densities and body composition between DMS Stratos and Hologic Horizon A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometers: The effect of body mass index.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlations between areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and body composition measured by two dual-energy X-ray absorptiometers (DXA), the DMS Stratos® (STR) and the Hologic Horizon A® (HRZ), and then generate cross-calibration equations between the two scanners.

Methods: Repeat scans were obtained from 251 adults (85 % female), 36 ± 14 years old with mean body mass index (BMI) of 28.7 ± 11.

Effect of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Pilot Study.

: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common condition with limited long-term treatment options. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has shown potential for pain improvement, but its use in CLBP remains underexplored. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy, feasibility and tolerability of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in reducing pain and improving functional outcomes in CLBP patients.

Impact of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage to control intracranial hypertension in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a retrospective monocentric cohort.

Background: External lumbar drainage (ELD) of cerebrospinal fluid may help control intracranial pressure following a traumatic brain injury. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ELD in post-traumatic intracranial hypertension (IH).

Methods: This retrospective monocentric cohort study was conducted in the trauma critical care unit of the regional Level-I trauma centre between January 2012 and December 2022.

Randomized controlled trials - The what, when, how and why.

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are at the top of the pyramid of evidence as they offer the best answer on the efficacy of a new treatment. RCTs are true experiments in which participants are randomly allocated to receive a certain intervention (experimental group) or a different intervention (comparison group), or no treatment at all (control or placebo group). Randomization, along with other methodological features such as blinding and allocation concealment, safeguard against biases.

NSAID exposure delays time-to-pregnancy in patients with spondyloarthritis: an analysis of the GR2 prospective cohort.

Background: The impact of disease activity and treatment on fertility outcomes in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) has been little explored. This study aimed to describe median time to pregnancy (TTP) in women with SpA and the factors influencing TTP in this population.

Methods: This prospective observational multicentre (63 centres) French cohort (GR2 study-NCT02450396) included consecutive women with a diagnosis of SpA (according to their rheumatologist) who wanted to become pregnant between 2015 and 2021.

Correction of non-traumatic extensor tendon dislocation and ulnar drift at the metacarpophalangeal joint by the modified Dell technique.

Background: Chronic ulnar extensor tendon dislocation at the metacarpophalangeal joint causes permanent extension deficit and ulnar drift. Several soft tissue procedures have been described for realignment of the extensor tendon in post-traumatic reducible instability or in combination with joint replacement in case of altered metacarpophalangeal joint in inflammatory conditions. However, no studies reported correction of both extension lag and ulnar deviation following isolated surgical treatment of ulnar extensor tendon dislocation at the metacarpophalangeal joint.

A model of relationships of teammate relations, body image, and eating behaviors among athletes.

Recent studies have identified athletes to be at elevated risk for developing disordered eating habits. However, few studies have investigated the association between teammate interactions and athletes' relationships with food and their body. To address this gap, the current study examined a model in which teammate appearance pressures were associated with disordered eating behaviors and body image concerns among varsity and club athletes who competed in a variety of sports at a US university.

Enhancing therapeutic reasoning: key insights and recommendations for education in prescribing.

Background: Despite efforts to improve undergraduate clinical pharmacology & therapeutics (CPT) education, prescribing errors are still made regularly. To improve CPT education and daily prescribing, it is crucial to understand how therapeutic reasoning works. Therefore, the aim of this study was to gain insight into the therapeutic reasoning process.

Monitoring misuse and abuse of psychoactive substances in France: Insights from substance abuse treatment facilities through the OPPIDUM program.

The OPPIDUM program was first created in 1990. It is an annual, repeated, cross-sectional, nationwide, multicenter program. Data are provided directly from users of psychoactive substances (PAS) seen in substance abuse treatment facilities.