Diagnosis and treatment of bbstetrics disseminated intravascular coagulation in resource limited settings.

Background: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is one of the commonest causes of abnormal bleeding during pregnancy and puerperium. Its successful management is a challenging feat in resource limited settings (RLS).

Aim: To determine Obstetricians' approach in diagnosing and treating obstetrics DIC in a RLS.

The Effect of Anastrozole on the Lipid Profile: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the impact of anastrozole administration on the traditional components of the lipid profile (ie, total cholesterol [TC], LDL-C, HDL-C, and triglycerides [TGs]) by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Methods: We searched the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases for relevant randomized controlled trials published in the English language until January 18, 2022. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CIs were calculated using a random-effects model (DerSimonian and Laird methods).

Fetal macrosomia, fetal insulin, and insulin-like growth factor- 1 among neonates in Lagos, Nigeria: A case-control study.

Purpose: Fetal macrosomia is associated with perinatal injuries. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between fetal insulin, insulin-like Growth factor-1(IGF-1), and macrosomia in a resource-limited setting.

Method: This was a case-control study at tertiary and secondary health facilities in Lagos, Nigeria.

A Qualitative Study Exploring Factors Associated with Retention in HIV Care among Women with HIV in a Large HIV Clinic in Lagos, Nigeria, after Implementing the Test and Treat Policy.

Background: In Nigeria, various sociocultural and economic factors may prevent women from being retained in HIV care. This study explores the factors associated with retention in care among women with HIV in a large HIV clinic in Lagos, Nigeria, under the Test and Treat policy.

Methods: Women living with HIV/AIDS ( = 24) enrolled in an HIV study at the AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria (APIN) clinic in Lagos, Nigeria, were interviewed from April 1 to October 31, 2021, using a semistructured interview guide.

Distal femoral arthropometry in Nigerians and its correlation to total knee replacement implants.

Introduction: Total Knee replacement (TKR) is performed to relieve pain and restore both the mechanical axis and joint line whenever indicated. Most of prostheses being used for TKR were manufactured using dimensions from Caucasians' measurements. This study documented the dimensions of distal femora of Nigerians and correlated the dimensions with different TKR prostheses.

Clinical, epidemiological characteristics and associated factors of hair greying in Lagos, Nigeria.

Objective: To document the epidemiological, clinical characteristics, believed triggers and associated behaviour in hair greying.

Design: A community based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in February 2020 following ethical approval and written informed consent from participants. All participants were clinically evaluated for hair greying, its pattern and location on the scalp.

Triazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in Africa: a systematic review.

Unlabelled: Emergence of triazole resistance has been observed in Aspergillus fumigatus over the past decade including Africa. This review summarizes the current published data on the epidemiology and reported mechanisms of triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus (TRAF) in both environmental and clinical isolates from Africa. Searches on databases Medline, PubMed, HINARI, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar on triazole resistance published between 2000 and 2021 from Africa were performed.

Coagulation abnormalities in children with uncorrected congenital heart defects seen at a teaching hospital in a developing country.

Background: Coagulation abnormality is a significant complication and cause of mortality in children with uncorrected congenital heart defects (CHD). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of coagulation abnormalities and the associated factors in children with uncorrected CHD.

Method: A cross sectional study conducted to determine the prevalence of coagulation abnormalities among 70 children with uncorrected CHD aged six months to 17 years and 70 age and sex matched apparently healthy controls.

The impact of sex on blood pressure and anthropometry trajectories from early adulthood in a Nigerian population: insights into women's cardiovascular disease risk across the lifespan.

Background: Sex disparities in blood pressure and anthropometry may account for differences in cardiovascular (CV) risk burden with advancing age; modulated by ethnic variability. We explored trajectories of blood pressures (BPs) and anthropometric indices with age on the basis of sex in an urban Nigerian population.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis on data from 5135 participants (aged 16-92 years; 2671(52%) females) from our population-based cross-sectional study of BP profiles.

Study motivations, specialty preferences, and empathy of dental students in a Nigerian university.

Introduction: dental training aims to produce committed dentists who are professional and empathetic in providing patient-centered oral healthcare and improved quality of life. This study aimed to assess the motives of dental students to study dentistry, their specialty preferences, and their empathy scores by motives and specialty preference.

Methods: this cross-sectional study utilized a self-administered questionnaire designed to assess the empathy measured by the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professions Student version, motives to study dentistry, dental specialty preferences among students of a dental school in Nigeria.

Chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis in an immunocompetent child.

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a progressive and destructive disease of the lung parenchyma. We report a 9-year-old boy diagnosed with CPA with a positive Aspergillus IgG and chest imaging of cavitary lung lesions. He was treated with oral Itraconazole with significant improvement.

Impact of 10-Day Fulbright Specialist Program and Project Pink Blue Education Sessions on Medical Oncology Knowledge Among Physicians Who Treat Cancer in Nigeria.

Despite an estimated population of over 201 million and over 115,950 yearly diagnosed new cases of cancer, Nigeria does not have dedicated medical oncologists. Most oncology care is delivered through surgical and clinical oncologists, who are trained in both radiation and medical oncology and they number fewer than 50 in the country. With a limited number of oncology professionals, cancer patients in Nigeria experience poor health outcomes, with an estimated cancer mortality rate of 75,000 deaths per year.

Predictors of early mortality risk in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Background: To improve the overall survival of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients, a more precise risk identification after completion of standard treatment will enhance patients' follow-up surveillance and the use of individualized targeted therapy.

Aim: This study explored the potential risk predictors of early mortality in EOC patients who had standard treatment with debulking surgery and chemotherapy.

Methods: The study included 93 EOC patients who had standard treatment and were followed up between January 2011 and December 2020.

Sickle Cell Transplantation Evaluation of Long-term and Late Effects Registry (STELLAR) to Compare Long-term Outcomes After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation to Those in Siblings Without Sickle Cell Disease and in Nontransplanted Individuals With Sickle Cell Disease: Design and Feasibility Study.

Background: There are sparse data on the long-term and late effects of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for sickle cell disease (SCD).

Objective: This study aims to establish an international registry of long-term outcomes post-HCT for SCD and demonstrate the feasibility of recruitment at a single site in the United States.

Methods: The Sickle Cell Transplantation Evaluation of Long-Term and Late Effects Registry (STELLAR) was designed to enroll patients with SCD ≥1 year post-HCT, their siblings without SCD, and nontransplanted controls with SCD to collect web-based participant self-reports of health status and practices by using the Bone Marrow Transplant Survivor Study (BMTSS) surveys, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Profile-25 or Pediatric Profile-29 survey, chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) using the symptom scale survey, daily pain using an electronic pain diary, the economic impact of HCT using the financial hardship survey, sexual function using the PROMIS Sexual Function SexFSv2.

Steri-strip versus subcuticular skin closure of paediatric groin wounds: A randomised study.

Background: A technique that offers the best chance of an optimal result is most appropriate to be employed for wound closure.

Aims: We set out to compare the cosmetic outcome, and wound complication rates associated with clean paediatric groin wounds closed using Steri-Strip™ or subcuticular suturing.

Settings And Design: A prospective randomised study.

Estimates of Treatable Deaths Within the First 20 Years of Life from Scaling Up Surgical Care at First-Level Hospitals in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Background: Surgical care is an important, yet often neglected component of child health in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study examines the potential impact of scaling up surgical care at first-level hospitals in LMICs within the first 20 years of life.

Methods: Epidemiological data from the global burden of disease 2019 Study and a counterfactual method developed for the disease control priorities; 3rd Edition were used to estimate the number of treatable deaths in the under 20 year age group if surgical care could be scaled up at first-level hospitals.

Clinical Characteristics and Stage at Presentation of Glaucoma Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Prcis: The initial presentation of glaucoma varies meaningfully across SSA. A comprehensive strategy with regional customization based on local differences is needed to reduce glaucoma blindness in SSA.

Purpose: To explore regional variations in the presentation of newly diagnosed glaucoma in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA).

Malignant Melanoma in Lagos, Nigeria: Elucidating Histopathologic Prognostic Factors.

Background: Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most lethal of all cutaneous malignancies, accounting for about 79% of skin cancer related deaths. In blacks, it is associated with greater morbidity and mortality compared to Caucasians. Breslow thickness and ulceration status are two of the most important histopathologic prognostic factors in MM.

Defining Surgical Workforce Density Targets to Meet Child and Neonatal Mortality Rate Targets in the Age of the Sustainable Development Goals: A Global Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: To reduce preventable deaths of newborns and children, the United Nations set a target rate per 1000 live births of 12 for neonatal mortality (NMR) and 25 for under-5 mortality (U5MR). The purpose of this paper is to define the minimum surgical workforce needed to meet these targets and evaluate the relative impact of increasing surgeon, anesthesia, and obstetrician (SAO) density on reducing child mortality.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 192 countries to define the association between surgical workforce density and U5MR as well as NMR using unadjusted and adjusted B-spline regression, adjusting for common non-surgical causes of childhood mortality.

Cervical Cancer Knowledge, Risk Factors and Screening Practices among Women Residing in Urban Slums of Lagos, Southwest, Nigeria.

Background: Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of female cancer deaths in Nigeria. Routine cervical cancer screening and early treatment can prevent up to 80% of cervical cancers. This study was carried out to assess the knowledge, risk factors and practice of cervical cancer screening among women residing in urban slums of Lagos, Nigeria.

Clinical Presentation and Intensity of Infection with Intestinal Helminths among School Children in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.

Background: Intestinal helminthiases are public health problems of children in developing countries of the world and account for significant morbidity as it results in stunted growth, intestinal obstruction, anaemia, cognitive impairment, acute pancreatitis, acute cholecystitis and rectal prolapse. This study assessed intestinal helminths, infection intensity and symptoms in primary school children in Ile-Ife.

Methods: It was a cross sectional study.

Implementing a smoking cessation intervention for people experiencing homelessness: Participants' preferences, feedback, and satisfaction with the 'power to quit' program.

Background: Smoking rates among populations experiencing homelessness are three times higher than in the general population. Developing smoking cessation interventions for people experiencing homelessness is often challenging. Understanding participant perceptions of such interventions may provide valuable insights for intervention development and implementation.

Clinical presentation and short-term outcomes of multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children in Lagos, Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic: A case series.

Background: Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has increasingly been documented globally with the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic and a significant proportion of cases have been noted in children of Black descent. There has been a noticeable discrepancy in the presentation and outcomes of COVID-19 infection in sub-Saharan Africa compared to the rest of the world. We documented the demography, clinical features, laboratory and imaging findings, therapeutic management, and short-term outcomes of paediatric patients with MIS-C diagnosed during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lagos, Nigeria.