Acute, Subchronic, and Genetic Toxicity Assessments of a Composition of Fruit Rind and Seed Extracts.

LN19183 is a standardized composition of (Christm) Swingle (CA) fruit rind and L. (TC) seed extracts that have recently been demonstrated to increase resting energy expenditure (REE) and reduce body fat in rats. CA and TC are important herbs in traditional medicine for various health benefits.

A Synergistic Botanical Composition Increases Resting Energy Expenditure and Reduces Adiposity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats.

Objective: An imbalance between dietary energy intake and energy expenditure may result in body fat gain or obesity. Increasing resting energy expenditure (REE) is an attractive strategy for managing body fat gain. The objective of the current study was to generate proof-of-concept data on a synergistic composition (LN19183) of fruit rind (CA) and seed (TC) extracts to increase REE and reduce body fat gain in a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats.

A synergistic blend of fruit rind and leaf extracts enhances myogenic differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis and muscle growth and strength in mice.

Background: A proprietary combination of fruit rind and leaf extracts (LI80020F4, CinDura) improved the physical performance and muscle strength of resistance-trained adult males.

Objective: This study assessed the underlying mechanisms of the ergogenic potential of LI80020F4 in and models.

Methods: The individual extracts and their combination (LI80020F4) were assessed for nitrite production in EAhy926 human endothelial cells.

A Blend of and Extracts Alleviates Monosodium Iodoacetate (MIA)-Induced Osteoarthritic Pain and Joint Inflammation in Rats.

Background And Objective: NXT15906F6 (TamaFlex) is a proprietary herbal composition containing seeds and rhizome extracts. NXT15906F6 supplementation has been shown clinically effective in reducing knee joint pain and improving musculoskeletal functions in healthy and knee osteoarthritis (OA) subjects. The objective of the present study was to assess the possible molecular basis of the anti-OA efficacy of NXT15906F6 in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced model of OA in rats.

TamaFlex™-A novel nutraceutical blend improves lameness and joint functions in working horses.

Background: Lameness is one of the major causes of reduced physical performance and early retirement in working horses. TamaFlex™ (NXT15906F6) is a standardized synergistic anti-inflammatory botanical formulation containing Tamarindus indica seed extract and Curcuma longa rhizome extract at a 2:1 ratio.

Methods: We conducted a 12-week single-center, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial demonstrating the efficacy of NXT15906F6 in horses with lameness grade 2-4 on the American Association of Equine Practitioners (AAEP) scale.

Toxicological Assessments of a Proprietary Blend of Fruit Rind and Seed Extracts: Acute, Subchronic, and Genetic Toxicity Studies.

LN18178 (Tesnor) is a standardized, proprietary composition of aqueous ethanol extracts of fruit rind and seeds. The present study demonstrates a broad-spectrum toxicological evaluation of LN18178 utilizing and preclinical models following the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines for testing chemicals. Wistar rats did not show any clinical signs of toxicity and morbidity in acute oral and dermal toxicity tests with the median lethal dose (LD) values of at least 5000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg body weight, respectively.

Safety assessment of a novel water-soluble extract of gum resin: acute toxicity, 90-day sub-chronic toxicity, Ames' bacterial reverse mutation, and micronucleus assays.

gum resin extracts have demonstrated potential benefits in alleviating joint pain and discomfort of osteoarthritis. The major objective of the present study was to assess the safety of a water-soluble gum resin extract (LI51202F1) in diverse models of acute oral, acute dermal, primary dermal irritation, eye irritation, and 90-day sub-chronic repeated dose toxicity studies, as well as Ames' bacterial reverse mutation assay and micronucleus assay. The acute oral and dermal toxicity studies in (SD) rats demonstrated that the median lethal dose (LD) of LI51202F1 is >2000 mg/kg body weight (BW).

Combined extracts of Moringa oleifera, Murraya koeingii leaves, and Curcuma longa rhizome increases energy expenditure and controls obesity in high-fat diet-fed rats.

Background: LI85008F is a proprietary combination of leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera, Murraya koeingii, and extract of Curcuma longa rhizome. This herbal extract combination is an effective weight loss supplement for overweight and obese subjects. The present study aimed to investigate the thermogenic potential of the LI85008F in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese Sprague Dawley rats.

Acute, Subacute, and Genotoxicity Assessments of a Proprietary Blend of Fruit Rind and Leaf Extracts (CinDura®).

The present communication describes a battery of toxicity studies that include an acute oral toxicity, a subacute twenty-eight-day repeated oral dose toxicity, and genotoxicity studies on a herbal formulation CinDura® (GMCT). This proprietary herbal composition contains the extracts of the fruit rind (GM) and the leaf (CT). The toxicological evaluations were performed following the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines.

An Anti-Inflammatory Composition of Resin Extracts Alleviates Pain and Protects Cartilage in Monoiodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats.

The boswellic acids, the active compounds in gum resin extract, are potent anti-inflammatory agents and are specific nonredox inhibitors of 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX). Here, we present the anti-osteoarthritis (OA) efficacy of LI13019F1 (also known as Serratrin®), a unique composition containing the acidic and nonacidic fractions of gum resin. This composition strongly inhibited 5-LOX activity with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) of 43.

Toxicological Assessment of a Standardized Gum Resin Extract.

The acidic and non-acidic fractions of gum resin extracts were combined to prepare a unique product, LI13019F1 (Serratrin). The present series of studies evaluated LI13019F1 for acute and subchronic (28-day) toxicity in Wistar rats and acute dermal and eye irritation in New Zealand white rabbits. The mutagenicity and clastogenicity of LI13019F1 were evaluated in bacteria and mouse bone marrow erythrocytes, respectively.

Toxicological studies on the botanical supplement LI12542F6 containing extracts of flower heads and (mango tree) bark.

LI12542F6, a botanical extract composed of and , was evaluated for mutagenicity in bacteria clastogenicity in mouse bone marrow, acute oral and dermal toxicity in the rat, irritation (dermal, eye) in rabbit, and subacute and subchronic toxicity (28 and 90 days) in the rat. All studies followed standard OECD test protocols, in accordance with the principles of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP). LI12542F6 did not induce mutations in the bacterial assay using and strains, nor did it induce genotoxic effects in erythrocytes from mouse bone marrow.

Combined extracts of Garcinia mangostana fruit rind and Cinnamomum tamala leaf supplementation enhances muscle strength and endurance in resistance trained males.

Background: A proprietary composition GMCT contains extracts of two popular Asian herbs viz., Garcinia mangostana (GM) fruit rind and Cinnamomum tamala (CT) leaf. We systematically evaluated physical performance and muscle strength enhancing ability of GMCT in a preclinical mouse model followed by a 42-days double-blind placebo controlled human trial in resistance trained adult males.

Efficacy of a novel herbal formulation for weight loss demonstrated in a 16-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial with healthy overweight adults.

Aim: To re-evaluate the weight loss efficacy of LI85008F in healthy overweight adults via a 16-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and forty overweight participants (body mass index [BMI] 27-29.9 kg/m , 29.

A Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Study Demonstrates the Clinical Efficacy of a Novel Herbal Formulation for Relieving Joint Discomfort in Human Subjects with Osteoarthritis of Knee.

LI73014F2 is a novel composition prepared from extracts of Terminalia chebula fruit, Curcuma longa rhizome, and Boswellia serrata gum resin with synergistic benefit in 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition. This herbal composition with strong anti-5-LOX activity exhibited significant pain relief as indicated through improvements in weight-bearing capacity in a monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis (OA) model of Sprague-Dawley rats. A 90-day randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study evaluates the clinical efficacy and tolerability of LI73014F2 in the management of symptoms of OA of the knee (Clinical Trial Registration No.

A novel herbal composition containing extracts of Boswellia serrata gum resin and Aegle marmelos fruit alleviates symptoms of asthma in a placebo controlled double-blind clinical study.

LI13109F is a novel herbal composition containing the extracts of Boswellia serrata gum resin and Aegle marmelos fruit. This composition dampens leukotriene dependent inflammatory reactions via inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase pathway. In a Sephadex LH-20 induced airway inflammation model of Sprague Dawley rats, LI13109F significantly reduced infiltrated granulocyte population in the bronco-alveolar lavage fluid and normalized Th1/Th2 cytokine balance.

Evaluation of physicochemical properties and intestinal permeability of six dietary polyphenols in human intestinal colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells.

Phenolic compounds are common ingredients in many dietary supplements and functional foods. However, data concerning physicochemical properties and permeability of polyphenols on the intestinal epithelial cells are scarce. The aims of this study were to determine the experimental partition coefficient (Log P), and parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA), to characterize the bi-directional transport of six phenolic compounds viz.