An Exploratory Analysis of Child Characteristics Predicting Clinical Outcomes in Parent-Led Cognitive Behavioral Teletherapy for Anxiety in Autistic Children.

Parent-led cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an efficient, promising form of therapy that may be well suited for autistic youth with anxiety disorders. A recent clinical trial found that parent-led CBT - in which parents led their child through a guided CBT workbook with varying degrees of therapist support - was efficacious for reducing anxiety and associated functional impairment. While such findings demonstrate promise for future intervention development and dissemination efforts with this population, more work is needed to elucidate clinical factors that impact response to treatment as well as drop-out.

A mediastinal angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma radically resected with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass and transection of the ascending aorta.

Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a rare soft tissue tumour that rarely behaves malignant. We report a radical resection of a mediastinal angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma, which grew invasively into the pulmonary artery wall, was adherent to the posterior aorta and close to the main stem of the left coronary artery. A transection of the aorta was performed using cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest for a safe and radical removal that resulted in symptom relief.

Approaching Hypercalcemia in Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: Insights from the iStopMM study.

Hypercalcemia in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) presents a clinical challenge since it may indicate progression to multiple myeloma (MM) but could also be due to a multitude of unrelated disorders. To inform the approach to this clinical challenge, we conducted a nested cohort study within the iStopMM screening study. Of the 75,422 Icelanders aged 40 years and above who underwent screening for MGUS, we included 2,546 with MGUS who were in active follow-up, including regular serum calcium measurements.

A core outcome set for best care for the dying person: Results of an international Delphi study and consensus meeting.

Background: Outcome measurement is essential to progress clinical practice and improve patient care.

Aim: To develop a Core Outcome Set for best care for the dying person.

Design: We followed the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) Initiative guidelines, which involved identifying potential outcomes via a systematic literature review (n = 619 papers) and from participants in the "iLIVE" project (10 countries: 101 patients, 37 family members, 63 clinicians), followed by a two-round Delphi study, and a consensus meeting.

[Food as migraine trigger].

Background And Aims: Migraine is a neurological disorder that is characterized by severe headaches and temporary motor and sensory disturbances. Migraine triggers are internal or external factors that can increase the likelihood of a migraine attack. Some individuals with migraine associate their attacks with the consumption of certain types of food, but no have been conducted in Iceland.

Birth satisfaction and symptoms of childbirth related PTSD among women in Iceland: A population-based study.

Background: Given its complexity, childbirth can elicit both positive and negative psychological reactions and, in some cases, women may experience symptoms of childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD). Several risk factors for CB-PTSD have been identified previously, including history of mental health issues and childbirth related complications. The aim of our study was to explore the role of satisfaction with care in CB-PTSD symptoms.

Circulating Baseline CXCR3Th2 and Th17 Cell Proportions Correlate With Trabecular Bone Loss After 48 Weeks of Biological Treatment in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: The high prevalence of osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is due to inflammation that stimulates differentiation of osteoclasts, a process involving circulating monocytes and T cell-derived factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate relations between circulating monocytes, T cell subsets, and changes in bone characteristics before and after treatment with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in RA.

Methods: Thirty patients with untreated early RA who met the American College of Rheumatology/EULAR 2010 criteria were included.

Molecular Pathology of Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 in Iceland.

Background: Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant disease with anticipation due to increased number of CTG repeats in the DMPK gene.

Methods: This retrospective, cohort study in Iceland assessed prevalence of DM1, molecular pathology, and patient ascertainment. Data was collected from all major hospitals in Iceland, Medical Director of Health, and independent clinics.

Effect of interface dead space on the time taken to achieve changes in set FiO during T-piece ventilation: is face mask the optimal interface for neonatal stabilisation?

Background: T-piece is recommended for respiratory support during neonatal stabilisation. Bench studies have shown a delay >30 s in achieving changes in fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) at the airway when using the T-piece. Using a face mask adds dead space (DS) to the patient airway.

[The efficacy of magnetic transcranial stimulation in treating treatment-resistant or prolonged depression in a clinical sample].

Introduction: Depression is a common, serious and often chronic disorder and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. The annual prevalence of depression is 5-10%, twice as high among women as men and the lifetime prevalence is at least 20%. Up to a third of depressed individuals meet criteria for treatment-resistant depression, where two antidepressants have been tried for at least 6 weeks each at therapeutic doses.

Nordic inflammatory bowel disease treatment strategy trial: protocol for the NORDTREAT randomised controlled biomarker-strategy trial.

Introduction: The absence of reliable prognostic markers poses a challenge to the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients with aggressive disease may not receive sufficient treatment with conventional 'step-up' therapy, whereas a top-down approach may expose patients with indolent disease to unnecessary treatment-related toxicity. The objective of the Nordic IBD treatment strategy trial (NORDTREAT) is to assess the feasibility of personalised therapy by stratifying patients according to a prognostic serum protein signature at diagnosis.

Effectiveness of secukinumab in radiographic and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: a European routine-care observational study.

Objectives: To compare the treatment effectiveness of secukinumab in radiographic (r) versus non-radiographic (nr) axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients treated in routine care across Europe.

Methods: Prospectively collected data on secukinumab-treated axSpA patients with known radiographic status were pooled from nine countries.Remission rates based on patient-reported outcomes (PROs; Numeric Rating Scale (0-10), for example, pain ≤2/Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) ≤2 and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) inactive disease (ID) <1.

Increased risk of hip and major osteoporotic fractures in 8463 patients who have undergone stem cell transplantation, a Swedish population-based study.

Unlabelled: In this retrospective cohort study of adult stem cell transplanted patients (n = 8463), a significant increased risk of both MOF and hip fractures was seen compared with the Swedish population and occurred in mean more than 2 years after stem cell transplantation.

Purpose: To explore the risk for osteoporotic fracture in patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) compared with the Swedish population.

Methods: The risk of osteoporotic fractures was determined in a retrospective population cohort study of adult (≥ 18 years) Swedish patients (n = 8463), who were transplanted with HSCT 1997-2016 and compared with all adults living in Sweden during the same period.

[Gastrointestinal symptoms and dietary intake of patients with irritable bowel syndrome following a low FODMAP diet].

Introduction: High FODMAP (fermentable oligo-, di, monosaccharides and polyols) foods have been linked with worsening symptoms of IBS patients. The aim was to compare gastrointestinal symptoms and dietary intake of patients with irritable bowel syndrome following a low FODMAP diet, with or without individual nutrition therapy.

Materials And Methods: A total of 54 patients that met Rome IV criteria for IBS were randomized into two groups, guided group (individual nutrition therapy, n=28) and self-management group (learned about low FODMAP diet online, n=26).

Novel biomarker profiles to improve individual diagnosis and prognosis in patients with suspected inflammatory bowel disease: protocol for the Nordic inception cohort study (NORDTREAT).

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, can be challenging to diagnose, and treatment outcomes are difficult to predict. In the NORDTREAT cohort study, a Nordic prospective multicentre study, we aim to identify novel molecular biomarkers of diagnostic value by assessing the diagnostic test accuracy (cross-sectionally), as well as the prognostic utility when used as prognostic markers in the long-term (cohort study). In the diagnostic test accuracy study, the primary outcome is a successful diagnosis using one or more novel index tests at baseline compared with the ECCO criteria as the reference standard.

[Gastroschisis and omphalocele: Incidence and outcome].

Introduction: Gastroschisis and omphalocele are the most common congenital abdominal wall defects. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence, other associated anomalies and the course of these diseases in Iceland.

Material And Methods: The study was retrospective.

Iodine: a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.

Iodine is essential for the synthesis of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). As in many other parts of the world, insufficient iodine intake and consequently insufficient iodine status is a public health challenge in the Nordic and Baltic countries. The main dietary sources of iodine in the Nordic and Baltic countries include cow's milk, saltwater fish, eggs, products containing iodised salt, and iodised table salt.

[Migration of an intrauterine contraceptive device outside of the uterine cavity - a case report].

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are a safe and common form of contraception. Uterine rupture and migration of the IUD is a rare complication of insertion but can be serious and cause damage to adjacent organs. We present a case report of a 43 year old woman with chronic abdominal pain who was diagnosed with an IUD in the wall of the sigmoid colon.

[Simulation in medical education in Iceland].

Background: Skills labs and simulation centers have become an integrated part of teaching methods in many medical schools. This study aims to describe the status of simulation in medical education in Iceland by examining student and faculty experience, facilitating and barring factors for its use in teaching and how the concept appears in the Course Catalog.

Materials And Methods: The study was threefold.

Complex effects of sequence variants on lipid levels and coronary artery disease.

Many sequence variants have additive effects on blood lipid levels and, through that, on the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). We show that variants also have non-additive effects and interact to affect lipid levels as well as affecting variance and correlations. Variance and correlation effects are often signatures of epistasis or gene-environmental interactions.

Progressive Cone-Rod Dystrophy and RPE Dysfunction in Mice.

Mutations in the mouse microphthalmia-associated transcription factor () gene affect retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) differentiation and development and can lead to hypopigmentation, microphthalmia, deafness, and blindness. For instance, an association has been established between loss-of-function mutations in the mouse gene and a variety of human retinal diseases, including Waardenburg type 2 and Tietz syndromes. Although there is evidence showing that mice with the homozygous mutation manifest microphthalmia and osteopetrosis, there are limited or no data on the effects of the heterozygous condition in the eye.

Childbirth experience questionnaire 2 - Icelandic translation and validation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to translate the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ2) to Icelandic and assess its psychometric characteristics.

Methods: The CEQ2 was translated to Icelandic using forward-to-back translation and tested for face-validity (n = 10). Then data was collected in an online survey to test validation in terms of reliability and construct validity (n = 1125).