Identification of genetic risk loci and causal insights associated with Parkinson's disease in African and African admixed populations: a genome-wide association study.

Background: An understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying diseases in ancestrally diverse populations is an important step towards development of targeted treatments. Research in African and African admixed populations can enable mapping of complex traits, because of their genetic diversity, extensive population substructure, and distinct linkage disequilibrium patterns. We aimed to do a comprehensive genome-wide assessment in African and African admixed individuals to better understand the genetic architecture of Parkinson's disease in these underserved populations.

Advocacy at the Eighth World Congress of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery.

The (WCPCCS) will be held in Washington DC, USA, from Saturday, 26 August, 2023 to Friday, 1 September, 2023, inclusive. The will be the largest and most comprehensive scientific meeting dedicated to paediatric and congenital cardiac care ever held. At the time of the writing of this manuscript, has 5,037 registered attendees (and rising) from 117 countries, a truly diverse and international faculty of over 925 individuals from 89 countries, over 2,000 individual abstracts and poster presenters from 101 countries, and a Best Abstract Competition featuring 153 oral abstracts from 34 countries.

Advocating for children's surgery within country health plans: lessons from Nigeria and the global stage.

Background: Despite the growing emphasis on provision of quality safe and affordable surgical care in low- and middle-income countries, and the World Health Assembly resolution 68. 15 on strengthening emergency and essential surgical care and anesthesia as components of universal health coverage, a review of published surgical plans of various countries, revealed a lack of emphasis on children's surgery. Due to the peculiarities of the human resource, infrastructure and equipment required for children's surgery, a lack of deliberate actions and policies targeted at strengthening surgical care for children implies that achieving universal health coverage for children may not be a reality in this setting.

Case study of a model primary health care program in Nigeria: History, evolution, challenges, and future perspectives.

This short report describes the historical evolution of a pioneer Model PHC programme located in Ogun State, southwest Nigeria, as a direct result of the vision and effort of Professor Olikoye Ransome-Kuti, and his drive to entrench the delivery of primary health care (PHC) in Nigeria. It describes some of the programmes inspired by the PHC philosophy at the Model PHC Centre, some of the challenges faced over the years, and the need to reposition the programme. It exemplifies key principles in PHC and its philosophy that are instructive for health practitioners, policymakers and development practitioners, especially those with interest in resource-poor countries.

Female monozygotic twins with sacral myelomeningocele.

Background: Concurrent myelomeningocele in twins is a rare clinical presentation, only reported twice in Nigeria.

Case Description: We present a set of identical female twins from Nigeria. Both twins were females that presented at 3 years with low back swelling since birth, associated with bisphincteric dysfunction but normal motor and sensory functions in the lower extremities.

International Delphi Consensus Study on disposable single-use endoscopy: A path to clinical adoption.

Background/objective: Increasing infectious rate estimates and low microbiological surveillance affect safety of gastrointestinal endoscopy globally. Single use endoscopes and accessories have been claimed to improve safety, but there is lack of data on their indication and sustainability. We aimed to identify a series of best practice recommendations for the use of single use endoscopes and accessories using a modified Delphi.

National Surgical Healthcare Policy Development and Implementation: Where do We Stand in Africa?

Background: National surgical policies have been increasingly adopted by African countries over the past decade. This report is intended to provide an overview of the current state of adoption of national surgical healthcare policies in Africa, and to draw a variety of lessons from representative surgical plans in order to support transnational learning.

Methods: Through a desk review of available African national surgical healthcare plans and written contributions from a committee comprising six African surgical policy development experts, a few key lessons from five healthcare plans were outlined and iteratively reviewed.

Challenges and Prospects of Laser Haemorrhoidoplasty in a Low Resource Setting: The LUTH Experience.

Background: Haemorrhoids are the most common condition of the anal canal causing significant disability. Traditional excisional haemorrhoidectomy and its various modifications, while effective, may be attended by severe postoperative pain and other complications. Laser haemorrhoidoplasty is reported to be effective with fewer complications and shorter hospital stay.

Quality of Life and Life after Amputation among Amputees in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Amputation is a life-changing surgical procedure that can cause significant disruptions in the quality of life of an individual.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life of patients with limb amputations in Lagos.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out among amputees recruited from two tertiary institutions and roadsides in Lagos state.

Closure of Fistula-in-Ano Using a Radial-Emitting Laser Probe: Initial Experience in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Fistula-in-ano treatment has remained quite challenging with high failure rates and a potential for damage to the anal sphincteric complex leading to flatal or faecal incontinence. The treatment of fistula-in-ano using the fistula laser closure (FiLaC) as a minimally invasive, sphincter-saving procedure for complex disease has recently been documented.

Objectives: This review aimed to report the outcome of using it at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital.

Glaucoma Treatment Patterns in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Prcis: Physicians were most likely to recommend primary medical therapy upon diagnosis of glaucoma. Laser therapy was underutilized where they were available. Physicians were more likely to recommend surgery in severe glaucoma, laser therapy in mild glaucoma, while recommendation of medical therapy did not depend on glaucoma severity.

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Roles of Microdochectomy and Subareolar Ducts Excision for Pathological Nipple Discharge in Lagos.

Background: Pathological nipple discharge (PND) comprises less than 10% of presentation in breast clinics. Data on the management of nipple discharge (ND) in our environment are scarce.

Aim: To review management outcome in cohorts of patients with PND in our institution between December 2010 and October 2020.

Rupture of the Gravid Uterus: A Two-Decade Experience at a University Teaching Hospital in South-West, Nigeria.

Background: Uterine rupture is an obstetric emergency associated with significant maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity, especially in resource-constraint countries such as Nigeria.

Objective: To determine the incidence and feto-maternal outcome of uterine rupture in a Nigerian teaching hospital.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of all cases of uterine rupture managed over 21 years.

Psychosocial Support and Cost Burden of Cancer Among Patients Attending Tertiary Oncology Clinics in Lagos State, Nigeria.

Background: Cancer management brings about changes in patients' paths of life, in their daily activities, work, relationships, and family roles, and it is associated with a high level of patient psychological stress and financial toxicity. The objective of this study was to assess the psychosocial support and financial burden of cancer patients and determine socioeconomic factors that impact them. Methodology and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 240 cancer patients in Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) and Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH) in Nigeria.

MAPT allele and haplotype frequencies in Nigerian Africans: Population distribution and association with Parkinson's disease risk and age at onset.

Introduction: The association between MAPT and PD risk may be subject to ethnic variability even within populations of similar geographical origin. Data on MAPT haplotype frequencies, and its association with PD risk in black Africans are lacking. We aimed to determine the frequencies of MAPT haplotypes and their role as risk factors for PD and age at onset in Nigerians.

Academic global surgical competencies: A modified Delphi consensus study.

Academic global surgery is a rapidly growing field that aims to improve access to safe surgical care worldwide. However, no universally accepted competencies exist to inform this developing field. A consensus-based approach, with input from a diverse group of experts, is needed to identify essential competencies that will lead to standardization in this field.

Indigenous mental healthcare and human rights abuses in Nigeria: The role of cultural syntonicity and stigmatization.

Background: Indigenous mental healthcare using traditional non-western methods termed "unorthodox approaches" has been observed in Nigeria historically. This has been largely due to a cultural preference for spiritual or mystical rather than biomedical formulations of mental disorder. Yet, there have been recent concerns about human rights abuses within such treatment settings as well as their tendency to perpetuate stigmatization.

Dental Health Knowledge Attitude and Practice Among University of Calabar Students.

Introduction Oral health has been linked to aspects of individual knowledge, attitude, and practices. In Nigeria, the increased prevalence of poor oral hygiene has been attributed behavioral factors. Behavioral aspects that include the increased intake of sugary foods and beverages, and lack of proper oral hygiene have been touted as the main causes of poor oral hygiene among university students.

Estimating vaccine coverage in conflict settings using geospatial methods: a case study in Borno state, Nigeria.

Reliable estimates of subnational vaccination coverage are critical to track progress towards global immunisation targets and ensure equitable health outcomes for all children. However, conflict can limit the reliability of coverage estimates from traditional household-based surveys due to an inability to sample in unsafe and insecure areas and increased uncertainty in underlying population estimates. In these situations, model-based geostatistical (MBG) approaches offer alternative coverage estimates for administrative units affected by conflict.